Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Determination of the Origin in both Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen and Phytoplankton at the Lake Paldang using Stable Isotope Ratios (δ13C, δ15N, δ15N-NO3 and δ15N-NH4)

질산염 및 식물플랑크톤의 안정동위원소비를 이용한 팔당호 수계내의 질소원 기원 연구

  • Kim, Min-Seob (Environmental Measurement & Analysis Center, NIER) ;
  • Lee, Eun-Jeong (Han-River Environment Research Center, NIER) ;
  • Yoon, Suk-Hee (Environmental Measurement & Analysis Center, NIER) ;
  • Lim, Bo-La (Environmental Measurement & Analysis Center, NIER) ;
  • Park, Jaeseon (Environmental Measurement & Analysis Center, NIER) ;
  • Park, Hyunwoo (Environmental Measurement & Analysis Center, NIER) ;
  • Chung, Hyen-Mi (Fundamental Environment Research Department, NIER) ;
  • Choi, Jong-Woo (Environmental Measurement & Analysis Center, NIER)
  • 김민섭 (국립환경과학원 환경측정분석센터) ;
  • 이은정 (국립환경과학원 한강물환경연구소) ;
  • 윤숙희 (국립환경과학원 환경측정분석센터) ;
  • 임보라 (국립환경과학원 환경측정분석센터) ;
  • 박재선 (국립환경과학원 환경측정분석센터) ;
  • 박현우 (국립환경과학원 환경측정분석센터) ;
  • 정현미 (국립환경과학원 환경기반연구부) ;
  • 최종우 (국립환경과학원 환경측정분석센터)
  • Received : 2017.12.12
  • Accepted : 2017.12.31
  • Published : 2017.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The nitrogen isotope value in both ammonium and nitrate ion were determined at 9 stations during both June and August 2016, in order to understand the origin of DIN at the Han river. ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_3$ and ${\delta}^{15}N-NH_4$ values in 8 stations (CP, SB, MHC, P4, SJ, SBC, P2, SC) were no significant variation. However ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_3$ and ${\delta}^{15}N-NH_4$ values in KK (Kyeongan stream) showed significant different in comparison with 8 stations, with an apparent increase of nitrogen isotope values. These results indicate that antropogenic nitrogen source influence on KK station. Also the ${\delta}^{13}C$ and ${\delta}^{15}N$ isotope ratio of phytoplankton (Diatom and Cyanobacteria) in KK (Kyeongan stream) showed heavier values, compared to other study stations. These results indicate that nitrogen isotope value in phytoplankton effects by different nitrogen source in study sites. These results suggest that the analysis of stable isotope ratios is a simple but useful tool for the identification of dissolved inorganic nitrogen origin in aquatic environments.

본 연구는 암모니아성 질소 및 질산성 질소의 안정동위원소 분석방법을 적용하여, 호소 내 식물플랑크톤 성장에 영향을 미치는 외부 오염원의 기원을 추정함으로써, 효율적인 수질 관리 및 수생태계 기능해석 지원기능을 제공하기 위하여 연구하였다. 남한강, 북한강, 팔당호 지역에 비해서 경안천 지역의 유기물 기원이 뚜렷하게 차이를 보이며, 외부기원 유기물이 높은 영향을 미치는 것으로 여겨진다. 또한 식물플랑크톤(규조류, 남조류)이 자생기원 보다는 외부기원 질소원을 활용하고 있음을 확인하였다. 한강 유역에서 암모니아성 질소 및 질산성 질소의 안정동위원소비를 이용한 유기물 기원 연구는 적용가능 할 것으로 여겨지며, 식물플랑크톤의 탄소 및 질소 동위원소비를 활용하여 그 거동을 추정할 수 있었다. 추후 유역 오염원의 대표 값(end member)의 지속적인 조사를 통하여 자료구축이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Choi, W.J., G.H. Han., H.M. Ro., S.H. Yoo and S.M. Lee. 2002. Evaluation of nitrate contamination sources of unconfined groundwater in the North Han River basin of Korea using nitrogen isotope ratios. Geosciences Journal 6: 47-55. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02911335
  2. Choi, Y.J., J.W. Jung., W.J. Choi., K.S. Yoon., D.H. Choi., S.S. Lim., J.H. Jeong., B.J. Lim and N.M. Chang. 2011. Estimation of pollution sources of Oenam watershed in Juam lake using nitrogen concentration and isotope analysis. Journal of Korean Society on Water Quality 27: 467-474.
