KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Feed Value and Yield Potential of Main Whole-Crop Silage Rice Cultivars with Harvesting Time in the Central Plains of Korea

중부 평야지에서 사료용 벼 주요품종의 수확시기 별 사료가치 및 수량성

  • Ahn, Eok-Keun (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Won, Yong-Jae (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Hyang-Mi (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Jung, Kuk-Hyun (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Hyun, Ung-Jo (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 안억근 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과) ;
  • 원용재 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과) ;
  • 박향미 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과) ;
  • 정국현 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과) ;
  • 현웅조 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과)
  • Received : 2018.10.08
  • Accepted : 2018.11.28
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

To set an optimal harvest time for five main whole-crop silage (WCS) rice cultivars, Nokyang (Ny), Mogwoo (Mw), Mogyang (My), Nokwoo (Nw) and Yeongwoo(Yw), based on feed value and dry matter yield, we analyzed water content (WC), feed values such as percent crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), crude ash (CA), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), estimated total digestible nutrients (TDN), and calculated their dry matter yield (DMY). These parameters were estimated at the booting stage and every 10 days from start of heading to 45 days after heading (DAH) to identify the optimal harvest time for these rice varieties. In all varieties, except Ny, the WC was about 65% on the $30^{th}$ DAH. In terms of WC, it is judged that there would be no major problem in preparing high quality silage when harvested between 20~30 DAH for Ny and about 30 days for the other cultivars. The CP and CA decreased significantly as the harvest time was delayed in all varieties (p<0.05). However, the CF in the tested varieties generally declined as DAH increased, and then increased again(p<0.05). The decrease in ADF and NDF was significantly different from the booting stage to 45 DAH in all varieties (p<0.05) and the estimated TDN increased gradually in all varieties as the harvest time was delayed. The TDN of all varieties, except Nw, was over 70% around 30 DAH. As harvest time was delayed, the DMY for all WCS rice increased significantly (p<0.05). The maximum DMY for each cultivar was observed at 45 DAH, however, no significant difference (p<0.05) was seen after 40 DAH for Ny and Yw, 30 DAH for Mw and Nw, and 20 DAH for My. Considering these results and others factors such as lodging, shattering, digestibility of grains, conversion of eating rice, etc., the optimal harvest time for silage use of all WCS rice tested was generally the yellow ripening stage, at about 30 DAH (30~40 DAH for Ny and Mw, and 30 DAH for My, Nw and Yw).

중부 평야지에서 사료용 벼 주요품종의 수확시기 별 사료성분 및 수량성 분석을 기초로 각 품종별 최적 수확시기를 구명하고자 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 수원 벼 시험 포장에서 '영우' 등 사료용 벼 5품종으로 시험하여 2년간 검토한 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 시험에 사용한 5 품종 중 '녹양'을 제외하고 출수 후 30일에는 대략 65% 내외의 수분함량을 보였다. 이는 수분함량 면에서는 '녹양'은 출수 후 20~30일 사이, 그 외 품종은 출수 후 30일경에 수확하면 양질 사일리지 조제에 큰 문제가 없을 것으로 판단된다. 2. 사료용 벼 주요 품종의 수확시기 별 사료가치를 분석한 결과, 조단백질과 조회분은 시험에 사용한 품종 모두에서 수확시기가 늦어질수록 감소하는 경향을 보였다(p<0.05). 그러나 조지방은 시험한 품종에서 대체적으로 출수 일수가 증가할수록 감소하다가 그 이 후에는 다시 증가하는 경향을 보였다(p<0.05). ADF와 NDF 함량은 모든 시험 품종에서 수잉기부터 출수 후 45일까지 지속적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였다(P<0.05). ADF 함량으로 추정된 TDN함량은 수확시기가 늦어질수록 시험에 사용한 모든 품종에서 점차 증가하였으며 '녹우'를 제외한 4품종의 TDN함량이 70% 이상이 되는 시점은 출수 후 30일경이었다. 3. 건물수량성의 경우 수확시기가 늦어짐에 따라 시험한 모든 품종에서 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.05). 각 품종별 최대건물수량은 출수 후 45일이나 유의적으로 차이가 없는(p<0.05) 출수 일수는 '목우', '녹우'는 출수 후 30일, '녹양'과 '영우'는 출수 후 40일, '목양은 출수 후 20일이었다. 4. 이상의 결과인 수분함량, 사료성분, TDN함량, 건물수량성과 사료용 벼 재배 및 이용특성인 도복, 탈립성, 종실의 미소화성, 식용벼로서의 전환 등을 고려해 볼때 각 품종별 수확적기는 대체로 황숙기이나 '녹양'과 '목우'는 출수 후 30~40일, '목양', '녹우', '영우'는 황숙기인 출수 후 30일 경이 적합하다고 판단된다.

Keywords

References

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