Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society

The Korean Data and Information Science Society (한국데이터정보과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The effect of exercise on cognitive function in the elderly : A systematic review and meta-analysis

운동이 노인의 인지기능에 미치는 영향 : 체계적 문헌고찰 및 메타분석

  • Chung, Bok Yae (College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Han, Ji Young (Department of Nursing, Silla University)
  • Received : 2016.08.03
  • Accepted : 2016.09.18
  • Published : 2016.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of exercise on cognitive function in the elderly through a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. For the study purpose, 14 studies were selected through a systematic process of using several databases and 11 studies were used to estimate the effect size of exercise on cognitive function. Meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model, and the effect size on cognitive function was calculated. The effect size for cognitive function of exercise intervention was Hedges' g=1.05 (95% CI: 0.61~1.50), indicating a large effect size. For heterogeneity, moderator analysis was performed using intervention, number of times per week, intervention duration, and cognitive function measurement. Cognitive function measurement was statistically significant, the other moderators did not significant difference. Results support that exercise has significant positive effects on cognitive function in elderly in korea. It also provided a basis that can be applied to exercise intervention design for cognitive function.

본 연구는 65세 이상의 정상 노인을 대상으로 운동요법이 인지기능에 미치는 영향을 체계적 문헌고찰 및 메타분석을 통해 확인하고자 수행되었다. 본 연구는 국내 주요 DB를 이용하여 논문검색을 하였으며 3.197편 중 선정기준에 적합한 최종 14편의 논문을 체계적 문헌고찰하였으며 이 중 효과크기를 산출할 수 있는 11편을 대상으로 메타분석을 실시하였다. 분석은 랜덤효과모형을 이용하였으며, 운동중재의 효과크기를 산출하였다. 본 연구에서 운동중재의 인지기능에 대한 효과크기는 Hedges' g=1.05 (95% CI: 0.61~1.50)로 큰 효과크기를 보였으며, 전체 이질성이 $I^2=82.3%$ (Q=56.61, p<.001)로 중재방법, 주당 중재횟수, 중재기간, 측정도구를 조절변수로 하여 조절효과를 분석하였다. 분석결과 중재방법, 주당 중재횟수, 중재기간에서는 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 측정도구에서 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 우리나라 노인의 인지기능에 운동이 미치는 영향에 대한 국내연구결과들을 체계적으로 분석하고, 그 효과크기를 객관적으로 제시하여 향후 인지기능 향상을 위한 중재전략으로 운동요법을 설계할 때 기초자료를 제공하였다는 데에 의의가 있다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bae, H. Y., Kim, A. R., Nam, S. J., Youn, J. A., Youn, H. J., Kim, G. Y., Jang, D. H. and Kim, S. H. (2014). The influence of expectations regarding aging on health-promoting behaviors. Journal of the Korean Data & Information Science Society, 25, 77-85. https://doi.org/10.7465/jkdi.2014.25.1.77
  2. Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P. T. and Rothstein, H. R. (2009). Introduction to meta-analysis, John Wiley & Sons, West Sussex.
  3. Churchland, M. M. and Shenoy, K. V. (2007). Temporal complexity and heterogeneity of single-neuron activity in premotor and motor cortex. Journal of Neurophysiology, 97, 4235-4257. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00095.2007
  4. Colombe, S. and Kramer, A. G. (2003). Fitness effects on the cognitive function of older adults: A metaanalytic study. Psychological Science, 14, 125-130. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.t01-1-01430
  5. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral science, 2nd ed., Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, New Jersey.
  6. Cotman, C. W. and Berchtold, N. C. (2002). Exercise: A behavioral intervention to enhance brain health and plasticity. Trends Neuroscience, 25, 295-301. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-2236(02)02143-4
  7. Deeks, J. J., Higgins, J. T. P. and Altman, D. (Eds.) (2006). Analysing and presenting results. In Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, edited by J. P. T. Higgins and S. Green, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester.
  8. Hansen, A. L., Johnsen, B. H., Sollers III, J. J., Stenvik. K, K. and Thayer, J. F. (2004). Heart rate variability and its relation to prefrontal cognitive function: The effects of training and detraining. European of Applied Physiology, 93, 263-272. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-004-1208-0
  9. Higgins, J. P. T. and Green, S. (2011). Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of intervention version 5.1.0, The Cochrane Collaboration, London.
  10. Hhghes, P. L., Santomior, J. p. (1984). Effects of mastery swim skills in order adults' self efficacy, Reseach Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 55, 296-301.
