Journal of Conservation Science (보존과학회지)

The Korean Society Of Conservation Science For Cultural Heritage (한국문화재보존과학회)
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A Study on Conservation and Material Characteristics of Outdoor Bronze Sculpture : Kim Chan Shik's 'Feeling'

야외 청동 조각작품의 보존과 재질특성 연구 - 김찬식 '정(情)'을 중심으로 -

  • Kwon, Hee Hong (Department of Conservation and Art Bank, National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art) ;
  • Kim, Ye Seung (Conservation Science Division, Seoul Baekje Museum) ;
  • Kim, Beom Jun (Conservation Science Division, Gyeonggi Institite of Cultural Properties) ;
  • Choi, Nam Young (Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Science, Kongju National University) ;
  • Park, Hye Sun (Department of Conservation and Art Bank, National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art) ;
  • Kim, Jung Suk (ArtTec Conservation)
  • 권희홍 (국립현대미술관 작품보존미술은행관리과) ;
  • 김예승 (한성백제박물관 보존과학실) ;
  • 김범준 (경기문화재연구원 보존과학실) ;
  • 최남영 (공주대학교 문화재보존과학과) ;
  • 박혜선 (국립현대미술관 작품보존미술은행관리과) ;
  • 김정석 ((주)아트텍 보존 연구소)
  • Received : 2016.11.05
  • Accepted : 2017.06.07
  • Published : 2017.06.20
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Abstract

As interest in the public display of art and outdoor sculptures is increasing, the conservation and treatment of these sculptures is becoming increasingly crucial. Long-term exposure to the natural elements and atmospheric pollution can cause corrosion and deterioration in outdoor sculptures. In the case of Kim Chan Shik's "Feeling", which was exhibited in the outdoor sculpture park at the National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art (MMCA), the patina of the sculpture was damaged during a long outdoor exhibition. Therefore, the treatment process was as follows: recording of condition, sanding, repatination, and wax coating. Consequently, the sculpture was restored similar to the original. Chemical analysis revealed that the sculpture was crafted from bronze and was cast from a quaternary alloy of Cu-Pb-Sn-Zn. The welding is lower in Zn, Sn, and Pb content than the metal used in the sculpture itself. Bright strains contain about 13.0 wt% Sn and 10.5 wt% Pb. The strains are higher in Sn and Pb content than the rest of the metal in the sculpture (7.0 wt% Sn and 4.4 wt% Pb). As a result of component analysis and microstructure observation, the material is estimated to have been made by casting without artificial treatment.

공공 예술 조각품과 야외 조형물에 대한 관심과 함께 미술품 보존 관리의 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 야외 조각작품의 경우, 장기간 대기 중에 노출되어 대기오염물과 자연재해 등의 이유로 부식과 열화 등의 손상이 발생하게 되는데, 국립현대미술관 야외조각공원에 전시중인 김찬식의 '정' 역시 부식으로 인해 작품표면의 파티나층이 손상되었다. 따라서 상태조사, 표면연마, 재파티네이션, 왁스코팅 등의 보존처리를 진행하였으며, 그 결과 원형에 가까운 복원을 이룰 수 있었다. 작품의 재질특성에 대한 분석 결과, 구리, 주석, 아연, 납으로 주조된 미술 공예용 청동임을 확인하였다. 작품 표면연마 후 관찰되는 용접, 균열, 밝은 얼룩의 재질 특성 중, 용접부위는 바탕금속보다 구리를 제외한 나머지 주요원소의 함량이 비교적 적은 경향을 보였으며, 밝은 얼룩은 주석과 납의 함량이 13.0 wt%, 10.5 wt%로 바탕금속(주석: 7.0 wt%, 납: 4.4wt%)보다 높게 측정되었다. 또한 미세조직 관찰결과, 작품의 제작은 열처리를 비롯한 인위적인 가공이 가해지지 않은 주조기법이 사용된 것으로 추정되었다.

Keywords

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