DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on the Origin and Transformation of Jeonju-Palkyung

전주팔경의 시원(始原)과 변용(變容)에 관한 연구

  • Rho, Jae-Hyun (Dept. of Landscape Architecture and Urban Design, Woosuk University) ;
  • Son, Hee-Kyung (Dept. of Landscape Architecture and Civil Engineering, Graduate School, Woosuk University) ;
  • Shin, Sang-Sup (Dept. of Landscape Architecture and Urban Design, Woosuk University) ;
  • Choi, Jong-Hee (Division of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Pai Chai University)
  • 노재현 (우석대학교 조경도시디자인학과) ;
  • 손희경 (우석대학교 대학원 조경학과) ;
  • 신상섭 (우석대학교 조경도시디자인학과) ;
  • 최종희 (배재대학교 원예조경학부)
  • Received : 2015.08.06
  • Accepted : 2015.09.09
  • Published : 2015.09.30

Abstract

Based on the analysis and interpretation of the headwords and poetic words of a group of eleven collecting sceneries of Jeonju, the origin and transformations of the Jeonju-Palkyung(Eight sceneries of Jeonju) investigated by a time-series analysis are as follows. As there is no collection of landscape with a formal structure similar to that of the current Jeonju-Palkyung, prior to the Palkyung by Chujae(秋齋) Cho Soo-Sam(趙秀三, 1762~1849), there is no significant problem in assuming the eight poems in Chujaejib(秋齋集) are the origins of the Jeonju-Palkyung, and it is estimated to have been produced in 1829. In the late-19th century poem 'Wansanseunggyeong(完山勝景)', 'the Palkyung in Yeollyeo Chunhyang Sujeolga', and 'the Palkyung delivered by poet Shin Seokjeong in the Japanese colonial era', only the 'Dongpogwibeom(東浦歸帆)' changed from Dongjipo to Dongchon of Bongdong as for 'Landscape Setting There($L_{ST}$)' according to changes in district administration; despite this change, the fact that they are not too different from the Palkyung of Cho Soo-Sam, also supports this. Moreover, according to the headword concordance analysis, it is proven that the Jeonju-Palkyung was established in the late-19th century and continued to be the region's representative sceneries even during the Japanese colonial era, and later 'Namcheonpyomo(南川漂母)' and 'Gonjimangwol(坤止望月)' were added to expand to the Jeonju-Sipkyung(ten sceneries of Jeonju). But when we see there are famous spots that are the origins of the Jeonju-Sipkyung, including Gyeonggijeon, Geonjisan, Jogyeongdan, Omokdae, and Girinbong, Deokjinyeon, and Mangyeongdae, all of which have great representational significance as the capital of Jeolla Provincial Office as well as of the place of origin for Joseon Dynasty in the grouping of sceneries during the early Joseon Dynasty, including "Paehyangsipyeong (沛鄕十詠)", "Gyeondosipyeong (甄都十詠)", and "Binilheonsipyeong(賓日軒十詠)", the beginnings of the semantic Jeonju-Palkyung should be considered up to the first half of Joseon Dynasty. During this period, not only the fine sceneries with high retrospective merit as the capital of Hubaekje, like Gyeonhwondo(甄萱都), but also the sceneries like Mangyeongdae that reminds people of Jeong Mongju(鄭夢周) and Yi Seonggye(李成桂) in the late period of Goryeo appeared, elevating the status of Jeonju as the capital of Hubaekje and shortening the historical gaps as the place of origin of the Joseon Dynasty. The Jeonju-Palkyung is an organic item that carries the history of the Joseon Dynasty after Hubaekje and has gone through many cycles of disappearing and reappearing, but it has continued to change and transform as the region's representative sceneries. The Jeonju-Palkyung is a cultural genealogy that helps one understand the 'Jeonju Hanpunggyeong(韓風景: the sceneries of Korea in Jeonju)', and the efforts to preserve and pass it down to the next generation would be the responsibility of the people of Jeonju.

