Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회지)

Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회)
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Determination of Antibiotic Residues: I. Extraction and Clean-up Methods for Solid Samples_A Review

시료 중 잔류 항생제 분석 방법: I. 고상 시료 전처리 방법

  • Kim, Chansik (Watershed and Total Load Management Research Division, Water Environment Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Ryu, Hong-Duck (Watershed and Total Load Management Research Division, Water Environment Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Chung, Eu Gene (Watershed and Total Load Management Research Division, Water Environment Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Kim, Yongseok (Watershed and Total Load Management Research Division, Water Environment Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Rhew, Doug Hee (Watershed and Total Load Management Research Division, Water Environment Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research)
  • 김찬식 (국립환경과학원 물환경연구부 유역총량연구과) ;
  • 류홍덕 (국립환경과학원 물환경연구부 유역총량연구과) ;
  • 정유진 (국립환경과학원 물환경연구부 유역총량연구과) ;
  • 김용석 (국립환경과학원 물환경연구부 유역총량연구과) ;
  • 류덕희 (국립환경과학원 물환경연구부 유역총량연구과)
  • Received : 2016.07.11
  • Accepted : 2016.11.21
  • Published : 2016.11.30
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Abstract

Korea is one of the countries with a large veterinary antibiotics market, although antimicrobial resistance in bacteria is becoming a serious issue in many countries. The Korean government started to take interest in estimating the effects of livestock manure on rivers and agricultural soils and in monitoring of heavy metals, organic pollutants and antibiotics in the ambient water and soil. In this paper, pre-treatment methods to separate the selected antibiotics from solid samples were reviewed. It is essential to select an efficient and appropriate procedure for pre-treatment due to the high proportion of proteins and organics in biosolid samples. Pre-treatment consists of extraction followed by clean-up. Initially, homogenized samples were extracted by sonication, mechanical agitation or pressurized liquid extraction with methanol/acetonitrile/water mixture under acidic/basic conditions depending on the compound. However, aminoglycosides and colistin were extracted with 5% trichloroacetic acid and HCl, respectively. Since the ${\beta}-lactams$ are easily decomposed in acidic and basic conditions, they were extracted in neutral pH. Filtration with a membrane (pore size, $0.2{\mu}m$) or solid phase extraction with HLB and methanol, as eluents, was normally applied for the clean-up. At least, three different pre-treatment procedures should be adopted to screen all the selected antibiotics in solid samples.

Keywords

References

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