Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

An Analysis of Mediating Effects According to Knowledge Management Activities of Organization Members in the Relationship between Supervisors' Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment within the Organization - A Comparative Analysis of the Employees of Large Companies by Industry -

조직내부에서 상사의 변혁적 리더십과 조직몰입의 관계에서 조직원의 지식경영활동에 따른 매개효과 분석 - 직종별 대기업 종사자 간 비교분석 -

  • Han, Choong-Keun (Dept. Of Knowledge Service & Consulting, Hansung University) ;
  • You, Yen-Yoo (Dept. Of Knowledge Service & Consulting, Hansung University)
  • 한충근 (한성대학교 지식서비스&컨설팅학과) ;
  • 유연우 (한성대학교 지식서비스&컨설팅학과)
  • Received : 2016.04.21
  • Accepted : 2016.08.11
  • Published : 2016.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to analyze the mediating effects of knowledge management activities in the relationships between superiors' transformational leadership and their organizational commitment and between the their transformational leadership and knowledge management activities and organizational commitment by industry with 635 employees of large companies as the participants in this research. The results of this research can be summarized as follows. It was found that the superiors' transformational leadership had significant effects on their knowledge management activities and organizational commitment. Also, it was found that their knowledge management activities had significant effects on their organizational commitment. It was found that the superiors' transformational leadership had partial mediating effects with regard to the mediating role of their knowledge management activities in their organizational commitment. Finally, the results of the analysis by industry showed that the effects of the superiors' transformational leadership on their knowledge management activities were the greatest in the service industry and the effects of their knowledge management activities on their organizational commitment were also the greatest in the service industry. It was also found that the effects of the superiors' transformational leadership on their organizational commitment were the greatest in the IT industry. In this research, it was recognized that transformational leadership plays an important role as a prerequisite factor for promoting organizational effectiveness, and these results imply that transformational leadership means not only achieving goals, but also pursuing changes and innovation and, at the same time, developing the latent capabilities and strengths of the organization's members and promoting their confidence and passion by stimulating their positive strengths, so that they can achieve higher than expected outcomes.

본 연구는 직종별 대기업 종사자 635명을 대상으로 상사의 변혁적 리더십과 조직몰입의 관계에서 지식경영활동의 매개효과와 상사의 변혁적 리더십이 지식경영활동과 조직몰입에 대한 관계성 분석을 직종별 비교 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 상사의 변혁적 리더십이 지식경영활동에 모두 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 상사의 변혁적 리더십이 조직몰입에 모두 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 지식경영활동도 조직몰입에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 상사의 변혁적 리더십이 조직몰입 간에 지식경영활동의 매개역할에 관해서 부분매개효과를 나타내는 것으로 분석되었으며, 마지막으로, 각 집단별로 분석한 결과에 대해서는 상사의 변혁적 리더십이 지식경영활동에 미치는 영향에서는 서비스업이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 지식경영활동이 조직몰입에 미치는 영향에서도 서비스업이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 또한 상사의 변혁적 리더십이 조직몰입에 미치는 영향에서는 IT업이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 변혁적 리더십은 조직유효성을 증진시키는 선행요인으로 중요하게 인지되었으며, 이러한 결과는 변혁적 리더십이란 목표달성에 그치지 않고 변화와 혁신을 추구함과 동시에 조직구성원들이 지니고 있는 잠재적 역량과 강점을 개발하고 자신감과 열정을 증대시킬 뿐만 아니라, 긍정적 강점을 자극하여 기대했던 것보다 높은 성과를 달성하도록 하는 것을 의미한다.

Keywords

References

  1. Angel H. L., Perry J. L., "Dual Commitment and Labor-Management Relationship Climates", Academic of Management Journal, 29(1), pp. 31-50, 1986. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/255858
  2. D. Lee, "The Relationships among Intellectual Capital, Knowledge Management Activity and Organizational Effectiveness in Korean Exhibition and Convention Centers", The Korea Academic Society of Tourism and Leisure, 21(2), pp. 27-47, 2009.