  3. Costanzo, S.D., M.J. O'Donohue, W.C. Dennison, N.R. Loneragan and M. Thomas. 2001. A new approach for detecting and mapping sewage impacts. Marine Pollution Bulletin 42: 149-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(00)00125-9
  4. Fry, B. 1988. Food web structure on Georges Bank from stable C, N, and S isotopic compositions. Limnology and Oceanography 33: 1182-1190. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1988.33.5.1182
  5. Gal, J.K., M.S. Kim, Y.J. Lee, J.W. Seo and K.H. Shin. 2012. Foodweb of aquatic ecosystem within the Tamjinriverthrough the determination of carbon and nitrogen stableisotope ratio. Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment 45(2): 242-251.
  6. Hargrave, W.J. 1991. Water Fit to Drink. BCWWA Seminar, Burnaby, B.C., 1991, Feburary 25-26.
  7. Holmes, R.M., J.W. McClelland, D.M. Sigman, B. Fry and B.J. Peterson. 1998. Measuring $^{15}N-NH_4{^+}$ in marine, estuarine and fresh waters: An adaptation of the ammonia diffusion method for samples with low ammonium concentrations. Marine Chemistry 60: 235-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(97)00099-6
  8. Kellman, L.M and C. Hillaire-Marcel. 2003. Evaluation of nitrogen isotopes as indicators of nitrate contamination sources in an agricultural watershed. Agriculture Ecosystem and Environment 95: 87-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(02)00168-8
  9. Kim, J.K., B.C. Kim, S.M. Jung, C.G. Jang, M.S. Shin and Y.Y. Lee. 2007. The distribution of DOM and POM and the composition of stable carbon isotopes in streams of agricultural and forest watershed located in the Han river system, Korea. Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment 40(1): 93-102.
  10. Kim, M.S., J.Y. Hwang, B.K. Kim, H.S. Cho, S.J. Youn, S.Y. Hong, W.S. Lee, O.S. Kwon and J.M. Kim. 2014. Determination of the origin of particulate organic matter at the lake Paldang using stable isotope ratios. Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment 47(2): 127-134. https://doi.org/10.11614/KSL.2014.47.2.127
  11. Kim, M.S., T.J. Park, S.H. Yoon, B.R. Lim, K.H. Shin, O.S. Kwon and W.S. Lee. 2015. Introduction of Kjeldahl Digestion method for nitrogen stable isotope analysis and case study for tracing nitrogen source. Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment 48(3): 147-152. https://doi.org/10.11614/KSL.2015.48.3.147
  12. Kim, M.S., W.S. Lee, K.S. Kumar, K.H. Shin, W. Robarge, M.S. Kim and S.R. Lee. 2016. Effects of HCl pretreatment, drying and storage on the stable isotope ratios of soil and sediment samples. Rapid Communication Mass Spectrometry 30: 1567-1575. https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.7600
  13. Kim, M.S., Y.J. Lee, K.G. An, B.H. Kim, S.J. Hwang and K.H. Shin. 2014. Allochthonous organic matter contribution to foodweb in Shingu Agricultural reservoir after rainfall period. Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment 47(1): 53-61. https://doi.org/10.11614/KSL.2014.47.1.053
  14. Kohl, D.H., G.B. Shearer and B. Commoner. 1971. Fertilizer nitrogen: Contribution to nitrate in surface water in a corn belt watershed. Science 74: 1331-1334.
