Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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Factors Influencing Posttraumatic Growth of North Korean Defectors in South Korea

북한이탈주민의 외상 후 성장에 영향을 미치는 요인

  • Received : 2016.03.24
  • Accepted : 2016.05.12
  • Published : 2016.05.31
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Abstract

This study examined the posttraumatic growth of North Korean defectors, the relation between their characteristics and posttraumatic growth and the factors influencing their posttraumatic growth, and explored methods of improving their mental health status. 145 North Korean defectors, who were trained in B city and G city, participated in the survey from February 1 to March 10, 2016. The posttraumatic growth, resilience, self-esteem, deliberate rumination, and impact of the (traumatic) event were measured using the PTGI (Posttraumatic Growth Inventory), RS (Rumination Scale, Resilience Scale), SES (Self-esteem Scale) and ISR (Impact of Event). The data were analyzed using the t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. The mean scores were 29.64 for posttraumatic growth. There were significant positive correlations between posttraumatic growth and resilience and between posttraumatic growth and rumination. The influence of the independent variables on the total posttraumatic growth was examined using regression analysis. Models including the variables (resilience, positive self-esteem, and rumination) explained 54.2% of the variance for the posttraumatic growth. These findings demonstrate that it is essential for nurses to continuously intervene and help North Korean defectors so as to promote their posttraumatic growth and resilience. Furthermore, it is also necessary for nurses to find ways to develop ideal interventions in order to activate deliberate rumination.

본 연구는 북한이탈주민의 외상 후 성장을 조사하여, 심리적 특성에 따른 외상 후 성장에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악함으로써 향후 북한이탈주민의 정신건강사업에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 연구대상은 B시와 G시에 거주하는 북한이탈주민 145명으로 2016년 2월 1일~3월 10일까지 외상 후 성장, 사건 충격척도, 외상적 반추, 자아존중감, 적응유연성을 설문조사하였다. 수집된 자료는 빈도와 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, hierarchial multiple regression으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 북한이탈주민의 외상 후 성장은 평균 29.64점이고, 여성인 경우, 종교가 있는 경우, 외상적 반추 및 적응유연성의 점수가 높을수록 외상 후 성장의 점수가 높았으며, 이 차이는 통계적으로 유의하였다. 북한이탈주민의 외상 후 성장에 영향을 미치는 예측요인은 적응유연성, 긍정적 자존감, 의도적 반추로 설명력은 총 54.2%(F=29.36, p<.001)로 나타났다. 따라서 북한이탈주민의 외상 후 성장과 적응유연성 및 긍정적 자존감을 촉진하고, 외상적 반추를 활성화하는 중재가 체계적으로 제공되어야 함을 시사한다.

Keywords

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