  3. Smith M. A., "Are you a transformational leader?", Nursing Management, 42(9), pp. 44-50, 2011. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.NUMA.0000403279.04379.6a
  4. Bass, B. M., Riggio, R. E., Transformational leadership. LawrenceErlbaum, NewYork, N.Y, 2005.
  5. W. Han, D. Kim, J. Kim, "Organizational Vitality of the impact on multidimensional analysis through the corporate culture of Servant Leadership", Korean Journal of management, pp. 173-195. 2015.
  6. Tichy M. Noel., "Managing Change Strategically: The Technical, Political and Cultural Keys", Organizational Dynamics, 11(2), pp. 59-80. 1983. https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-2616(82)90005-5
  7. S. Park, K. Bae, E. Choi, "A Study of the Impact of Organizational learning Culture on Authentic Leadership: Focusing up on Mediating Variable of Positive Psychological Capital and Self-Directed Learning", The Korea Society for Public Personnel Administration, 13(1), pp. 351-378. 2014.
  8. H. Shin, Y. Ko, "The Impact of GWP Organization Culture has on Positive Psychological Capital, Organizational Commitment, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior -Comparison Analysis between the People Working in Manufacturing, Services, and Finance", Management and Information Systems Review, 34(2), pp. 39-65. 2015. https://doi.org/10.29214/damis.2015.34.2.003
  9. Koh, W. L., Steers, R. M., Terborg, J. R., "The Effects of Transformational Leadership on Teacher Attitudes and Student Performance in Singapore," Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16(4), pp. 319-333, 1995. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/job.4030160404
  10. Mottaz, C. J., "An Analysis of the Relationship between Attitudinal Commitment and Behavioral Commitment", The Sociological Quarterly, 30, pp. 143-158, 1989. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-8525.1989.tb01516.x
  11. S. Chae, S. Bae, J. Kim, "Transformational Leadership, Psychological Empowerment and Organizational Commitment: Focused on Mediating Effect of Empowerment", Korea Journal of Business Administration, 20(6), pp. 2611-2638, 2007.
  12. S. Moon, S. Cho, "Study on the Effect of Transformational leadership on Organizational performance in the Small and Medium Enterprises : Focusing on the Mediating effect of Employee's learning activity", Korean Association of human resource development,13(2), pp. 41-65, 2010.
  13. P. Yang, S. Choi, "An Empirical Analysis on the Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment: The Mediating Effects of Core Self-Evaluations", Korea Corporation Management Associator, 18(4), pp. 97-117, 2011.
  14. O'Reilly. C., Chatman, J., "Organizational commitment and psychological attachment: The effects of compliance, identification, and internalization on prosocial behavior", Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, pp. 492-499, 1986. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.492
  15. Y. Seong, "Savant and transformational leadership is collective sense of efficacy as a focal point : impact on organizational commitment", Korean journal of policy analysis and evaluation, 21(4), pp. 199-225, 2011.
  16. D. Cheon, H. Choi, "An empirical study of how knowledge management activities of tourism industry influence the organizational effectiveness and management performance", Journal of Tourism Management Research, 15(1), pp. 145-165, 2011.
  17. H. Seo, S. Kim, S. Yoon, "Moderating effects of multi-dimensional organizational commitment between knowledge sharing and Innovative behavior among instructors in sport centers", Korean Journal of Sports Management, 18(1), pp. 45-58, 2013.
  18. Y. Sung, C. Youn, "A Study on Moderate Effect of Transformational Leadership between Self-efficacy and Organizational Commitment on Finance Industry's Employees", Korean Society continuing education, leadership, 1(2), pp. 7-33, 2014.
  19. M. Song, H. Yoon, "The Effects of Human and Structural Capital of Employees upon Knowledge Sharing, Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction in Food service Industry", Korean Hospitality and Tourism Academe, 23(5), pp. 23-41, 2014.