  15. Kong, D.S. 1993. Ecological study of Paldandlake. Ph. D Thesis. Korea Univiersity.
  16. Lee, Y.J., B.K. Jeong, Y.S. Shin, S.H. Kim and K.H. Shin. 2013. Determination of the Origin of particulate origin matter at the estuary of Youngsan River using stable isotope ratios (${\delta}^{13}C$, ${\delta}^{15}N$). Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment 46(2): 175-184. https://doi.org/10.11614/KSL.2013.46.2.175
  17. Lee, Y.J., S.G. Hong, M.S. Kim, D.H. Kim, B.H. Choi, J. Hur, J.S. Khim and K.H. Shin. 2014. Identification of sources and seasonal variability of organic matter in Lake Sihwa and surrounding inland creeks, South Korea. Chemosphere 177: 109-119.
  18. Martin, D.F. and M.H. Gonzalez. 1978. Effects of salinity on synthesis of DNA, acidic polysaccharide, and growth in the blue-green alga Gomphosphaeria aponina. Water Research 12: 951-955. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(78)90078-7
  19. Min, J.H., S.T. Yun, K. Kim, H.S. Kim and D.J. Kim. 2003. Geologic controls on the chemical behaviour of nitrate in riverside alluvial aquifers Korea. Hydrological Processes 30: 1197-1211.
  20. Oren, O., Y. Yechieli, J.K. Bohlke and A. Dody 2004. Contamination of groundwater under cultivated fields in an arid environment, Central Arava Valley, Israel. Journal of Hydrology 290(3/4): 312-328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.12.016
  21. Paerl, H.W., R.S. Fulton 3rd, P.H. Moisander and J. Dyble. 2001. Harmful freshwater algal blooms, with an emphasis on cyanobacteria. Scientific World Journal 1: 76-113. https://doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2001.138
  22. Shin, J.K., J.L. Cho, S.J. Hwang and K.J. Cho. 2000. Eutrophication and water pollution characteristics of the Kyongan stream to Paldang reservoir. Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment 33(4): 387-394.
  23. Shin, J.K., S.J. Hwang, C.K. Kang and H.S. Kim. 2003. Limonlogical characteristics of the river-type Paldang reservoir, Korea: hydrological and environmental factors. Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment 36(3): 242-256.
  24. Sigman, D.M., M.A. Altabet, R. Michener, D.C. McCorkle, B. Fry and R.M. Holmes. 1997. Natural abundance-level measurement of the nitrogen isotopic composition of oceanic nitrate: an adaptation of the ammonia diffusion method. Marine Chemistry 57: 227-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(97)00009-1
  25. Sinonen, K. and G. Jones. 1999. Cyanobacterialtoxins. pp. 41-111. In: Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water (Chorus, I. and J. Bartram, eds.). WHO, Geneva.
  26. Smith S.J., J.S. Schepers and L.K. Porter. 1990. Assessing and managing agricultural nitrogen losses to the environment. Advance in Soil Science 14: 1-43.
  27. Suikkanen, S., H. Kaartokallio, S. Hallfors, M. Huttunen and M. Laamanen. 2010. Life cycle strategies of bloom-forming, filamentous cyanobacteria in the Baltic Sea. Deep-Sea Research II 57: 199-209.
  28. Van Apeldoorn, M.E., H.P. van Egmond, G.J.A. Speijers and G.J.I. Bakker. 2007. Toxins of cyanobacteria. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research 51: 7-60 https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.200600185
  29. Watson, S.B. 2004. Aquatic taste and odor: a primary signal of drinking-water integrity. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 67: 1779-1795. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390490492377
  30. Watson, S.B., M. Charlton, Y.R. Rao, T. Howell, J. Ridal, B. Brownlee, C. Marvin and S. Millard. 2007. Off flavours in large waterbodies: physics, chemistry and biology in synchrony. Water Science and Technology 55: 1-8.