Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Syntaxonomical and Synecological Description on the Forest Vegetation of Juwangsan National Park, South Korea

주왕산국립공원 삼림식생의 군락분류와 군락생태

  • Received : 2017.03.30
  • Accepted : 2018.02.08
  • Published : 2018.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The forest vegetation of Juwangsan National Park, which is famous for its towering scenic valleys, was syntaxonomically described. The study adopted the $Z{\ddot{u}}rich$-Montpellier School's method emphasizing a matching between species composition and habitat conditions. A combined cover degree and the r-NCD (relative net contribution degree) were used to determine a performance of 265 plant species listed-up in a total of 52 phytosociological $relev{\acute{e}}s$. Nine plant communities were classified through a series of table manipulations, and their distribution and actual homotoneity($H_{act}$) were analyzed. Syntaxa described were Carex gifuensis-Quercus mongolica community, Athyrium yokoscense-Quercus mongolica communiy, Arisaema amurense-Quercus serrata community, Lespedeza maximowiczii var. tomentella-Quercus variabilis community, Tilia rufa-Quercus dentata community, Carex ciliatomarginata-Carpinus laxiflora community, Aristolochia manshuriensis-Zelkova serrata community, Onoclea orientalis-Fraxinus mandshurica community, and Carex humilis var. nana-Pinus densiflora community. A zonal distribution was reviewed and the altitude of about 700 m was the transition zone between the cool-temperate central montane zone (Lindero-Quercenion mongolicae region) and southern submontane zone (Callicarpo-Quercenion serratae region). Only 19 taxa were associated with r-NCD 10% or more, most of which were tree species occurring in the Lindero-Quercenion and some of which was a member of open forests. Species composition of forest vegetation was much less homogeneous, showing the lowest $H_{act}$. Nearly natural forests and/or secondary forests in the Juwangsan National Park were defined as a regional vegetation type, which reflects much stronger continental climate in the Daegu regional bioclimatic subdistrict, rhyolitic tuff predominant, and wildfire interference.

주왕산국립공원의 삼림식생에 대한 식물사회학적 연구가 이루어졌다. 식물사회의 종조성과 서식처의 균질성을 강조하는 Z.-M. 학파의 방법으로 수행하였다. 52개 식생자료가 획득되었고, 출현식물 총 265분류군의 행동양식은 9계급의 변환통합우점도와 상대기여도를 통해 분석하였다. 식생자료의 모둠화 과정을 통해 단위식생을 분류하고, 그 분포와 현존균질도 등이 분석되었다. 4가지 상관우점식생 속에 9개 식물군락이 기재되었다: 신갈나무-애기감둥사초군락, 신갈나무-뱀고사리군락, 졸참나무-둥근잎천남성군락, 굴참나무-털조록싸리군락, 떡갈나무-털피나무군락, 서어나무-털대사초군락, 느티나무-등칡군락, 들메나무-개면마군락, 소나무-가는잎그늘사초군락. 삼림식생의 대상분포가 논의되었고, 표고 약 700 m가 냉온대 중부 산지대(신갈나무-생강나무아군단역)와 남부 저산지대(졸참나무-작살나무아군단역)의 전이대인 것으로 밝혀졌다. 주왕산국립공원의 삼림식생은 종조성의 낮은 균질성이 특징이었다. 결론적으로 주왕산국립공원의 삼림식생은 <지역생물기후구-대구형> 속에서 더욱 강한 대륙성 생물기후환경과 세립질 풍화토와 암편을 공급하는 유문암질 응회암 우세의 지질 환경에 대응하는 고유성이 큰 지역식생이고, 산불 영향이 더해진 근자연림 또는 이차림인 것으로 밝혀졌다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bergmeier, E. and J.H.J. Schaminee(2016) Classifying halophytes and halophytic vegetation - an editorial. Phytocoenologia 46(4): 333-338.
  2. Braun-Blanquet, J.(1932) Plant Sociology: The Study of Plant Communities (trans. Fuller, G. D. and H. S. Conard). Hafner, New York, 439pp.