  20. H. Kim, J. Kim, "The Relationship among the Leadership of Principals in Special Schools, their Knowledge Management, Organization Culture, Perceived by Teachers", The Korean Society of Special Education, 45(2), pp. 197-226, 2010.
  21. J. Oak, "A Study on the Effect of the Principal's Transformational Leadership on the Teacher's Job Character and the School Organizational Commitment", Korean Teachers Educational Society, 27(3), pp. 1-22, 2010.
  22. D. Kim, "Antecedent and Consequence Constructs of Knowledge-Sharing Intentions: A Focus on the Accentuating Effects of Emotional Trust Supported by Transformational Leadership', Korean Journal of public administration, 50(2), pp. 325-348, 2012.
  23. D. Lim, D. Kim, "The Effects of Transformational Leadership on Knowledge Sharing: Mediating Effects of Trust in Co-Workers and Group Cohesiveness", Korea Association of business education, 29(1), pp. 23-51, 2014.
  24. Downton, J. V. Rebel leadership: Commitment and charisma in the revolutionary process, Free Press, 1973.
  25. Burns, J. M., Leadership, NewYork: Harper and Row, 1978.
  26. Bass, B. M., Leadership and Performance beyond Expectation, NewYork: Free Press, 1985.
  27. Bass, B. M., Bass & Stogdill's, Handbook of Leadership; Theory, research, and managerial applications,(3rd ed.), NewYork: The Free Press, 1990.
  28. Y. Kim, "The Role of-efficacy between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors", Bulletin of Dongnam Health College, 22(2), pp. 491-502, 2004.
  29. Penrose, E., The Theory of the Growth of the Firm, NewYork: Wiley, 1959.
  30. Barney, J. B.. Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage, Journal of Management, 17, pp. 99-120, 1991. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
  31. Conner, K. R., A, "historical comparison of resource-based theory and five school of thought with industrial organization economics: Do we have a new theory of the firm?" Journal of Management, 17(1), pp. 121-154, 1991. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700109
  32. Wiig, K. M., "Knowledge Management: Where did it come from and where will it go?", Expert systems with Applications, 13, pp. 1-14, 1997. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0957-4174(97)00018-3
  33. Ruggles, R. L., "The state of the notion : Knowledge management in practice", California Management Review, 40(3), pp. 80-89,1998. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/41165944
  34. M. Choi, J. Kweon, "The Effect of Hypertext Organizational Structure on Knowledge Creation and Sharing", Korean Academy of Management, 12, pp. 199-228, 2002.
  35. Nonaka, I. & Takeuchi, H., The knowledge-creating company, NewYork: Oxford University Press, pp. 21-55, 1995.
  36. Krogh, G. V., K. Ichijo, & I. Nonaka, Enabling Knowledge Creation, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-62753-0
  37. H. Lim, "Study on the Relationship Between Civil Group Leadership and Organizational Social Capital", Graduate school of Daejeon University, 2004.
  38. G. Moon, S. Choi, J. Moon, "Effects of leadership style and features of organizational culture on innovative behavior", Journal of Industrial Economics and Business, 22(6), pp. 3289-3320. 2009.
  39. G. Park, B. Bae, "A Study on the Relationships between Leadership Types and Organizational Culture, Performance Management System", Journal of Industrial Economics and Business, 28(6), pp. 2639-2660. 2015.
  40. Porter, L. W., Steers, R. M., Mowday, R. T., Boulian, P. V., "Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and turnover among psychiatric technicians", Journal of Applied Psychology, 59, pp. 603-609, 1974. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0037335
  41. Meyer J. P., Allen N. J., "A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment", Human Resource Management Review, 1, pp. 61-89, 1991. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-Z
  42. B. Ryu, E. Ryu, "An Study on the Relationships between Transformational/Transactional leadership and Organizational Effectiveness: Focusing on moderating effects of Organizational Culture", GRI, 15(3), pp. 239-262, 2013.
  43. W. Lee, S. Chung, "A Study on the Modification Variable by Organizational Performance and Transformation Leadership", Management Education Review, 59, pp. 259-283. 2010.
