Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회지)

The Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analysis of Influential Factors of Roadkill Occurrence - A Case Study of Seorak National Park -

로드킬 발생 영향요인 분석 - 설악산 국립공원 44번 국도를 대상으로 -

  • 손승우 (서울대학교 대학원) ;
  • 길승호 (강원대학교 생태조경디자인학과) ;
  • 윤영조 (강원대학교 생태조경디자인학과) ;
  • 윤정호 (한국환경정책.평가연구원) ;
  • 전형진 (한국환경정책.평가연구원) ;
  • 손용훈 (서울대학교 환경대학원) ;
  • 김민선 (국립공원관리공단)
  • Received : 2014.12.01
  • Accepted : 2016.05.24
  • Published : 2016.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study aimed to interpret the fundamental cause of road-kill occurrences and analyzed spatial characteristics of the road-kill locations from Route 44 in Seorak National Park, Korea. Logistic regression analysis was utilized for backward elimination on variables. Seorak National Park Service has constructed GIS-data of 81 road-kill occurrences from 2008 to 2013 and these data were assigned as dependent variables in this study. Considered as independent variables from previous studies and field surveys, vegetation age-class, distance to streams, coverage of fences and retaining walls, and distance to building sites were assigned as road-kill impact factors. The coverage of fences and retaining walls(-1.0135) was shown as the most influential factor whereas vegetation age-class(0.0001) was the least influential among all of the significant factor estimates. Accordingly, the rate of road-kill occurrence can increase as the distance to building sites and stream becomes closer and vegetation age-class becomes higher. The predictive accuracy of road-kill occurrence was shown to be 72.2% as a result of analysis, assuming as partial causes of road-kill occurrences reflecting spatial characteristics. This study can be regarded as beneficial to provide objective basis for spatial decision making including road-kill occurrence mitigation policies and plans in the future.

