Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea (한국광물학회지)

The Mineralogical Society of Korea (한국광물학회)
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Origin of Clay Minerals of Core RS14-GC2 in the Continental Slope to the East of the Pennell-Iselin Bank in the Ross Sea, Antarctica

남극 로스해 펜넬-이젤린 퇴 동쪽 대륙사면의 코어 RS14-GC2의 점토광물의 기원지 연구

  • Ha, Sangbeom (Department of Oceanography, Pusan National University) ;
  • Khim, Boo-Keun (Department of Oceanography, Pusan National University) ;
  • Cho, Hyen Goo (Department of Geology, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Colizza, Ester (Department of Mathematics and Earth Sciences, University of Trieste)
  • Received : 2017.10.12
  • Accepted : 2018.02.08
  • Published : 2018.03.31
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Abstract

A gravity core (RS14-C2) was collected at site RS14-C2 in the continental slope to the east of Pennell-Isellin Bank of the Ross Sea (Antarctica) during PNRA XXIX (Rosslope II Project) Expedition. In order to trace the sediment source, magnetic susceptibility (MS), sand fraction, and clay mineral compositions were analyzed, and AMS $^{14}C$ ages were dated. Core sediments consist mostly of hemipelagic sandy clay or silty clay including ice-rafted debris (IRD). AMS $^{14}C$ age of core-top indicates the modern and Holocene sediments. Based on AMS $^{14}C$ dating, sediment color, MS and sand fraction, core sediments are divided into interglacial and glacial intervals. The interglacial brown sediments are characterized by low MS and sand fraction, whereas the glacial gray sediments are characterized by high MS and sand fraction. Among clay mineral compositions of core sediments, illite is highest (61.8~76.7%), and chlorite (15.7~21.3%), kaolinite (3.6~15.4%), and smectite (0.9~5.1%) are in decreasing order, and these compositions are also divided into the interglacial and glacial/deglacial intervals. During the glacial period, the high content of illite and chlorite indicate sediment supply from the bedrocks of Transantarctic Mountains under the Ross Ice Sheet. In contrast, because of decreasing supply of illite and chlorite by the glacial retreat, smectite and kaolinite contents increased relatively during the interglacial period. During the interglacial period, smectite may be transported additionally by the northeastward flowing surface current from the coast of Victoria Land in the western Ross Sea. Kaolinite may be also supplied to the continental slope by the Antarctic Slope Current from the kaolin-rich metasedimentary rock outcropped on the Edward VII Peninsula.

남극 로스해 펜넬-이젤린 퇴의 동쪽 대륙사면에 위치한 정점 RS14-C2에서 2014년 PNRA XXIX 탐사(Rosslope II Project)동안 중력코어(RS14-GC2)를 획득하였다. 퇴적물의 기원지 추정을 위하여 대자율, 모래 입자 함량, 점토광물 조성을 분석하고 AMS $^{14}C$ 연대를 측정하였다. 퇴적물은 주로 빙운쇄설물을 포함한 반원양성 사질 점토 또는 실트질 점토로 구성되어 있다. 코어의 최상부 연대는 현생 퇴적물과 홀로세 퇴적물을 지시한다. 방사성 탄소동위원소 연대와 퇴적물의 색, 대자율 및 모래 입자 함량을 이용하여 코어 퇴적물을 간빙기와 빙하기 퇴적물로 구분하였다. 간빙기의 갈색퇴적물은 대자율과 모래 입자 함량이 낮은 반면에 빙하기의 회색퇴적물은 대자율과 모래 입자 함량이 높다. 코어 퇴적물의 점토광물 조성은 전체적으로 일라이트(61.8~76.7%)가 가장 우세하며, 녹니석(15.7%~21.3%), 카올리나이트(3.6%~15.4%), 그리고 스멕타이트(0.9~5.1%)의 순서로 나타나고, 간빙기와 빙하기/후빙기로 뚜렷하게 구분된다. 빙하기 동안 일라이트와 녹니석 함량이 우세한 것은 퇴적물의 기원지가 주로 로스해 빙상 하부에 위치한 남극종단산맥의 기반암을 지시하기 때문이다. 반면 빙상 후퇴에 의한 일라이트와 녹니석의 공급이 감소되어 간빙기 동안 상대적으로 스멕타이트 함량이 약간 증가하며 카올리나이트 함량은 많이 증가한다. 더불어 간빙기 동안 로스해 서안의 빅토리아랜드 연안의 맥머도 화산군에서 북동쪽으로 흐르는 해류에 의해 스멕타이트가 추가로 공급되며, 카올리나이트는 카올리나이트의 함량이 풍부한 퇴적암이 분포하는 에드워드 7세 반도에서 공급되고 대륙사면류에 의해 대륙사면으로 운반되었을 것으로 예상된다.

Keywords

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