  3. Cheongsong Culture Center(2017) Festival/event. Cheongsong Culture Center. http://cscc.or.kr/ (accessed 10. Feb. 2017)
  4. Choi, B.K., T.B. Ryu and J.W. Kim(2015) Adina rubella phytocoe na in Jeju island, Korea. KHEE. 48(1): 68-76. (in Korean with English abstract)
  5. Dostalek, J., J. Sen, Dostalek, Jr., L. Mucina and H.D. Hwang(1988) On the taxonomy, phytosociology and ecology of some Korean Rhododendron species. Flora. Jena. 181: 29-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-2530(17)30348-1
  6. Horikawa Y and Y. Sasaki(1959) Phytosociological studies on the vegetation of Geihokudistrict, Hiroshima Prefecture. In: Schientific Resarchies of the Sandankyo gorge and the Yawata highland. Hiroshimaken, Hiroshima, pp. 85-107. (in Japanese with English abstract)
  7. Hwang, S.K.(1998) Volcanic geology of Juwangsan area, Cheongsong. The Geological Society of Korea, Seoul, 42pp. (in Korean)
  8. Hwang, S.K. and Kim, J.H.(2009) Topographical landscapes and their controlling geological factors in the Juwangsan National Park: Welding Facies and Columnar Joints. Jour. Petrol. Soc. Korea 18(3): 195-209. (in Korean with English abstract)
  9. Jegal, J.C. and J.W. Kim(2003) A phytosociological comparison of forest vegetation between igneous and sedimentary rock areas in Kyungpook Province, South Korea. Kor. J. Ecol. 26(1): 23-28. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2003.26.1.023
  10. Jung, Y.K. and J.W. Kim(1998) Syntaxonomy of mantle communities in South Korea. Kor. J. Ecol. 21(6): 739-750.
  11. Kim, G.B.(1998) Juwangsan. Daewonsa, Seoul, 127pp. (in Korean)
  12. Kim, H.S., I.S. Kim, K.H. Hong and N.Y. Kim(2003) A study on the flora and community classification of forest vegetation in the Mt. Yumyeong. J. For. Sci. Kangwon National Univ. 19: 68-84. (in Korean with English abstract)
  13. Kim, J.W.(1990) A syntaxonomic scheme for the deciduous oak forests of South Korea. Abstracta Bot. 14: 51-81.
  14. Kim, J.W.(1992) Vegetation of Northeast Asia: On the syntaxonomy and syngeography of the oak and beech forests. Ph.D. Dissertation, Univ. of Vienna, Vienna, 314pp.
  15. Kim, J.W.(1997) Analysis Research on the State of Natural Environment in Korea. Korea Environment Institute, Seoul, 69pp. (in Korean)
  16. Kim, J.W.(2004) Vegetation Ecology. World Science Publisher, Seoul, 308pp. (in Korean)
  17. Kim, J.W.(2013) The Plant Book of Korea: Vol. 1. Plants Living Close to the Village. Nature and Ecology, Seoul, 1199pp. (in Korean)
  18. Kim, J.W.(2016) The Plant Book of Korea: Vol. 2. Plants Living on the Grassland. Nature and Ecology, Seoul, 816pp. (in Korean)
  19. Kim J.W. and B.C. Eom(2017) On the homotoneity of species composition in the phytosociologically synthesized community tables. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 31(5): 433-443. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2017.31.5.433
  20. Kim J.W., B.G. Choi, T.B. Ryu and G.Y. Lee(2012) Application and Assessment of National Vegetation Naturalness. In:Ministry of Environment.National Institute of Environmental Research(ed) 4th National Ecosystem Survey Guideline. Ministry of Environment.National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, pp. 81-172. (in Korean)
  21. Kim, J.W. and J.C. Jegal(1999) Vegetation of Cheongson . Ywongcheon. In: Ministry of Environment(ed) 2nd National Ecosystem Survey. Ministry of Environment, Gwacheon, pp. 119-176. (in Korean)
  22. Kim, J.W., D.I. Lee and W. Kim (1995) Minimal areas and community structures of Pinus densiflora forests and Quercus mongolica forests. Kor. J. Ecol. 18(4): 451-462.
  23. Kim, J.W. and Y.K. Lee(2006) Classification and Assessment of Plant Communities. World Science Publisher, Seoul, 240pp. (in Korean)
  24. Kim, J.W. and Y.I. Manyko(1994) Syntaxonomical and synchorological characteristics of the cool-temperate mixed forest in the Southern Sikhote Alin, Russian Far East. Kor. J. Ecol. 17(3): 391-413.
