Journal of Digital Convergence (디지털융복합연구)

The Society of Digital Policy and Management (한국디지털정책학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Experiences of Smartphone Addiction among University Students

대학생의 스마트폰 중독 경험

  • Jin, Juhye (Department of Nursing, University of Ulsan)
  • Received : 2016.12.06
  • Accepted : 2017.02.20
  • Published : 2017.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The high rates of smartphone usage among younger people and the negative impacts are well-known, but there remains a paucity of qualitative research on the topic. This study was designed to explore the experiences of university students addicted to smartphones. The author conducted in-depth individual interviews with 17 university students who scored in the upper 5th percentile on a smartphone addiction scale. All interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Students with a smartphone addiction were trapped in a vicious cycle. More specifically, they were "Realizing something was wrong with withdrawal symptoms," "Having negative consequences," "Seeking escape," and "Staying addicted." This study helped participating students realize their addiction and disclose their emotional and interpersonal difficulties related to their smartphone use. These understandings may be used to refine and further develop school-based programs to better help those addicted to smartphones to recover.

청소년 및 성인기 초기 연령의 스마트폰 사용자는 급증하였고, 과다 사용으로 인한 부정적인 영향이 다양하게 연구되고 있다. 그렇지만 질적 연구를 통한 접근은 여전히 소수에 불과하다. 이에 본 연구는 스마트폰 사용이 일상화된 대학생을 대상으로 스마트폰 중독 경험을 탐색하고자 시도되었다. 스마트폰 중독 척도를 이용하여 중독자를 선별하였고, 고위험군 중에서 최종 17명이 본 연구에 참여하였다. 일대일 심층 면접을 통해 자료를 수집하였고, 모든 면담은 녹음과 녹취 과정을 거쳐 질적 내용분석 방법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 도출된 주요 범주는 '중독의 악순환'으로, 세부 범주는 금단 증상의 자각, 다양한 부정적 결과 경험, 중독으로부터 탈출 시도, 중독된 현실에 안주함 이었다. 대학생 스마트폰 중독자는 연구 참여를 통해 중독의 심각성을 깨달았으며, 스마트폰 사용과 관련된 정서적, 대인관계적 어려움을 토로하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 하여 대학생 스마트폰 중독자들을 이해하고, 중독으로부터 회복될 수 있도록 돕는 학교 기반 프로그램을 개선, 개발해야 할 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Trend Spectrum. Mobile Trend in the first half of 2016, DIGIECO, Issue & Trend 2016, http://www.digieco.co.kr/KTFront/report/report_issue_trend_view.action?board_seq=11047&board_id=issue_trend, November 14, 2016.
  2. Korean Statistical Information Service, 2013 Smartphone addiction, Statistics Korea, 2015, http://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=127&tblId=DT_12019_B000B&vw_cd=MT_ZTITLE&list_id=110_12019_VVV&conn_path=F0&path=, November 14, 2016.
  3. S. Y. Park, G. Im, "Suggestions for building 'Smart Campus' based on case studies on the effectiveness of instructions with Smart-Pads. Journal of Digital Convergence", Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 1-12, 2012. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDPM.2012.10.3.001
  4. H. Y. Kang, C. H. Park, "Development and validation of the smartphone addiction inventory. Korean Journal of Psychology: General", Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 563-580, 2012.
  5. Yong-Min Park, "A study on adults' smartphone addiction and mental health." Master's thesis, p. 6, Sangji University, 2011.
  6. M. J. Lee, K. S. Ko, "A qualitative study based on features of smartphone use by university students. Journal of Digital Convergence", Vol. 11, No. 9, pp. 301-310, 2013. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDPM.2013.11.9.301
  7. J. Y. Yun, J. S. Moon, M. J. Kim, Y. J. Kim, H. A. Kim, B. L. Huh, J. U. Kim, S. Y. Chung, J. E. Chung, H. J. Chung, E. H. Lee, J. H. Choi, S. Y. Hong, J. Y. Bae, H. J. Park, H. J. Hong, "Smartphone addiction and health problem in university student. Journal of Korean Association for Crisis and Emergency Management", Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 92-104, 2011.
  8. National Information Society Agency, A study on features and intervention strategies of smart-media addiction (Report No.: NIA IV-RER-12090), National Information Society Agency, 2012.
  9. H. J. Dan, N. H. Bae, C. M. Koo, X. Wu, M. Y. Kim, "Relationship of smartphone addiction to physical symptoms and psychological well-being among nursing students: Mediating effect of Internet ethics. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration", Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 277-286, 2015. https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2015.21.3.277
  10. K. G. Im, S. J. Hwang, M. A. Choi, N. R. Seo, J. N. Byun, "The correlation between smartphone addiction and psychiatric symptoms in college students. Journal of Korean Society of School Health", Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 124-131, 2013.
