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The Effects of Critical Thinking Disposition and Problem Solving Ability on the Work Performance Assessment of Dental Hygienists

치과위생사의 비판적 사고 성향과 문제 해결 능력이 직무 수행 능력에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Ji-Eun (Department of Dental Hygiene, Namseoul University, General Graduate School) ;
  • Lee, Su-Young (Department of Dental Hygiene, Namseoul University) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Jin (Department of Dental Hygiene, Namseoul University, General Graduate School)
  • 이지은 (남서울대학교 일반대학원 치위생학과) ;
  • 이수영 (남서울대학교 치위생학과) ;
  • 김현진 (남서울대학교 일반대학원 치위생학과)
  • Received : 2017.04.17
  • Accepted : 2017.06.13
  • Published : 2017.08.31

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to improve work performance conducted at an actual clinical site by determining the relationship among critical thinking disposition, problem solving ability, and work performance. In this study, 335 dental hygienists completed self-administered survey. Final analysis was conducted with a total of 331 responses, excluding 4 questionnaire with unreliable responses and non-responses. The results indicated that as the age, educational background, and work experience of the subjects increased, their critical thinking disposition and problem solving ability scores increased and were statistically significant. For work performance, average total score was high for age, educational background and work experience, but only age and work experience were statistically significant. Critical thinking disposition, problem solving ability and work performance of the subject were relevant, and all of them were significant. Work performance was also influenced indirectly by mediating problem solving ability in critical thinking disposition. In other words, both direct and indirect effects were significant, and the existence of partial moderating effect was verified. Thus, in order to improve work performance of dental hygienists, a multilevel educational process that can simultaneously improve critical thinking disposition and problem solving ability of dental hygienists needs to be developed. Therefore, it is expected that the new dental hygiene company will be able to perform without any sense of disparity in the clinical field; this will solve the gap between dental hygiene education and practical skills.

본 연구는 치과 임상에서 근무하는 치과위생사의 직무 수행 능력을 증진시키기 위하여 비판적 사고 성향, 문제 해결 능력, 직무 수행 능력의 관계를 파악하고자 치과위생사 335명을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구방법은 일반적 특성에 따른 비판적 사고 성향, 문제 해결 능력, 직무 수행 능력을 빈도와 일원배치분산분석으로 기술통계하였고 관련성을 보기 위해 상관분석을 했으며, 인과관계와 매개효과 확인을 위해 구조방정식 모형분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 대상자의 비판적 사고 성향과 문제 해결 능력은 연령, 최종학력, 근무경력이 많을수록 평균 총 점수가 높아졌으며 통계적으로 유의하였다. 직무 수행 능력도 연령, 학력, 경력이 높을수록 평균 총 점수는 높았으나 학력을 제외한 연령과 근무경력만 유의하게 나타났다. 대상자의 비판적 사고 성향, 문제 해결 능력, 직무 수행 능력간의 관련성은 모두 양의 상관관계를 보였으며 모두 유의하였다. 구조방정식 모형은 비판적 사고 성향에서 문제 해결 능력, 문제 해결 능력에서 직무 수행 능력, 비판적 사고 성향에서 직무 수행 능력 모두 직접효과가 있었으며 유의하였다. 비판적 사고 성향이 문제 해결 능력에 의해 매개되어 직무 수행 능력에 영향을 미치는 간접효과도 유의하였다. 즉, 직접효과, 간접효과가 모두 유의하여 부분 매개효과가 확인되었다. 결론적으로 치과위생사의 비판적 사고 성향과 문제 해결 능력을 동시에 향상하는 것이 직무 수행 능력 증진에 도움을 줄 수 있다는 것이다. 따라서 비판적 사고 성향과 문제 해결 능력을 같이 강화할 수 있는 다각적 교육과정 접근법 개발과 지속적인 시행이 필요할 것이며, 더불어 체계적인 지원구축으로 치과위생사의 직무 수행 능력의 증진을 도모할 수 있도록 제언한다.

Keywords

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