  25. Kim, W.(1980) Secondary vegetation and succession in the forest fire area of the Mt. San-Seung: Secondary vegetation of early stage I. J. Grad. Sch. Educ. 12: 81-89. (in Korean with English abstract)
  26. Kim, Y.H. and J.W. Kim(2017) Distributional uniqueness of deciduous Oaks(Quercus L.) in the Korean Peninsula. J. Korean Env. Res. Tech. 20(2): 37-59. (in Korean with English abstract)
  27. Kim, Y.S., H.T. Shin, S.K. Kang, H.W. Yoon, G.S. Kim, J.W. Sung, K.H. Park, E.J. Kim and M.H. Yi(2011) Community structure and ecological character of Berchemia berchemiaefolia populations in Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. J. Korean Inst. For. Recreat. 15(4): 1-10. (in Korean with English abstract)
  28. KMA (Korea Meteorological Administration)(2017) Climate Data. http://web.kma.go.kr (accessed 1. Feb. 2017)
  29. KPNIC (Korean Plant Names Index Committee)(2017) Plant List. http://www.nature.go.kr/ (accessed 13. Feb. 2017)
  30. Lee, G.Y. and J.W. Kim(2017) Oak forests of the Daegok-cheon petroglyphs area in Ulsan, South Korea. Ecol. and Env. 50(1): 126-136. (in Korean with English abstract)
  31. Lee, H.C., I.C. Hwang and S.K. Seo(2008) Vegetation. In: The Natural Resources Research in Juwangsan National Park. Korea National Park Research Institute, Seoul, pp. 85-98. (in Korean)
  32. Lee, H.G. and S.H. Hong(1973) Explanatory Text of Geologucal Map of Cheong Song Sheet. Geological and Mineral Institute of Korea, Seoul, 38pp. (in Korean with English)
  33. Lee, K.S., T.Y. Jung, C.H. Park, J.H. Han, G.Y. Lee and C.D. Koo(2012) Structural characteristics of Berchemia berchemiaefolia stands at Mt. Gunja. J. Korean For. Soc. 101(4): 579-591. (in Korean with English abstract)
  34. Lee, W.T.(1996) Lineamenta Florae Koreae I. Academy Book, Seoul, 1688pp. (in Korean)
  35. Miyawaki, A., T. Ohba and N. Murase(1964) Phytosociological investigation on the vegetation of the Tanzawa Mountains. In: Kanagawa-ken(ed) Report of scientific reserch in Tanzawa- Ooyama. Kanagawa-kem, Yokohama, pp. 54-102. (in Japanese)
  36. Miyawaki, A., S. Okuda and R. Fujiwara(1994) Handbook of Japanese Vegetation. Shibundo, Tokyo. 168pp. (in Japanese)
  37. NIFS (National Institute of Forest Science)(2012) 1991-2011 Information map of location occurred wildfire: Cheongsong- gun. https://www.forest.go.kr (accessed 27. Feb. 2017)
  38. Oh, H.S.(2013) A phytosociological study of forest vegetation in Juwangsan National Park. M.S. thesis, Keimyung Univ., Daegu, 96pp. (in Korean with English abstract)
  39. Oh, K.C., J.K. Kim, W.O. Jung and J.K. Min(2001) The changes of forest vegetation and soil environmental after forest fire. J. Korean Env. Res. & Reveg. 4(3): 19-29. (in Korean with English abstract)
  40. Ohba, T.(1971) Die vegetation von Mikura-Insel liegt 200 km sudlich von Tokyo. Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum 1: 25-53. (in Japanese with German abstract)
  41. Park, I.H. and K.J. Cho(2011) Synecological characteristics and vitality analysis of the Berchemia berchemiaefolia habitat. J. Korean Env. Res. Tech. 14(2): 97-105. (in Korean with English abstract)
  42. Raunkiaer, C.(1934) The Life Forms of Plants and Statistical Plant Geography: being the collected papers of C. Raunkiaer. Oxford Clarendon Press, Oxford, 147pp.
  43. Ryu, T.B.(2016) Vegetation on limestone in South Korea. Ph.D. Dissertation, Keimyung Univ., Daegu, 160 pp. (in Korean with English abstract)
  44. Song, J.S.(2000) A phytosociological study on the vegetation in Cheongsong area, Kyongbuk Province, Korea. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 7(1): 85-102. (in Korean with English abstract)
  45. Weber, H.E., J. Moravec and J.P. Theurillat(2000) International code of phytosociological nomenclature. 3rd edition. J. Veg. Sci. 11(5): 739-768. https://doi.org/10.2307/3236580
  46. Westhoff, V. and E. van der Maarel(1978) The Braun-Blanquet Approach. In: Whittaker, R.H.(ed.) Ordination and Classification of Communities. Dr. W. Junk by Publishers, Hague, pp. 287-399.
  47. Yim, Y.J., E.B. Lee and J.K. Koh(1985) The vegetation of Mt. Chuwang. The Report of the KACN 23: 75-86. (in Korean with English abstract)
  48. You, J.H., S.J. Mun, C.U. Chung and J.W. Seol(2011) Flora and vegetation of special protected area in Juwangsan National Park. J. Natl. Park Reserch 2(3): 142-153. (in Korean with English abstract)