Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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The mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between university life stress and smartphone overuse

대학생활 스트레스와 스마트폰 과다사용 간의 관계에서 자기효능감의 매개효과 분석

  • 강경아 (국립군산대학교 간호학과) ;
  • 박성희 (국립군산대학교 간호학과)
  • Received : 2017.11.06
  • Accepted : 2018.02.02
  • Published : 2018.02.28
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Abstract

This study is a descriptive correlation that attempts to determine the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between university life stress and smartphone overuse. A total of 201 university students attending universities within Jeonbuk were evaluated using self-reported questionnaires from April 10 to May 10, 2017. The demographic characteristics, university life stress, self-efficacy, and smartphone overuse were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis. The difference in smartphone overuse by demographic characteristics was analyzed by t-tests and ANOVA with Scheffe's post hoc test, and the correlation between variables was evaluated by Pearson's correlation coefficient. The mediating effect of self-efficacy was the 3-step multiple regression statistics of Baron and Kenny, and the statistical significance of the mediating effect was analyzed by the Sobel test. Self-efficacy had a partial mediating effect in the relationship between university life stress and smartphone overuse. In addition, the risk of smartphone overuse increased among university freshmen, with many using smartphones for more than 4 or 6 hours per day. The result of this study are expected to be useful as basic data for the development of a program to prevent excessive smartphone use by university students.

본 연구는 대학생활 스트레스와 스마트폰 과다사용 간의 관계에서 자기효능감의 매개효과를 분석하는 서술적 상관관계 연구이다. 전북 소재 대학교에 재학 중인 대학생 201명을 대상으로 2017년 4월 10일부터 5월 10일까지 자가보고 설문지를 이용하여 자료를 수집하였으며, 자료분석은 SPSS 18.0 프로그램을 이용하였다. 대상자의 일반적 특성, 대학생활 스트레스, 자기효능감, 스마트폰 과다사용 정도는 기술통계 분석을 실시하였고, 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 스마트폰 과다사용 차이는 t-test, ANOVA로 분석하였으며, 사후 검정은 Scheffe 검정을 실시하였다. 변수 간의 상관관계는 Pearson Correlation Coefficient로 분석하였으며, 대학생활 스트레스와 스마트폰 과다사용 간의 관계에서 자기효능감의 매개효과는 Baron과 Kenny의 3단계 매개효과 검증절차를 이용하였으며, 매개효과에 대한 통계적 유의성은 Sobel test로 검정하였다. 본 연구 결과, 대학생활 스트레스와 스마트폰 과다사용 간의 관계에서 자기효능감이 부분 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 대학생활로 인한 스트레스가 높더라도 대상자의 내적 통제력인 자기효능감이 증진되면 스마트폰에 의존하거나 과다 사용하는 경향을 낮출 수 있음을 의미한다. 또한, 대학교 신입생일수록, 스마트폰 사용시간이 하루에 4시간 이상, 특히 6시간 이상일수록 스마트폰 과다사용 위험성이 높게 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 대학생의 스마트폰 과다사용을 예방하는 프로그램 개발의 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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