Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety (해양환경안전학회지)

The Korean Society of Marine Environment and safety (해양환경안전학회)
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Experimental Study on Structure Characteristics of Particulate Matter emitted from Ship at Various Sampling Conditions

다양한 샘플링 조건에 따른 선박 배기가스 내 입자상물질의 구조 특성에 관한 실험 연구

  • Lee, Won-Ju (Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology) ;
  • Jang, Se-Hyun (Division of Marine System Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University) ;
  • Kim, Sung-Yoon (Korea Marine Equipment Research Institute) ;
  • Kang, Mu-Kyoung (Korea Marine Equipment Research Institute) ;
  • Chun, Kang-Woo (Korean Register) ;
  • Cho, Kwon-Hae (Department of Offshore Plant Management, Korea Maritime and Ocean University) ;
  • Yoon, Seok-Hun (Division of Marine System Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University) ;
  • Choi, Jae-Hyuk (Division of Marine System Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University)
  • 이원주 (한국해양수산연수원) ;
  • 장세현 (한국해양대학교 기관시스템공학부) ;
  • 김성윤 (한국조선해양기자재연구원) ;
  • 강무경 (한국조선해양기자재연구원) ;
  • 천강우 (한국선급) ;
  • 조권회 (한국해양대학교 해양플랜트운영학과) ;
  • 윤석훈 (한국해양대학교 기관시스템공학부) ;
  • 최재혁 (한국해양대학교 기관시스템공학부)
  • Received : 2016.06.10
  • Accepted : 2016.08.29
  • Published : 2016.08.31
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Abstract

Black carbon (BC) contained in particulate matter (PM) originating from the exhaust gases of ships' diesel engines has been receiving great attention as a cause of glacial melting and warming in the polar regions. In this study, we took samples from various locations of PM emitted from the training ship (T/S) HANBADA's main engine, in cooperation with the Korea Maritime and Ocean University. We analyzed the structure and characteristics of these samples using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and applied our findings as fundamental research for developing PM reduction technology. We also employed our results to determine appropriate preemptive action to meet upcoming PM/BC regulations. In addition, we confirmed the emission trend of pollutants from exhaust gases under various engine operating conditions using an exhaust gas analyzer. Results obtained from the analysis of HR-TEM images showed that the structure of the PM is chain-like wispy agglomerates consisting of a number of individual spherical particles. As the sampling location was moved away from the turbo charger (T/C) towards the funnel, more condensates were observed at a low temperature and the molecular structure of the PM lost its characteristic BC structure as an amorphous structure gradually appeared. Furthermore, through the analysis of exhaust gases, we predicted a decrease in PM concentration in the exhaust stream as engine rpm increase.

선박용 디젤엔진 배기가스에 포함된 입자상물질(PM) 가운데서 블랙카본(BC)은 극지방의 해빙을 촉진시키고 온난화를 유발하는 원인물질로서 큰 주목을 받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 향후 예상되는 PM/BC 배출 규제에 선제적으로 대응하고, 저감기술 개발 및 실증을 위한 기초연구의 일환으로 한국해양대학교 실습선 한바다호를 이용하여 실제 운항 중에 주기관의 배기관 수 포인트에서 PM을 샘플링하여 HR-TEM을 통해 그 구조와 특성을 분석하였다. 또한 배기가스 분석기를 이용하여 운전조건별 배기가스 내 유해물질의 배출 경향을 확인하였다. 분석 결과 엔진에서 배출된 PM의 구조는 구형 입자들의 촘촘하지 않은 체인형 결합으로 이루어져 있으며, 과급기로부터 멀어질수록 온도 저하에 의한 응집이 더 많이 관찰되었고 BC 특유의 graphitic 구조를 잃어가면서 점점 amorphous 구조를 띠는 경향이 나타났다. 또한 배기가스 분석을 통해 엔진 회전수가 증가할수록 배기 내 PM의 농도는 감소할 것으로 예측되었다.

Keywords

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