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Lowered Substrate pH Reduced the Bicarbonate Injury during Vegetative Growth of 'Ssanta' Strawberry

혼합상토의 pH 저하가 영양생장 중인 '싼타' 딸기의 중탄산 피해 경감에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Hee Su (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Cheung, Jong Do (Seongju Korean Melon Fruit Vegetable Research Institute) ;
  • Choi, Jong Myung (Department of Horticultural Sciences, Chungnam National University)
  • 이희수 (국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 정종도 (경북성주참외과채류연구소) ;
  • 최종명 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 원예학과)
  • Received : 2017.02.07
  • Accepted : 2017.03.20
  • Published : 2017.04.30

Abstract

Objective of this research was to investigate the influence of lowered substrate pH on the reduction of bicarbonate injury in the vegetative growth of 'Ssanta' strawberry. The acid substrate was formulated by mixing sphagnum peat moss with pine bark (5:5, v/v) and the pH, EC, and CEC of the substrate were 4.07, $0.46dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, and $91.3cmol^+{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, respectively. To adjust the pH of acid substrate, various amount of dolomitic lime [$CaMg(CO_3)_2$] were incorporated with the rate of 0 (untreated), 1, 2, 3, and $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$. Then, mother plants were transplanted and grown with fertilizer solution containing $240mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ of the $HCO_3{^-}$ and equal concentrations of essential nutrients to Hoagland solution. In growth of 'Ssanta' strawberry, fresh weight of mother plants were the highest in the treatment of $2g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ dolomitic lime such as 102.1 g followed by 94.7 g in $1g{\cdot}L^{-1}$, 91.2 g in $3g{\cdot}L^{-1}$, 75.7 g in $0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and 72.3 g in $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatments. The dry weight showed a similar tendency to fresh weight. At 140 days after transplanting, 5.8, 9.8, 11.8, 8.8, and 5.0 daughter plants were derived from each of the mother plants in the treatments of 0, 1, 2, 3, and $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ dolomitic lime, respectively. The highest occurrence of daughter plants were observed in the treatments $2g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ dolomitic lime. The substrate pH and bicarbonate concentration of 'Ssanta' strawberry seedlings in the 1 and $2g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ dolomitic lime treatments were maintained at a proper range such as 5.6 to 6.2. The micro-nutrient contents of above ground tissue in mother plants were the highest in $2g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and the lowest in $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ dolomitic lime treatment. The above results indicate that incorporation rate of dolomitic lime in acid substrate with the pH of around 4 is $2g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ to raise the 'Ssanta' strawberry in propagation.

중탄산이 고농도인 수경재배용 원수의 피해를 경감시키기 위한 목적으로 혼합상토의 pH를 조절할 때 영양번식중인 '싼타' 딸기의 생장에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 연구수행을 위해 피트모스와 수피를 5:5(v/v)로 혼합한 산성상토를 조제하였고, 조제된 상토의 pH를 교정하기 위해 혼합하는 고토석회 [$CaMg(CO_3)_2$]의 양을 0(무처리), 1, 2, 3 및 $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$로 조절하였다. 이 후 중탄산 농도가 $240mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$로 조절된 Hoagland 용액을 공급하면서 모주와 자묘의 생육, 상토의 화학성 변화, 그리고 식물체의 무기원소 함량을 조사 및 분석하였다. '싼타' 딸기의 모주 생체중은 고토석회 $2g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리구에서 102.1g으로 가장 무거웠고, $1g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리, 94.7g, $3g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리, 91.2g, $0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리, 75.4g, $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리, 72.3g 처리 순으로 가벼워졌으며, 건물중도 생체중과 같은 경향이었다. 모주당 발생한 자묘수는 고토석회 0, 1, 2, 3 및 $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리구에서 각각 5.8, 9.8, 11.8, 8.8 및 5.0개체였으며, 고토석회를 $2g{\cdot}L^{-1}$로 혼합한 처리구에서 자묘 발생이 가장 많았다. '싼타' 딸기 모주를 재배하면서 측정한 상토의 pH 는 고토석회 1 및 $2g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리구에서 5.6-6.2의 적정 범위에 포함되었고, 3 및 $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리구는 이보다 높았다. 모주의 지상부 무기물 함량은 고토석회 $2g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리구에서 가장 많았으며, $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리구에서 Fe, Mn, Zn 및 Cu의 미량원소 함량이 감소하고 모주 및 자묘에 이들 원소의 결핍증상이 발생하였다. 이상의 내용을 종합할 때 원수의 중탄산 농도가 높아 발생하는 피해를 경감하기 위해서는 pH가 약 4인 산성 상토를 조제한 후 기비로서 고토석회를 2g 혼합한 후 '싼타' 딸기를 육묘하는 것이 바람직하다고 판단하였다.

Keywords

References

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