전주를 대상으로 한 11개 집경(集景)의 표제어 및 시어(詩語) 분석과 해석을 토대로 전주 팔경의 형식과 내용상의 시원 및 변용과정을 시계열분석으로 살핀 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 추재(秋齋) 조수삼(趙秀三, 1762~1849)의 팔경시 이전에는 전주팔경의 골격과 유사한 형식의 집경 사례가 발견되지 않는 것으로 보아, "추재집"에 실린 여덟 편의 시를 전주팔경의 시원(始原)으로 보기에는 큰 무리가 없으며 그 시기는 1829년경으로 추정된다. 이후 19세기 말 작품인 '완산승경'과 '열녀춘향수절가에 기재된 팔경' 그리고 일제강점기의 '시인 신석정이 전하고 있는 팔경' 중 '동포귀범'만이 행정구역의 변화에 따라 동지포에서 봉동의 동촌으로 대상장이 변용되었지만 모두 조수삼의 팔경과 크게 다르지 않다는 점 또한 이를 뒷받침한다. 표제어 일치율 분석 결과, 전주팔경은 최소한 19C 후반에 정착(定着)된 이후 일제강점기에도 줄곧 전주를 대표하는 경관으로 지속된 것으로 확인되며 이후 '남천표모'와 '곤지망월'이 추가되어 전주십경으로써 외연(外延)이 확산되었다. 이러한 팔경 제영의 형식성에도 불구하고 "패향십영(沛鄕十詠)"이나 "견도십영(甄都十詠)" 그리고 "빈일헌십영(賓日軒十詠)" 등 조선 전기의 집경뿐만 아니라 일제강점기 일본인 나루시마 슈쿠시(成島淑士)의 집경 속에도 경기전 건지산 조경단 오목대 그리고 기린봉 덕진연 만경대 등 조선왕조의 발생지이자 전라감영의 수부(首府)로서의 상징성이 높고 전주십경의 연원(淵源)이 되는 명소들이 자리하고 있음을 볼 때 전주팔경의 의미론적 태동기는 조선 전기까지로 그 전범이 소급(遡及)되어야 할 것이다. 이 시기에는 견훤도(甄萱都)와 같이 후백제 도읍지로서의 회고(懷古) 관성(慣性)이 큰 승경 뿐 아니라 만경대와 같이 고려말 정몽주와 이성계를 상기시키는 내용의 경물 또한 전주 팔경에 등장함으로써 후백제 도읍지로서의 전주의 위상을 높이고, 조선 왕조의 발흥지로의 역사적 간극을 좁히고 있음이 확인된다. 전주팔경은 후백제 이후 조선시대 역사문화를 담는 유기체적 존재로 다소 부침(浮沈)을 거듭하였지만 지역의 대표적인 승경으로 꾸준히 변용되어 왔다. 전주 팔경은 '전주 한풍경(韓風景)'을 이해할 수 있는 문화족보로, 이를 보존하고 계승하기 위한 노력은 오늘을 사는 전주인의 몫이라 판단된다.

