The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea (암석학회지)

The Petrological Society of Korea (한국암석학회)
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Study of the Last Volcanic Activity on Historical Records on Jeju Island, Korea

고문헌에 기록된 제주도 최후기 화산활동에 관한 연구

  • Ahn, Ung San (World Heritage.Mt. Hallasan Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing)
  • 안웅산 (제주특별자치도 세계유산.한라산연구원)
  • Received : 2016.03.17
  • Accepted : 2016.03.22
  • Published : 2016.03.31
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Abstract

Radiocarbon and OSL ages of three monogenetic volcanoes inferred to be the last volcanoes on Jeju Island, Korea were determined to identify a volcano described in historical records. The results show that the ages of those volcanoes are roughly <3.8 ka (Songaksan), >4.5 ka (Biyangdo), and <6~7 ka (Ilchulbong). Though our efforts to make a positive match between historical records and volcano-chronological dating were not successful, we make a new suggestion in this paper that two historical records of volcanic activity in 1002 and 1007 A.D. could be interpreted to be the sequential volcanic events from a single monogenetic volcano. In addition, based on a volcanological reinterpretation of historical records, we infer that the volcano described therein is most likely Mt. Songaksan, in Daejeongeup, which had early phreatomagmatic and late magmatic activities after 3.8 ka ago. Furthermore, considering the geopolitical relationship between the Goryeo Dynasty and the Tamna Kingdom, in addition with the culture of the era, this study sheds new light on the possibility that there is a time gap between the actual eruptions and the historical recording of them by ancient people.

제주도 역사시대 화산활동 기록의 실체를 밝히고자 제주도에서 가장 젊은 화산으로 추정되는 화산 3곳에 대하여 방사성탄소연대 및 광여기루미네선스연대를 측정하였다. 그 결과, 송악산은 최소 3.8 ka 전 이후, 비양도는 최소 4.5 ka 전 이전, 일출봉은 6~7 ka 전 이후에 분출한 화산으로 파악된다. 이번 연대분석 결과로 고문헌상의 천 년 전 화산을 밝혀내지는 못했다. 하지만, 역사기록 재해석을 통해 1002년과 1007년의 두 차례 기록이 하나의 단성화산에서 일어난 일련의 화산분출 사건임을 새롭게 제시한다. 더불어 본 연구에서는 화산분출 기록에 대한 화산지질학적 해석을 통해, 역사서에 기록된 화산은 수성화산활동과 마그마성 화산활동을 모두 가지는 상당한 규모의 화산으로, 분출연대가 3.8 ka 전 이후로 밝혀진 대정읍 송악산으로 추정하였다. 더 나아가, 화산분출 사건이 기록된 고려시대 초기의 탐라와 고려의 실제적 관계, 시대 문화적 배경 등을 고려하여 화산분출 기록 시점과 실제 화산분출 시기가 서로 불일치할 가능성도 새롭게 제시한다.

Keywords

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