Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
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The Status of Endangered Plants Distributed in the Middle Eastern Area of Korea and Evaluation of the Risk Factors

우리나라 중동부지역에 분포하는 멸종위기야생식물 현황과 위험요인 평가

  • Kim, Young-Chul (Dept. of biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Chae, Hyun-Hee (Dept. of biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Hong, Bo-Ram (Dept. of biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Oh, Hyun-Kyung (Plants Resource Division, Biological Resources Research Department, National Institute of Biological Resource) ;
  • Lee, Kyeong-Hwa (Wonju Regional Environmental Administration) ;
  • Lee, Kyu-Song (Dept. of biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
  • 김영철 (강릉원주대학교 생물학과) ;
  • 채현희 (강릉원주대학교 생물학과) ;
  • 홍보람 (강릉원주대학교 생물학과) ;
  • 오현경 (국립생물자원관 식물자원과) ;
  • 이경화 (환경부 원주지방환경청) ;
  • 이규송 (강릉원주대학교 생물학과)
  • Received : 2016.01.09
  • Accepted : 2016.05.03
  • Published : 2016.06.30
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Abstract

Evaluation of the extinction risk of endangered plants at international, national as well as at regional levels is essential to the implementation of plans for direct conservation activities. Reports indicate that 34 endangered plants are distributed in the middle eastern area of Korea. For each endangered plant, we investigated the sites, area of extents, population size, and factors that affect population extinction. We assessed risk factors based on 10 evaluation criteria including the results from the investigation and the life traits each endangered plant has. As a result of evaluating the risk factors, these 34 endangered plants are classified into 3 groups: the first category comprises 12 endangered plants that require active and urgent conservation of habitats due to multiple risk factors; the second group has 16 endangered plants that should be able to persist with the removal of a few direct risk factors; the third category has 6 endangered plants that can persist with minimal management due to comparatively large distributed area and numerous individuals. It was found that most major risk factors in the population of endangered plants are caused by disruption of habitats and population extinction due to the increase of human habitation in the concerned areas, development and illegal harvesting. Futhermore, ecological collapse from decreasing habitats and malfunctioning mechanism of extinction and regeneration due to the changes of vegetational environment can be the other causes. From the area of the present investigations, we selected 5 regions according to the number of species and the frequency of appearance and importance of conservation measures. Also, we suggested a conservation strategy according to the regional characteristics. We suggest that the method for evaluating extinction risk of endangered plants includes distributional data and life traits of species. In addition, we underscore the necessity for understanding population dynamics and ecological niche of the each target species.

전 세계적인 그리고 국가적인 규모에서 멸종위기야생식물의 멸종위험 평가와 더불어 지역적인 규모에서의 멸종위험평가는 직접적인 보전활동의 계획과 실행에 있어 대단히 중요하다. 우리나라 중동부지역에는 34종의 멸종위기야생식물이 분포하였다. 각각의 종에 대해 분포지, 분포면적, 개체수 및 개체군의 소멸에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 요인을 조사하였다. 조사결과에 따라 각각의 종이 소유하고 있는 생활사 특성을 포함한 10가지 평가항목을 바탕으로 위험요인을 평가하였다. 34종에 대한 위험요인 평가결과 첫째, 다수의 위험요인이 존재하고 심각한 훼손압력에 노출되어 있어 적극적이고 시급한 생육지 보전활동이 필요한 12종, 둘째, 소수의 직접적인 위험요인을 제거하는 것으로 개체군의 지속이 가능한 16종, 셋째, 비교적 넓은 분포지와 많은 개체수에 따라 소극적인 관리를 통해서도 개체군의 지속이 가능한 6종으로 구분되었다. 멸종위기야생식물에 있어 가장 큰 위험요인은 인구의 증가, 개발, 채취에 따른 생육지와 개체군의 소멸이었다. 또한 식생환경의 변화로 인한 적합한 생육지의 감소와 재정착의 기작이 정상적으로 작동하지 않는 생태계 건강성의 상실이 또 다른 원인이 될 수 있다. 본 조사가 이루어진 지역에서 멸종위기야생식물의 분포지와 출현 빈도 및 중요도를 바탕으로 5개 권역별을 제시하였다. 그리고 각 권역의 특성에 따른 보전 전략을 제시하였다. 우리는 멸종위기야생식물의 멸종위험에 대한 평가는 분포현황정보 뿐만 아니라 종의 생활사 특성을 포함하는 평가방법이 필요함을 제안한다. 뿐만 아니라 개체군동태와 생태적 지위에 대한 이해가 필요함을 제안한다.

Keywords

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