Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering

The Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers (한국화학공학회)
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Upgrading of pyrolysis bio-oil using WO3/ZrO2 and Amberlyst catalysts: Evaluation of acid number and viscosity

  • Lee, Yejin (School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul) ;
  • Shafaghat, Hoda (School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul) ;
  • Kim, Jae-kon (Research Institute of Petroleum Technology, Korea Petroleum Quality & Distribution Authority) ;
  • Jeon, Jong-Ki (Department of Chemical Engineering, Kongju National University) ;
  • Jung, Sang-Chul (Biomass and Waste Energy Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research) ;
  • Lee, In-Gu (Department of Environmental Engineering, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Park, Young-Kwon (School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul)
  • Received : 2017.03.15
  • Accepted : 2017.05.01
  • Published : 2017.08.01
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Abstract

Tungstated zirconia ($WO_3/ZrO_2$ with $WO_3$ loadings of 9.9 (WZ9.9), 15.5 (WZ15.5), and 15.7 wt% (WZ15.7)) and Amberlyst (15, 35, 36, 39 and 45) catalysts were employed to upgrade pyrolysis bio-oil of acacia sawdust through an esterification reaction using methanol at atmospheric pressure and room temperature or $80^{\circ}C$. The upgrading efficiency was evaluated by measuring the total acid number (TAN) and viscosity. The viscosity and TAN of the resulting upgraded bio-oil were found to be dependent on the calcination temperature of the $WO_3/ZrO_2$ catalysts. At room temperature, the largest decrease in viscosity and TAN of the bio-oil and methanol mixture was obtained using WZ9.9 tungstated zirconia calcined at $900^{\circ}C$. An increase in reaction temperature to $80^{\circ}C$ improved the flowability and TAN of the methanol-added bio-oil using WZ9.9 activated at $900^{\circ}C$. The product distribution of the bio-oil upgraded using methanol revealed esterification to be the dominant reaction pathway under the reaction conditions of this study. When the ether extracted bio-oil was upgraded at $80^{\circ}C$ using methanol over catalysts, the Amberlyst catalysts were found more effective than tungstated zirconia catalysts in enhancing the esterification reaction and reducing TAN.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : NST (National Research Council of Science & Technology), Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP)

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