  11. Hong, S. Y. (2013). Effects of multi-component exercise intervention on the physical and cognitive function of demented older patients: 24-week pilot study. Journal of the Korean Gerontological Society, 33, 257-273.
  12. Hong, Y. (2011). Effects of yoga combined with weight bearing resistance exercise on cardiovascular disease risk factors and cognitive function in elderly women. The Korean Journal of Sports Science, 20, 1421-1434.
  13. Kang, C. K., Kim, H. C. and Lee, M. G. (2008). Effects of 12 weeks of combined exercise traing on cardiopulmonary function and metabolic syndrome risk factors in elderly farmers. The Korean Journal of Physical Education, 47, 377-387.
  14. Kim, C. H., Lee, J. W., Han, S. I. and Lee, P. W. (2012). The effect of aquatic exercise program in elderly women on the cognitive function and alzheimer's disease dementia factor. The Korean Journal of Physical Education, 51, 627-637.
  15. Kim, N. S. (2010). Effect of recreational exercise on cognition, depression, dynamic balance and long strength in elderly women. Journal of the Korea Contents Association, 10, 373-380.
  16. Kim, S. W. and Yoo, H. S. (2013). Effects of chronic aerobic exercise on cognitive function of older adults -an examination of P300-. The Korean Journal of Sports Science, 22, 411-428.
  17. Kim, Y. C., Kim, Y, S., Yang, J. O., Lee, B. J. and Lee, J. S. (2013). Effects of aerobic exercise on body composition and blood lipid in the middle-aged women. Journal of the Korean Data & Information Science Society, 24, 1241-1251. https://doi.org/10.7465/jkdi.2013.24.6.1241
  18. Kwon, T. W. and Cho, M. S. (2014). A study on the effect of regular exercise on the old's recognition function and short-term memory .The Korean Journal of Sports Science, 23, 1349-1357.
  19. Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B. and Loring, D. W.(2004). Neuropsychological assessment, 4th Ed., Oxford University Press, New York.
  20. Littell, J. H., Corcoran, J. and Pallai, V.(2008). Systematic reviews and meta-analysis, Oxford University Press, New York.
  21. Oh, Y. S., Shin, Y. J. and Han, K. S.(2007). The effects of exercise program for physical fitness, mental health and cognitive function in the elderly. The Korean Journal of Growth and Development, 15, 295-302.
  22. Park, M. J. (2011). The cognition, balance, and quality of life in the elderly. Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science, 13, 185-192.
  23. Phillip, P. and Todd, S. E. (2003). The scientific and clinical application of elastic resistance, Human Kinetics, Illinois.
  24. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analysis (PRISMA). Available from http://www.prisma-statement.org/news.aspx.
  25. Shin, M. K. and Shin, S. J. (2008). Effects of group exercise program tailored by physical fitness on perceived health status, physical strength, depression and cognitive function of the elderly. Korean Journal of Adult Nursing, 20, 613-625.
  26. Shin, M. K. (2009). Effects of an exercise program on frontal lobe cognitive function in elders. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing ,39, 107-115 https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.1.107
  27. Shin, W. T. (2015). Effects of type of exercise on cognitive function and vascular dementia related factors in elderly women. The Korean Journal of Growth and Development, 23, 83-90.
  28. Shon, J. H. and Yoo, H. S.(2010). Effects of chronic exercise on cognitive function and depression in elderly women, Korean Journal of Sports Psychology, 21, 183-195.
  29. Spina, R. J., Ogawa, T., Miler, T. R., Kohrt, W. M. and Ehsani, A. A. (1993). Effect of exercise training on left ventricular performance in older women free of cardiopulmonary disease, American Journal of Cardiology, 7, 99-104.
  30. Tomporowski, P. D. (2003). Efeects of acute bouts of exercise on cognition, Acta Psychologica, 112, 297-324. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-6918(02)00134-8

Cited by

  1. The Study of Relation between Cognition Function and Motor Skill in Elderly Women vol.24, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.17006/kjapa.2016.24.4.89
  2. 노인의 사회인구학적 특성과 신체활동유형에 따른 인지기능, 우울 및 삶의 질 vol.8, pp.12, 2016, https://doi.org/10.15207/jkcs.2017.8.12.431
  3. 노인의 건강관련체력과 인지기능 및 고립감의 관계 vol.9, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.15207/jkcs.2018.9.4.285
  4. 노인의 운동참여, 근육량, 근력 및 인지기능과의 관련성 vol.9, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.15207/jkcs.2018.9.5.219
  5. 농촌 노인을 위한 보건진료소 중심의 포괄적 건강증진 프로그램의 효과 검증 vol.14, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.22715/jkarhn.2019.14.2.30