  44. Y. Lee, C. Choi, "Analysis of the Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment", Korean Association for Policy Sciences, 8(2), pp. 130-151, 2004.
  45. K. Shin, "Empirical Relationships Among Servant, Transformational, And Transactional Leadership", Journal of Human Resource Management Research, 16(1), pp. 87-101, 2009.
  46. Davenport T. H., L. Prusak, Working knowledge: how organizations manage what they know, Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 1998.
  47. Nonaka I., N. Konno, "The concept of 'ba': building a foundation for knowledge creation", California Management Review, 40(3), pp. 40-54, 1998. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/41165942
  48. Nonaka, I., R. Toyama, A. Nagata, "A firm as a knowledge creating entity: a new perspective on the theory of the firm", Industrial and Corporate Change, 9(1), pp. 1-20, 2000. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icc/9.1.1
  49. Deng, L., P. Gibson, "Mapping and modeling the capacities that underlie effective cross-cultural leadership: an interpretive study with practical outcomes", Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 16(4), pp.347-366, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1108/13527600911000339
  50. Alavi, M., & Leidner, D. E., Knowledge management systems: issues, challenges, and benefit, Communications of the AIS, 1(2es), 1, 1999.
  51. H. Kim, I. Choi, S. Kang, "Synopsis and Prognosis of Knowledge Management Research - Recent Trends and Research Agenda", Korea Knowledge Management Society, 1(1), pp. 19-46, 2000.
  52. S. Kang, H. Lee, "Knowledge Transfer for Me and Us Theory: A Grounded Theory Describing the Psychological State of Organizational Members Transferring Knowledge", The Korea Society of Management information Systems, 34(3), pp. 740-744, 2005.
  53. Schein, E. H., "Three Cultures of Management: The Key to Organizational Learning", Sloan Management Review, 38(1), pp.9-20, 1996.
  54. McDermott, R., Why Information Technology Inspired but Cannot Deliver Knowledge Management, California Management Review, 41(4), pp. 103-117, 1999. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/41166012
  55. H. Lee, C. Suh, "Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment of Employees with Core Factors of Knowledge Management and Knowledge Sharing Culture in Hotel Enterprises", Korea Academic Society of Tourism Management, 17(2), pp. 87-107, 2002.
  56. W. Oh, "A Comparative Analysis on the Effect of Organizational Effectiveness of Transformational Leadership Between Public and Private Organization", Graduate school of Chungbuk National University, 2007.
  57. B. Ryu, E. Ryu, "A Comparison Study on the Relations of Organizational Structural and Organizational Effectiveness of Public and Private Sectors : Mediating Effects of Multi-dimensional Organizational Commitment" The Korean Journal of Local Government Studies, 16(3), pp. 437-468, 2012.
  58. H. Lee, J. Jeong, "The Causal Relationship among Organizational Commitment, Emotional Intelligence of Superior, Transformational Leadership and Trust to Superior of Workers in Large Corporations." Journal of Agricultural Education and Human Resource Development, 44(3), pp. 153-177, 2012. https://doi.org/10.23840/agehrd.2012.44.3.153
  59. H. Ki, "A Study on the Effect of Transactional and Transformational Leadership on Organizational Effectiveness: Mediating effects of Knowledge sharing and Moderating effects of Members Cultural tendency", Graduate school of Soongsil University, 2011
  60. P. Yang, S. Choi, "Mediating Effects of Core Self-Evaluations on the Relationship between Innovative Climate and Innovation Behavior", Journal of Business Research, 26(4), pp. 19-42, 2011
  61. Y. Sung, "Effect of the type of leadership of the leaders of basic local government on organizational commitment of public Servants : Empowerment as a parameter", Graduate school of Keimyung University, 2006.
