DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on the Relationships between Breathing Disorders and Pathological Patterns Based on the Cold-Heat, Phlegm-, Yin Deficiency-, Lao Juan (勞倦)-Pattern Questionnaires and the Nijmegen Questionnaire

호흡실조와 증형간 연관성 연구: 한열, 담음, 음허, 노권 및 네이메헨 설문을 중심으로

  • Hong, Hanna (Department of Human Informatics of Korean Medicine, Interdisciplinary Programs, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Oh, Hwan-Sup (Department of Human Informatics of Korean Medicine, Interdisciplinary Programs, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Park, Young-Bae (Department of Human Informatics of Korean Medicine, Interdisciplinary Programs, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Park, Young-Jae (Department of Human Informatics of Korean Medicine, Interdisciplinary Programs, Kyung Hee University)
  • 홍한나 (경희대학교 학과간협동과정 한방인체정보의학과) ;
  • 오환섭 (경희대학교 학과간협동과정 한방인체정보의학과) ;
  • 박영배 (경희대학교 학과간협동과정 한방인체정보의학과) ;
  • 박영재 (경희대학교 학과간협동과정 한방인체정보의학과)
  • Received : 2016.11.11
  • Accepted : 2016.12.29
  • Published : 2016.12.30

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between pathological patterns and hyperventilation syndrome, using pathological pattern and Nijmegen questionnaires. Methods: 33 healthy adults were asked to complete the Cold-Heat-, Phlegm-, Yin deficiency, and Lao Juan (勞倦)-pattern questionnaires, the Chalder fatigue scale, and the Nijmegen questionnaire at Kyung Hee University Hospital. We performed Pearson correlation analyses between the pathological pattern questionnaires and the Nijmegen questionnaire. The questionnaires were composed of several factors. Therefore, each factor and Nijmegen questionnaire score were also analyzed. Results: All of the pattern questionnaire scores had a positive correlation with the Nijmegen questionnaire score. The phlegm pattern, in particular, and the LaoJuan (勞倦) questionnaire scores had high correlation coefficients. The coefficient for the phlegm pattern was 0.856 and the coefficient for the LaoJuan (勞倦) pattern questionnaire was 0.855. Conclusions: The results mean that the pathological pattern questionnaires could be one of the reference materials to evaluate hyperventilation syndrome. Furthermore, improvement of pathological patterns may be helpful for treating hyperventilation syndrome, together with conventional therapies including breathing training.