  11. H. J. Kang, "The relationships among smartphone use, mental health, and physical health: Focusing on smartphone uses' attitudes. Journal of Digital Convergence", Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 484-489, 2016.
  12. K. E. Lee, S. H. Kim, T. Y. Ha, Y. M. Yoo, J. J. Han, J. H. Jung, J. Y. Jang, "Dependency on smartphone use and its association with anxiety in Korea. Public Health Report", Vol. 131, No. 3, pp. 411-419, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1177/003335491613100307
  13. M. D. Griffiths, "Technological addictions. Clinical Psychology Forum", Vol. 76, pp. 14-19, 1995.
  14. K. S. Young, "Internet Addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyber- Psychology and Behavior", Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 237-244, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.1998.1.237
  15. S. Haug, R. P. Castro, M. Kwon, A. Filler, T. Kowatsch, M. P. Schaub, "Smartphone use and smartphone addiction among young people in Switzerland. Journal of Behavioral Addictions", Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 299-307, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.4.2015.037
  16. M. O. Yu, S. J. Ju, J. H. Kim, "A study on smartphone addiction, mental health and impulsiveness for high school students at Korea. Journal of Digital Convergence", Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 409-418, 2014. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2014.12.4.409
  17. K. Demirci, M. Akgonul, A. Akpinar, " Relationship of smartphone use severity with sleep quality, depression, and anxiety in university students. Journal of Behavioral Addictions", Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 85-92, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.4.2015.010
  18. H, J. Kim, J. Y. Rha, "Is smartphone smart for everybody? A study of smartphone user typology. Journal of Digital Convergence", Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 37-47, 2015. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2015.13.1.37
  19. S. S. Han, K. S. Oh, "A study on cellular phone addiction symptom dependent on interpersonal relationship types and using inclination: Focus on the case of undergraduates. Korean Association for Broadcasting & Telecommunication Studies", Vol. 20, pp. 371-405, 2006.
  20. S. Cassidy, "Using social identity to explore the link between a decline in adolescent smoking and an increase in mobile phone use. Health Education", Vol. 106, pp. 238-250, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1108/09654280610658578
  21. M. D. Griffiths, D. J. Kuss, J. Billieux, H. M. Pontes, "The evolution of Internet addiction: A global perspective. Addictive Behaviors", Vol. 53, pp. 193-195, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.11.001
  22. J. L. Han, G. H. Hur, "Construction and validation of mobile phone addiction scale. Korean Journal of Journalism and Communication Studies", Vol. 48, No. 6, pp. 138-165, 2004.
  23. D. I. Kim, Y. J. Chung, J. Y. Lee, M. C. Kim, Y. H. Lee, E. B. Kang, C. M. Keum, J. E. Nam, "Development of smartphone addiction proneness scale for adults: Self-report. Korea Journal of Counseling", Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 629-644, 2012. https://doi.org/10.15703/kjc.13.2.201204.629
  24. S. Elo, H. Kyngas, "The qualitative content analysis process. Journal of Advanced Nursing", Vol. 62, No. 1, pp. 107-115, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04569.x
  25. E. G. Guba, "Criteria for assessing the trustworthiness of naturalistic inquiries. Educational Communication and Technology Journal", Vol. 29, pp. 75-92, 1981.
  26. H. G. Lee, "Exploration of the predicting variables affecting the addictive mobile phone use. Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology", Vol. 22, pp. 133-157, 2008.
  27. D. Kaptsis, D. L. King, P. H. Delfabbro, M. Gradisar, "Withdrawal symptoms in internet gaming disorder: A systematic review. Clinical Psychology Review", Vol. 43, pp. 59-66, 2016.
  28. A. Blaszezynsk, Z. Steel, N. McConaghy, "Impulsivity in pathological gambling: The antisocial impulsivity. Addiction", Vol. 92, No. 1, pp. 75-87, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1997.tb03639.x
  29. M. K. Cho, "The relationships among smartphone use motivations, addiction, and self-control in nursing students. Journal of Digital Convergence", Vol. 12, No. 5, pp. 311-323, 2014. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2014.12.5.311
  30. W. Li, J. E. O'Brien, S. M. Snyder, M. O. Howard, "Characteristics of internet addiction/ pathological internet use in U.S. university students: A qualitative-method investigation. PLoS ONE", Vol. 10, No. 2, e0117372, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117372