Keywords

References

  1. http://www.jjcf.or.kr
  2. Rho, J. H.(2008). A Study on the Background of Suwon Palkyung and the Implication of Cultural Landscapes. Journal of Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture. 36(1): 90-102.
  3. Jeonju-si(1974). History of Jeonju-si: pp.889-891.
  4. Chujaejip(秋齋集)
  5. Jeong, H.(2013). A Study on a Eight Scenery Poems for the Jeonju's Character and Formation. Korean Language and Literature Association. 85(-): 313-338.
  6. Im, S. B.(2003). Theories in Landscape Analysis. Press of Seoul University. pp.4-5.
  7. Kang, Y. J. and Kim Y. R.(1991). A Study on the Type and the Spatial Location of Pal-Kyong(eight scenery) in KOREA. Journal of Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture. 9(2): 27-35.
  8. Shin, S. S. and Rho. J. H.(1999). A Study on the Reinterpretation of Jeonju Palkyung for Improvement of Landscape Identity. Journal of Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture. 26(4): 25-35.
  9. Jeonju-bu(1942). History of Jeonju-bu : p972.
  10. http://db.itkc.or.kr
  11. Shin, S. J.(2004). Please Come Down to the Country, Candlelight. Seoul Bumwoomungo. pp.34-35.
  12. Cho, B. J.(2003). Studies on the Four-Spirit Belief in the Jeonju, the Capital of Hubaekie. Korean Ancient History Studies. 29: 191-217.
  13. Shin, S. S., Rho, J. H. and Han K. S.(2005). A Study on the Inquiry-Network Development of Historic Culture Landscape for Diagnosis of Traditional Landscape Identity: A Case of the Jeonju Palkyong Area. Journal of Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture. 23(2): 90-100.
  14. Kim, J. M., Gwon, H. J. and Rho, J. H.(2009). Residents' Perception of Space and Landscape in Wansanju through Wansan 32 SeoungKyung in Late Joseon Dynasty. Journal of Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture. 27(4): 19-28.
  15. Kim J. H.(1861)
  16. Gu, J. K.(1947). The History of Commoner Literature in Korea. Seoul community of National Culture: p32.
  17. www.yetnal.co.kr
  18. Kwon, H. J.(2002). A Study on Cho Su-Sam's Poems of Travel. Master's Thesis Graduate School of Sookrnyung Women's University.
  19. Lee, S. J.(2009). A Study on the Poetry of Chujae Cho Soo-Sam. Graduate School of Sunmoon University Doctorate Thesis.
  20. Park. Y. Wand Park, S. Y.(1965). Collection of Cho Soo-Sam and Lee Sang-Juk's Work. Press of Total Alliance in Korean Literary Arts. pp.3-6.
  21. Sagajip(四佳集)
  22. http://kyudb.snu.ac.kr/pf01/rendererImg.do?item_cd=GZD&book_cd=GM99999_00&vol_no=0000&page_no=0037&imgFileNm=KYKH003_0000_0037.jpg
  23. National Museum of Korea(1911). The Wanpan(Jeonju) edition Second Volumes. p.141.
  24. Ha, S. R.(1984). A Study on the Wansanga by Min, Joo-Hyun. Myongji Language and Literature. 16: 193-227.
  25. Narushima S.(1915). Selection of Poem for Scenic Place of Korea. Kyungsung Yeonmoon Publisher. pp.161-162.
  26. http://tour.jeonju.go.kr
  27. Choi, J. S.(2004). Religious Inertia Embedded in the Signifying Place of Mt. Seungam in Jeonju City. Journal of Cultural and Historical Geography. 16(2): 53-65.
  28. Trongguk Toji Sungnam(東國輿地勝覽)
  29. Yoji Sungnam(輿地勝覽)
  30. Song, H. S. and Kim, K. M.(2013). Bath in Duckjin Pond at Tano Festival in 1930s. 16(1): Local History and Culture: 165-197. https://doi.org/10.17068/lhc.2013.05.16.1.165
  31. The Dong-A Daily News(1928). Have a bird's-eye view of cooling sigh(納凉地烏瞰)(14) Duckjin Pond. July 27th page4.
  32. http://blog.daum.net/_blog/BlogTypeView.do?blogid=02GxA&articleno=13761138&categoryId=643215®dt=20140822111243
  33. Wanju County(1982). Tradiational County. Wanju : p250.
  34. The compilation committee of Wanju-Gunji(1996). Wanju-Gunji: p105.
  35. Sinjeung Tongguk Toji Sungnam(新增東國舆地勝覽)
  36. Lee, C. S.(1971). Wansan Scenic Place. Jeonju community for Youth. pp.11-13.
  37. http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/lndex?contents_id=E0052311
  38. Yeagi(禮記)
  39. Jeonju-si and The compilation committee of Jeonju-bu for Korean translations(2014). Revised manuscript Jeonju-bu for Korean translations: pp.780-781.