Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship (벤처창업연구)

The Korean Society of Business Venturing (한국벤처창업학회)
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The Relationship Between Empowerment and Innovative Behavior, and the Moderating Effect of Psychological Ownership in Small Musiness

중소기업 구성원의 임파워먼트와 혁신행동의 관계 및 심리적 주인의식의 조절효과

  • Hong, Wan-Ki (Industry-University Cooperation, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Ahn, Kwan-Young (Dept. of Business Administration in Sangji University)
  • Received : 2016.01.25
  • Accepted : 2016.05.29
  • Published : 2016.06.30
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to review the relationship between empowerment and innovative behavior, and the moderating effect of psychological ownership in small business. In order to verify and achieve the purposes mentioned above, questionnaire data are gathered and analysed from 315 employees in manufacturing enterprises of Kangwon-do province. Multiple regression and multiple hierarchical regression analysis were applied to test the proposed hypotheses: 1) the relationship between empowerment(meaning, autonomy, self-efficacy, impact) and innovative behavior(idea development, idea implementation), 2) the moderating effect of PO(psychological ownership for organization) on the relationship between empowerment and innovative behavior, 3) the moderating effect of PJ(psychological ownership for job) on the relationship between empowerment and innovative behavior. Empirical survey's findings are as follows; First, empowerment(meaning, autonomy, self-efficacy, impact) appeared to be positively related with innovative behavior(idea development, idea implementation). Second, there was no evidence of moderating effect of PO on the relationship between empowerment and innovative behavior. Third, meaning of work was more positively related with innovative behavior(idea development, idea implementation) in higher PJ group than in lower PJ group. Fourth, impact was more positively related with idea implementation in higher PJ group than in lower PJ group.

중소기업의 경우 자본부족과 전문인력 부족의 문제로 획기적인 혁신을 추진하기 어렵다. 따라서 전문인력에 의존하는 급진적 혁신이나 획기적 혁신보다는 담당업무의 개선이나 비용절감을 추구하는 점진적 혁신행동을 추구하는 것이 바람직하다. 이러한 혁신행동은 종업원의 업무에 대해 적극적 관심과 개선을 위한 자발적 노력이 없으면 이루어지기 어렵다. 따라서 종업원들의 임파워먼트는 혁신행동을 촉진하는 동력이 될 수 있다. 또한 혁신행동과 같은 적극적 행동은 조직이나 직무에 대한 심리적 주인의식이 있을 때 더욱 적극적일 것이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 임파워먼트와 혁신행동의 관계와 그러한 관계에서 심리적 주인의식의 조절효과를 실증분석하고자 하였다. 실증분석을 위한 자료수집은 강원 영서지역에 입지한 중소제조업체 종사자 315명으로부터 회수한 설문을 이용하였다. 임파워먼트가 혁신행동에 미치는 효과 및 조직에 대한 심리적 주인의식과 직무에 대한 심리적 주인의식의 조절효과를 분석한 결과, 임파워먼트의 구성요소인 의미감, 자율성, 자기효능감, 영향력은 모두 구성원의 혁신행동에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 임파워먼트(의미감, 자율성, 자기효능감, 영향력)와 혁신행동(아이디어개발, 아이디어실행)의 관계에서 심리적 주인의식(조직에 대한 심리적 주인의식, 직무에 대한 심리적 주인의식)의 조절효과에 대한 분석결과 의미감이 아이디어개발과 실행 에 미치는 긍정적 효과는 직무에 대한 심리적 주인의식이 높을수록 강하게 나타났다. 그리고 영향력과 아이디어실행의 긍정적 관계도 더욱 강하게 나타났다. 따라서 종업원들의 아이디어개발이나 실행과 같은 혁신행동을 제고함에는 의미감, 자율성, 자기효능감, 영향력과 같은 임파워먼트를 인지시키는 것이 효과적이며, 특히 직무에 대한 심리적 주인의식을 고취시키는 것이 바람직하다고 볼 수 있다. 이를 위해서 경영자의 변혁적 리더십을 통하여 종업원의 자기효능감을 제고하고, 직무에 정체성, 중요성, 자율성, 다양성 등을 부여하는 직무재설계를 통한 영향력이나 과업의미감 제고가 바람직할 것이다.

Keywords

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