Keywords

References

  1. Bogaerts K, Hubin M, Diest IV, Peuter SD, Houdenhove BV, Wambeke PV, Crombez G, Bergh OV. Hyperventilation in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: the role of coping strategies. Behavior Research and Therapy. 2007;45:2679-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2007.07.003
  2. Gorman JM, Papp LA, Coplan JD, Martinez JM, Lennon S, Goetz RR, Ross D, Klein DF. Anxiogenic effects of CO2 and hyperventilation in patients with panic disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1994;151(4):547-53. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.4.547
  3. Ristiniemi H, Perski A, Lyskov E, Emtner M. Hyperventilation and exhaustion syndrome. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. 2014;28:657-64. https://doi.org/10.1111/scs.12090
  4. Vansteenkiste J, Rochette F, Demedts M. Diagnostic tests of hyperventilation syndrome. European Respiratory Journal. 1991;4:393-9.
  5. Kang BG, Kim SY, Lee JS, Kim NS, Ko MM, Kwon SH, Bang OS. Weighting of stroke pattern identification using an AHP. Journal of physiology and pathology in Korean Medicine. 2011;25(1):149-53.
  6. Park WH, Cha YY, Song YK, Park TY, Kim HJ, Chung WS, Hwang EH, Shin SW, Jang BH, Ko SG. The review on the study of oriental obesity pattern identification: Focused on Korean research papers. Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation. 2014;24(2):83-93.
  7. Lee JH, Yoo SY, Lee JM, Park YJ, Park YB. A study on the relationships between edema index of body composition and pathologic patterns. Journal of the Korea Institute of Oriental Medical Diagnostics. 2012;16(1):27-34.
  8. Kim MW, Ko YS, Lee JH, Chung WS, Shin BC, Chan YY, Go HY, Sun SH, Jeon CY, Jang BH, Song YK, Ko SG. The analysis of pattern identification of low back pain, which is used in thesis both in Korean and China. Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation. 2013;23(2):85-94.
  9. Heo Jun. Dongeui bogam. Shinwoomunhwasa. 2003: (1):90-131.
  10. Dept. of biofunctional medicine and diagnostics, College of oriental medicine. Biofunctional medicine. 1stedition. Seoul:Gunja publishing company. 2008:429-39.
  11. Ok JM, Lim YW, Park YJ, Park YB. Development of the Nijmegen questionnaire in Korean: Cross-cultural translations and verification of face validity. Journal of the Korea Institute of Oriental Medical Diagnostics. 2015; 19(3):133-40.
  12. Ryu HH, Lee HJ, Kim HG, Kim JY. Reliability and validity of a cold-heat pattern questionnaire for Traditional Chinese Medicine. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2010;16(6):663-7. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2009.0331
  13. Park YJ, Park JS, Kim MY, Park YB. Development of a valid and reliable Phlegm pattern questionnaire. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2011;17(9): 851-8. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2010.0504
  14. Park YJ, Cho SW, Lee BH, Park YB. Development and validation of the Yin deficiency scale. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2013;19(1):50-6. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2011.0677
  15. Yoon KJ, Park YB, Park YJ, Kim MY. Development and validation of a LaoJuan questionnaire. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine. 2015;21(7):500-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-015-2079-4
  16. Chalder T, Berelowitz G, Pawlikowska T, Watts L, Wessely S, Wright D, Wallace EP. Development of a fatigue scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 1993;37(2):147-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(93)90081-P
  17. Han SS, Lee SC. Nursing and health statistical analysis. Hannarae publishing company. 2012:282-94.
  18. Bae NS, Oh HS, Park YB. Correlation analysis for 9 respiratory indices and the cold and heat score. Journal of the Korea Institute of Oriental Medical Diagnostics. 2009; 12(2):96-106.
  19. Yoon KJ, Lee SC, Kim MY, Park YB, Park YJ. Analysis of cause and effect structure for Nogwonsang. Journal of the Korea Institute of Oriental Medical Diagnostics. 2010;14(1):1-14.
  20. Lavietes MH, Natelson BH, Cordero DL, Ellis SP, Tapp WN. Does the stressed patient with chronic fatigue syndrome hyperventilate? International Journal of Behavioral Medicine. 1996;3(1):70-83. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327558ijbm0301_6
  21. Nijs J, Adriaens J, Schuermans D, Buyl R, Vincken W. Breathing retraining in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: A pilot study. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. 2008;24(2):83-94. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593980701429406
  22. Bass C, Gardner WN. Respiratory and psychiatric abnormalities in chronic symptomatic hyperventilation. British Medical Journal. 1985;290:1387-90. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.290.6479.1387
  23. Chenivesse C, Similowski T, Bautin N, Fournier C, Robin S, Wallaert B, Perez T. Severely impaired health-related quality of life in chronic hyperventilation patients: Exploratory data. Respiratory Medicine. 2014;108:517-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2013.10.024
  24. Han JN, Stegen K, Valck CD, Clement J, Woestijne KPV. Influence of breathing therapy on complaints, anxiety and breathing pattern in patients with hyperventilation syndrome and anxiety disorders. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 1996;41(5):481-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999(96)00220-6

Cited by

  1. 오장변증설문지 예측 타당도 연구 vol.32, pp.3, 2018, https://doi.org/10.15188/kjopp.2018.06.32.3.165