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Analysis of inquiry activities in the life science chapters of middle school 'science' textbooks: Focusing on Science Process Skills and 8 Scientific Practices

중학교 과학교과서 생명과학 단원의 탐구 활동 분석: 과학탐구 기능과 8가지 과학 실천을 중심으로

  • Received : 2017.10.16
  • Accepted : 2017.12.07
  • Published : 2017.12.31

Abstract

In this study, we analyzed activities in life science chapters of middle school 'science' textbooks for the 2009 revised Korea national curriculum and examined the difference between the analysis based on scientific practices and the analysis based on inquiry skills. As a results, there was a lot of inquiry skills in the order of 'reasoning', 'observing', 'classification' in the all of grade. In scientific practices, 'data analysis and interpretation' and 'constructing explanations and devising problem solving' were biased. This shows that life science inquiry activities in middle school 'science' textbooks are lacking in diversity in scientific practice elements as well as inquiry skills, and that the goals of the activities are limited. In addition, through the interrelationships between scientific inquiry skills and scientific practice elements, we examined contents relevance in the transition from inquiry function center to scientific practice, and compared with the results of inquiry activities in textbook, The results of this study were matched monotonously due to the tendency to basic inquiry-data interpretation / basic inquiry-explanation. This comes from results of the lack of diversity in activities presented in middle school 'science' textbooks. In this study, it is suggested that efforts should be made to include diverse scientific practice elements in the process of realizing 2015 revised Korea national curriculum from the simple and diversity-less inquiry activity through analyzing the textbooks of the 2009 revised Korea national curriculum.

본 연구에서는 2009개정 교육과정의 중학교 과학교과서에 포함된 탐구 활동이 기존 과학교육에서 강조되어왔던 탐구 기능과 구체적 학생 활동이 강조되는 NGSS의 8가지 과학 실천 측면에서 상호 분석되었을 때 어떤 특성을 나타내는지 생명과학 단원을 중심으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과 학년 구분 없이 탐구 기능에서는 '추리', 관찰', '분류' 순으로 많이 치중되었고, 과학 실천에서는 '자료 분석하고 해석하기'와 '설명구성하고 문제해결 고안하기'에 치우쳐 있었다. 이를 통해 중학교 교과서 내 생명과학 탐구 활동이 탐구 기능뿐만 아니라 과학 실천 요소에서도 다양성이 부족하며 제시하는 활동의 목표가 한정적이라는 것을 보여주었다. 또한 과학탐구 기능과 과학 실천 요소 각 상호 매칭작업을 통해 탐구 기능 중심에서 과학 실천으로의 이행 시 내용 관련성을 검토하고 교과서의 탐구 활동에서 보이는 결과와 비교 분석한 결과 사전 매칭분석에 비해 교과서 내 탐구 활동의 결과가 대체적으로 기초탐구-자료해석/기초탐구-설명고안에 치우쳐 있어서 단조롭게 매칭 되었다. 이는 교과서에 제시된 활동내용의 다양성이 부족함을 보여주는 결과라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 2009개정 교육과정의 교과서 분석을 통해 단순하고 다양성이 부족한 탐구 활동에서 벗어나 2015개정 교육과정을 구현해나가는 과정에 다양한 과학 실천 요소를 포함시키도록 하는 노력이 절실하게 요구됨을 제언한다.

Keywords

References

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