Applied Chemistry for Engineering (공업화학)

The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry (한국공업화학회)
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Smoke Generation by Burning Test of Cypress Plates Treated with Boron Compounds

붕소 화합물로 처리된 편백목재의 연소시험에 의한 연기발생

  • Chung, Yeong-Jin (Department of Fire Protection Engineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Jin, Eui (Fire Prevention Research Center, Kangwon National University)
  • 정영진 (강원대학교 소방방재공학과) ;
  • 진의 (강원대학교 소방방재연구센터)
  • Received : 2018.07.26
  • Accepted : 2018.08.08
  • Published : 2018.12.10
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Abstract

Experiments on combustion gases generation of untreated cypress specimens or treated with boric acid, ammonium pentaborate, and boric acid/ammonium pentaborate additive were carried out. Test specimens were painted three times with 15 wt% boron compound aqueous solutions. After drying, the generation of combustion gas was analyzed using a cone calorimeter (ISO 5660-1). As a result, comparing to untreated specimen, the smoke performance index (SPI) of the specimens treated with the boron compound increased by 1.37 to 2.68 times and the smoke growth index (SGI) decreased by 29.4 to 52.9%. The smoke intensity (SI) of the specimens treated with boron compounds is expected to be 1.16 to 3.92 times lower than that of untreated specimens, resulting in lower smoke and fire hazards. Also, the maximum carbon monoxide ($CO_{peak}$) concentration of specimens treated with boron compounds was 12.7 to 30.9% lower than that of untreated specimens. However, it was measured to produce fatal toxicities from 1.52 to 1.92 times higher than that of permissible exposure limits (PEL) by Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). The boron compounds played a role in reducing carbon monoxide, but it did not meet the expectation of reduction effect because of the high concentration of carbon monoxide in cypress itself.

붕산, 5붕산암모늄, 붕산/5붕산암모늄 첨가제로 처리한 편백목재 시험편의 연소가스 발생에 관한 시험을 하였다. 15 wt%의 붕소 화합물 수용액으로 각각 편백목재 시험편에 붓으로 3회 칠하였다. 실온에서 건조시킨 후, 콘칼로리미터(ISO 5660-1)를 이용하여 연소가스를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 붕소화합물로 처리한 시험편의 연기성능지수(SPI)는 공시편 보다 1.37~2.68배 증가하였고, 연기성장지수(SGI)는 29.4~52.9% 감소하였다. 그리고 붕소화합물로 처리된 시험편의 연기강도(SI)는 공시편보다 1.16~3.92배 감소되어 연기 및 화재 위험성이 낮아지는 것으로 예상된다. 또한 붕소화합물로 처리한 시험편의 최대일산화탄소($CO_{peak}$) 농도는 공시편보다 12.7~30.9% 감소되었다. 그러나 미국직업안전위생관리국(OSHA) 허용기준(PEL)보다 1.52~1.92배 높은 치명적인 독성을 발생하는 것으로 측정되었다. 붕소화합물은 일산화탄소를 감소시키는 역할을 하였으나 편백목재 자체의 일산화탄소의 생성 농도가 높기 때문에 감소효과에 대한 기대에 미치지 못하였다.

Keywords

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Figure 1. Schematic diagram of cone calorimeter equipment[17].

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Figure 2. Oxygen (O2) consumption rate curves of cypress specimens painted with 15 wt% solutions of boron compounds during cone calorimeter test.

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Figure 3. The smoke production rate (m2/s) curves of cypress specimens painted with 15 wt% solutions of boron compounds during cone calorimeter test.

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Figure 4. CO concentration (ppm) curves of cypress specimens painted with 15 wt% solutions of boron compounds during cone calorimeter test.

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Figure 5. Emission concentration (ppm) curves of CO2 from cypress specimens painted with 15 wt% solutions of boron compounds during cone calorimeter test.

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Figure 6. O2 depletion (%) curves of cypress specimens painted with 15 wt% solutions of boron compounds during cone calorimeter test.

Table 1. Specification of Cypress Specimens Painted with 15 wt% Boron Compounds Solutions

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Table 2. Combustion Properties of Cypress Specimens Painted with 15 wt% Solutions of Boron Compounds During Cone Calorimeter Test

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Table 3. Smoke Performance Index of Cypress Specimens Painted with 15 wt% Boron Compounds Solutions During Cone Calorimeter Test

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Table 4. Smoke Growth Index at 50 kW/m2 External Heat Flux

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Table 5. Smoke Intensity at 50 kW/m2 External Heat Flux

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