본 연구는 설악산 국립공원 내 44번 국도를 대상으로 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하여 로드킬이 발생한 지역의 공간적 특성을 분석하고, 분석 결과의 적합도 및 예측도를 평가하여 로드킬 발생 근본 원인을 파악하고자 하였다. 2008년부터 2013년까지 구축된 81개의 로드킬 데이터를 종속변수로 설정하고, 선행연구 및 현장조사를 통해 도출한 경사, 향, 식생, 백두대간 등의 자연환경 요인과 펜스 옹벽 등의 인공시설물, 경작지, 주거지역 등의 토지이용 변수를 독립 변수로 설정하고, 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하여 회귀식을 추정하였다. 식생 영급, 하천으로부터의 거리, 펜스 옹벽 등의 설치구간, 주거지역 건물 등의 시설로부터의 거리가 로드킬에 영향을 미치는 변수로 선택되었다. 회귀모형에 포함된 모든 변수들은 유의수준(p<0.01)을 충족하였다. 회귀모형에서 로드킬 발생에 가장 큰 영향력을 보인 변수는 펜스 옹벽 등의 설치구간(회귀계수: -1.0135)으로 나타났으며, 가장 낮은 영향력을 보인 변수는 식생 영급(회귀계수: 0.0001)으로 나타났다. 즉, 펜스 옹벽 등의 설치 구간에서는 로드킬이 일어날 확률이 낮으며, 주거지역 건물 등의 시설로부터의 거리가 가까울수록, 하천으로부터의 거리가 가까울수록, 식생 영급이 커질수록 로드킬 발생이 높아질 수 있다. 추정된 로지스틱 회귀모형 결과로부터 로드킬이 일어날 것이라고 옳게 예측한 확률은 74.1%, 로드킬이 일어나지 않을 것이라고 옳게 예측한 확률은 70.4%로 나타났다. 전체적으로는 옳게 분류한 확률은 72.2%로 비교적 높은 비율을 보였다. 본 연구를 통해 로드킬 저감을 위한 계획 및 정책 수립, 방지시설 설치 계획 등의 공간의사 결정에 객관적 근거로 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Balken, N. and L. Waits(2009) Molecular road ecology: Exploring the potential of genetics for investigating transportation impacts on wildlife. Molecular Ecology 18(20): 4151-4164. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04322.x
  2. Choi, T. Y. and C. H. Park(2006) The effects of land use on the frequency of mamma roadkills in Korea. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 34(5): 52-58.
  3. Clevenger, A. P., B. Chruszcz and K. E. Gunson(2003) Spatial patterns and factors influencing small vertebrate fauna road-kill aggregations. Biological Conservation 109(1): 15-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(02)00127-1
  4. Coelho, I. P., A. Kindel and A. V. P. Coelho(2008) Roadkills of vertebrate species on two highways through the Atlantic Forest Biosphere Reserve, southern Brazil. Eur. J. Wildl. Res. 54: 689-699. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10344-008-0197-4
  5. Coffin, A. W.(2007) From roadkill to road ecology: A review of the ecological effects of roads. Journal of Transport Geography 15(5): 396-406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2006.11.006
  6. Grilo, C., J. A. Bissonette and M. Santos-Reis(2007) Spatial-temporal patterns in Mediterranean carnivore road casualties: Consequences for mitigation. Biological Conservation 142(2): 301-313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2008.10.026
  7. Jaeger, J. A. G., H. -G. Schwarz-von Raumer, H. Esswein, M. Muller and M. Schmidt-Luttmann(2007) Time series of landscape fragmentation caused by transportation infrastructure and urban development: A case study from Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany. Ecology and Society 12(1): 22.
  8. Jong, J. C.(2011) Spatial analysis for the assessment of optimum place of eco-bridge. Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment 20(5): 697-703.
  9. Kim, J. H., C. W. Seo, H. S. Kwon, J. E. Ryu and M. J. Kim(2012) A study on the species distribution modeling using national ecosystem survey data. Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment 21(4): 593-607.
  10. Kim, S. B., I. H. Kim, H. J. Lee, J. K. Kim and D. S. Park(2013) Review of amphibian and reptile road-kill studies in South Korea. Korean Journal of Herpetology 5(1): 33-44.
  11. Korea National Park Research Institute(2013) Korea National Park Wildlife RoadKill Reduction Measures Report. Korea National Park Research Institute Report.
  12. Kwon, H. S.(2006) Causes and Reductions of the Raccoon Dog Roadkill Occurrence. Master Thesis, Seoul National University, Korea.
  13. Kwon, H. S., C. W. Seo. and C. H. Park(2012) Development of species distribution models and evaluation of species richness in Jirisan region. The Korea Society For Geospatial Information System 20(3): 11-18.
  14. Lee, D. K. and H. G. Kim(2010) Habitat potential evaluation using Maxent model -Focused on riparian distance, stream order and land use-. J. Korean Env. Res. & Reveg. Tech. 13(6): 161-172.
  15. Lee, J. Y., P. H. Rho and J. W. Lee(2010) Using AHP to analyze the evaluation factors related to wildlife passage management. Kor. J. Env. Eco. 24(6): 763-771.
  16. Lee, Y. H. and J. R. Kim(2004) A proposal of the evaluation method for rock slope stability using logistic regression analysis. Journal of Korean Society for Rock Mechanics 14(2): 133-141.
  17. Lee, Y. W. and M. W. Lee(2006) Eco-corridor positioning for target species-by field surveying of mammals' road-kill-. J. Korean Env. Res. & Reveg. Tech. 9(3): 51-58.
  18. Min, J. H. and G. S. Han(2010) A study on the characteristics of road-kills in the Odaesan National Park. Kor. J. Env. Eco. 24(1): 46-53.
  19. Ng, S. J., J. W. Dole, R. M. Sauvajot, S. P. D. Riley and T. J. Valone(2004) Use of highway undercrossings by wildlife in southern California. Biological Conservation 115(3): 499-507. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(03)00166-6
  20. Noh, Y. D., E. S. Jeong, J. S. Lee and K. H. Kim(2008) A study on the roadkill prevention system based on the web services. Korea Information Processing Society Review 15(6): 873-878.
  21. Park, J. H., H. S. Yoo and M. Y. Park(2009) A study on assessment items analysis for eco-corridors' area -Using the analytic hierarchy process-. Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment 18(5): 301-312.
  22. Park, S. H.(2002) Hangul SPSS. Seoul: SPSS Academy.
  23. Rolley, R. E. and L. E. Lehman(1992) Relationships among raccoon road-kill surveys, harvests, and traffic. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 20(3): 313-318.
  24. Seo, C. H., Y. R. Park and Y. S. Choi(2008) Comparison of species distribution models according to location data. The Korea Society For GeospatIal Information System 16(4): 59-64.
  25. Shin, S. A. and T. M. Ahn(2008) Approach to the location of wildlife corridors on highways-between Yang-jae and Pan-gyo ICs of Seoul-Busan highway, Korea. J. Korean Env. Res. & Reveg. Tech. 11(2): 19-27.
  26. Song, J. S., K. J. Lee, K. S. Ki and I. Y. Jun(2001) The efficiency and improvement of the highway wild-life fences for decrease of mammals road-kill -In case of Manjong-Hongchun section on Jungang highway-. Kor. J. Env. Eco. 25(5): 649-657.
  27. Song, J. Y. and H. S. Oh(2006) Current status of road-killed amphibian and reptile and conservation plands in Songgye Valley, Woraksan National Park. Kor. J. Env. Eco. 20(4): 400-406.
  28. Song, J. Y., M. S. Kim, I. S. Kim, T. H. Kim, I. Roh, S. W. Seo, E. K. Seo, J. K. Seo, J. Y. Yang, K. D. Woo, H. J. Won, Y. G. Lee, Y. H. Lim, S. H. Han and M. G. Moon(2009) Roadkill of amphibians in the Korea National Park. Kor. J. Env. Eco. 23(2): 187-193.
  29. Song, W. K. and E. Y. Kim(2012) A comparison of machine learning species distribution methods for habitat analysis of the Korea water deer(Hydropotes inermis argyropus). Korean Journal of Remote Sensing i28(1): 171-180.
  30. Song, W. K.(2011) Habitat NetworkModeling of Leopard Cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) based on the Spatial Graph Theory. Doctoral Thesis, Seoul National University, Korea.
  31. Yu, S. H., Y. J. Lee, J. J. Park, D. G. Woo, S. G. Yim and J. H. Park(2010) Development and test of the usefulness of a developing one-way gate for mitigation of wildlife road-kill. Pro. Kor. Soc. Env. Con. 20(2): 246-249.

Cited by

  1. Patterns of Snake Roadkills on the Roads in the National Parks of South Korea. vol.51, pp.3, 2018, https://doi.org/10.11614/KSL.2018.51.3.234