Journal of the Geological Society of Korea (지질학회지)

The Geological Society of Korea (대한지질학회)
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Geological structural parameters to be considered for siting of HLW repository: A review for case studies of foreign countries

고준위방사성폐기물 처분후보부지 조사에 고려할 구조지질학적 요소: 해외사례에 대한 고찰

  • Chae, Byung-Gon (Climate Change Mitigation and Sustainability Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Choi, Junghae (Climate Change Mitigation and Sustainability Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Kihm, You Hong (Climate Change Mitigation and Sustainability Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Park, Seung-Ik (Geology Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)
  • 채병곤 (한국지질자원연구원 전략기술연구본부) ;
  • 최정해 (한국지질자원연구원 전략기술연구본부) ;
  • 김유홍 (한국지질자원연구원 전략기술연구본부) ;
  • 박승익 (한국지질자원연구원 국토지질연구본부)
  • Received : 2017.02.07
  • Accepted : 2017.02.28
  • Published : 2017.02.28
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Abstract

In recent, Korean government announced a plan to select a disposal site for high level waste (HLW) of nuclear fuel. This study mainly introduces the Finnish site selection process for the spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and the geological factors considered in each site selection stage. Olkiluoto site was selected as the final SNF repository through four stages of siting process in Finland. In the siting process, parameters of structural geology, hydrology, hydrogeochemistry and engineering geology are important to assess the suitability of the candidate sites. The structural geological parameters were considered as the most important evaluation parameters for the site selection. They affect the sizes and basic shapes of the candidate sites and influence properties of other geological factors such as hydrogeology and rock mechanics. This study also discusse siting criteria, related with structural geology, considered in the foreign countries. The major structural geological parameters, considered in the siting criteria in many countries, are ductile structures, brittle structures, capable fault, volcano and seismic activity. Based on the site selecting criteria of structural geological parameters, this study discussed the concept of the parameters to be considered for site investigation and evaluation. Since the foreign site investigation factors and criteria have been decided based on the geological environment in each country, it is important to setup Korea-specific siting factors and criteria based on the comprehensive studies and investigations of the Korean geological characteristics.

최근 우리나라 정부는 향후 고준위방사성폐기물 처분부지 선정을 위한 계획을 발표하였다. 본 논문에서는 이를 감안하여 전 세계에서 최초로 사용후핵연료 처분부지를 확정한 핀란드를 중심으로 국외의 처분부지 선정과정과 후보부지 선정단계별 지질조사 항목을 개괄적으로 살펴보았다. 핀란드는 총 4단계의 부지선정 과정을 통해 올킬루오토(Olkiluoto)를 최종처분부지로 확정하였으며, 이 과정에서 구조지질학적, 수리지질학적, 지구화학적, 지질공학적 요소들을 중심으로 후보부지 적합성을 평가하였다. 특히 구조지질학적 요소들은 부지선정의 초기단계에서 중요한 판단요소로 작용하였고, 후보부지의 크기와 기본적 형태를 결정할 뿐만 아니라, 수리지질, 암반역학 등 다른 지질항목의 특성에 영향을 미친다. 본 논문에서는 해외 각국의 처분후보부지 선정기준 중 구조지질학적 요소들에 대해 기술기준의 내용을 살펴보았다. 국외 기술기준에서 주로 고려하는 구조지질학적 요소는 연성지질구조, 취성지질구조, 활동성단층, 화산, 지진활동 등이다. 이를 바탕으로 처분부지 조사와 평가를 위한 구조지질학적 요소의 필요개념을 본 논문에 제안하였다. 각국별 지질조사 항목과 기술기준은 그 나라의 지질학적 조건과 환경에 적합하게 설정되어 있음을 감안할 때 우리나라도 향후 우리나라 고유의 지질환경을 신중히 검토하여 각 단계별 후보부지선정을 위한 지질항목 및 요소별 기술기준을 적절하게 설정하는 것이 중요하다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Grant : 사용후핵연료 처분연구관련 지질조사 방법론 개발, HLW 지층처분 후보부지 선정을 위한 전국규모 지질환경정보도 작성

Supported by : 한국지질자원연구원

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