  62. Roos, G. and Roos, J., "Measuring your company's intellectual performance", Long Range Planning, 30(3), pp. 413-426, 1997. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0024-6301(97)00022-8
  63. Delone. W. H., How Culture Drive Knowledge Management, Ernst&Young Working paper, 1997.
  64. O'Dell, C. and Grayson, C. Jackson. "If Only We Knew What We Know : Identification and Transfer of Internet Best Practices.", California Management Review, 40(3), pp. 154-174, 1998. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/41165948
  65. H. Gi, "A Study on the Effect of Transactional and Transformational Leadership on Organizational Effectiveness : Mediating effects of Knowledge sharing and Moderating effects of Members Cultural tendency", Graduate school of Soongsil University, 2011.
  66. Bass, B. M., Avolio, B. J., Multifactor leadership questionnaire? short form6s. Binghamton, NY: Center for Leadership Studies,1992.
  67. D. Yang, D. Shim, "Transformational leadership role behavior : personal identification and social impact, Organizational Citizenship Behavior and innovation action mediated effect of the same", Korean Academic Society of Business Administration, 42(1), pp. 121-152, 2013.
  68. Y. Lee, "Social Capital, Knowledge Management, and Organizational Performance", Journal of information systems, 16(4), pp. 223-241, 2007.
  69. M. Heo, M. Cheon, "Relationships among Learning Organization, Knowledge Management Activity, and Work Performance: A Comparative Analysis of Model", The Korean Academic Society of Business Administration, 38(6), pp. 1467-1504, 2009.
  70. Meyer, J. P., Allen, N. J., & Smith, C. A., "Commitment to organizations and occupations: Extension and test of a three-component conceptualization," Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(4), pp. 538-551, 1993. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.78.4.538
  71. E. Kim, "The effects of the organizational and career Commitment profiles on turnover intention , performance effort , and learning motivation", The Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 15(1), pp. 41-63, 2002.
  72. J. Rhee, I. Choi, "Relationship among Organizational Justice, Trust and Organizational Effectiveness", Korean Academy of Management, 12(1), pp. 93-132, 2004.
  73. Y. Kim, D. Kim, "The Effects of Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Burnout and Organizational Commitment", Korean Academic Society of Business Administration, 41(4), pp. 693-722, 2012.
  74. J. Yu, The concept and understanding of structural equation modeling", Seoul: Hannare Publishing Co, 2012
  75. J. Yu, Y. Suh, "The Effects on Brand Customer Satisfaction, Loyalty and Self-identification by Brand Personality in Airline Services", Korea Academic Society Of Tourism Management, 23(4), pp. 419-438, 2009.
  76. Bitner, M., "Evaluating Service Encounters: The Effects of Physical Surroundings and Employee Responses", Journal of Marketing, 54, pp. 69-82, 1990. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1251871
  77. Spinelli, M. A., & Canavos, G. C., "Investigating the relationship between employee satisfaction and guest satisfaction", Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly ,pp. 29-33, 2000. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001088040004100604
  78. I. Hwang, "Take promoting innovative activity site", LG Economic Research Institute, 756, 2003.
  79. B. Kim, J. Kim, "The Relationship of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment: Focusing on Mediation Effect of Organization Justice on Trust", Industrial innovation research, 28(4), pp. 211-239, 2012.
  80. J. Shin, "The future of the service science and service industries" STEPI, 167, pp. 26-39, 2007.
  81. J. Joo, G. Lee, S. Lim, "A Study on the employment structure analysis and policy direction of industry", KISDI, 2012.
  82. "A Survey on the Demand of IT Workforce", KISDI, 2007.
  83. S. Cha, "Comparison of Asian, North American and European Information Technology Personnel Turnover", Entrue Journal of Information Technology, 12(2), pp. 23-38, 2013.
  84. H. Woo, K. Hwang, "A Study on the Human Resource Practices and Turnover Intention of IT Professionals : Software Developers in Small and Medium IT Enterprises", Journal of Information Technology Applications & Management, 17(2), pp. 47-69, 2010.
  85. J. Yoon, H. Kim, "An Empirical Research on the Effects of Organizational Effectiveness in Core Factors of Knowledge Management", Korea Journal of Business Administration, 50, pp. 971-996, 2005