Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing (대한간호학회지)

Korean Society of Nursing Science (한국간호과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Latent Class Analysis of Gambling Activities among Korean Adolescents

한국 청소년 도박유형 특성의 잠재계층분석

  • Kang, Kyonghwa (The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyeongsu (Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Park, Ae Ran (Department of Prevention & Public Relations, Korea Center On Gambling Problems) ;
  • Kim, Hee-Young (Department of Child Welfare, Namseoul University) ;
  • Lee, Kunsei (Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University)
  • 강경화 (서울대학교 간호과학연구소) ;
  • 김형수 (건국대학교 의학전문대학원 예방의학교실) ;
  • 박애란 (한국도박문제관리센터 예방홍보부) ;
  • 김희영 (남서울대학교 아동복지학과) ;
  • 이건세 (건국대학교 의학전문대학원 예방의학교실)
  • Received : 2017.12.28
  • Accepted : 2018.04.12
  • Published : 2018.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify the types of gambling among adolescents and provide basic prevention information regarding adolescents' gambling problems. Methods: Secondary data from representative national survey on 2015 Youth Gambling Problems of Korea Center on Gambling Problems were used. Using latent class analysis (LCA), 13 gambling types such as offline and online games of 14,011 adolescents were classified, and gambling experiences and characteristics were analyzed. Results: The subgroups of adolescent gambling were identified as four latent classes: a rare group (84.5% of the sample), a risk group (1.0%), an offline group (11.9%), and an expanded group (2.6%). The types and characteristics of gambling among the latent classes differed. In the risk group, adolescents participated in online illegal sports betting and internet casino, and gambling time, gambling expenses, and the number of gambling types were higher than other groups. Conclusion: Gambling frequently occur among adolescent, and the subtypes of gambling did not reveal homogeneous characteristics. In order to prevent adolescent gambling problems, it is a necessary to develop tailored prevention intervention in the nursing field, which is appropriate to the characteristics of adolescent gambling group and can help with early identification.

Keywords

References

  1. US National Research Council. Pathological gambling: A critical review. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1999. p. 16.
  2. Korea Center on Gambling Problems. Implementation plan for prevention of community based gambling problem. Seoul: Korea Center on Gambling Problems; 2017 Apr. Report No.: Research-17-02.
  3. Korea Center on Gambling Problems. White paper on gambling problems management 2016. Seoul: Korea Center on Gambling Problems; 2017 p. 29.
  4. Lee HK, Chung SK, Cho KH, Choi SW, Kim HS, Lee IH, et al. 100 Misconceptions and truths about addiction: Version 2. Seoul: Korean Addiction Forum; 2017. p. 176.
  5. Gupta R, Derevensky JL. Adolescents with gambling problems: From research to treatment. Journal of Gambling Studies. 2000;16(2-3):315-342. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009493200768
  6. The National Gambling Control Commission, Korea Center on Gambling Problems. Survey on 2015 youth gambling problem. Seoul: Korea Center on Gambling Problems; 2015 Dec. Report No.: Research-15-05.
  7. Volberg RA, Gupta R, Griffiths MD, Olason DT, Delfabbro P. An international perspective on youth gambling prevalence studies. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health. 2010;22(1):3-38. https://doi.org/10.1515/IJAMH.2010.22.1.3
  8. Jimenez-Murcia S, Alvarez-Moya EM, Stinchfield R, Fernandez-Aranda F, Granero R, Aymamí N, et al. Age of onset in pathological gambling: Clinical, therapeutic and personality correlates. Journal of Gambling Studies. 2010;26(2):235-248. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-009-9175-3
  9. Yip SW, Desai RA, Steinberg MA, Rugle L, Cavallo DA, Krishnan-Sarin S, et al. Health/functioning characteristics, gambling behaviors, and gambling-related motivations in adolescents stratified by gambling problem severity: Findings from a high school survey. The American Journal on Addictions. 2011;20(6):495-508. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1521-0391.2011.00180.x
  10. Hume M, Mort GS. Fun, friend, or foe: Youth perceptions and definitions of online gambling. Social Marketing Quarterly. 2011;17(1):109-133. https://doi.org/10.1080/15245004.2010.546939
  11. Calado F, Alexandre J, Griffiths MD. Prevalence of adolescent problem gambling: A systematic review of recent research. Journal of Gambling Studies. 2017;33(2):397-424. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-016-9627-5
  12. Boldero JM, Bell RC, Moore SM. Do gambling activity patterns predict gambling problems? A latent class analysis of gambling forms among Australian youth. International Gambling Studies. 2010;10(2):151-163. https://doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2010.501808
  13. Studer J, Baggio S, Mohler-Kuo M, Simon O, Daeppen JB, Gmel G. Latent class analysis of gambling activities in a sample of young swiss men: Association with gambling problems, substance use outcomes, personality traits and coping strategies. Journal of Gambling Studies. 2016;32(2):421-440. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-015-9547-9
  14. Lynch WJ, Maciejewski PK, Potenza MN. Psychiatric correlates of gambling in adolescents and young adults grouped by age at gambling onset. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2004;61(11):1116-1122. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.61.11.1116
  15. Hong YH, Choi SH. A study on the cause of internet gambling and action plan [Internet]. Seoul: Korean Institute of Criminology; c2011 [cited 2017 Aug 15]. Available from: http://www.ndsl.kr/ndsl/commons/util/ndslOriginalView.do?dbt=TRKO&cn=TRKO201600012483&rn=&url=&pageCode=PG06.
  16. Korean National Police Agency: Korean Police Crime Statistics in 2016 [Internet]. Seoul: Korean National Police Agency; c2017 [cited 2017 Dec 9]. Available from: http://www.police.go.kr/files/infodata/200141/2016/2016_01.pdf.
  17. Kwon SJ, Kim KH, Seong HG, Rhee MK, Kang SG. Illegal internet gambling: Problems, risk factors, and prevention strategies. Korean Journal of Health Psychology. 2007;12(1):1-19. https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2007.12.1.001
  18. Ryu HG, Choi YS, Jang HK, Kim JE. A study on the characteristics of youth gambling addiction. The Korean Journal of Health Service Management. 2012;6(1):153-161. https://doi.org/10.12811/kshsm.2012.6.1.153
  19. Chang JY. Types of gambling and factors influencing adolescent gambling behavior. Mental Health & Social Work. 2011;6:348-381.
  20. Collins LM, Lanza ST. Latent class and latent transition analysis: With applications in the social, behavioral, and health sciences [Internet]. Hoboken (NJ): John Wiley & Sons; c2010 [cited 2017 Nov 1]. Available from: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/book/10.1002/9780470567333.
  21. Goodman LA. Exploratory latent structure analysis using both identifiable and unidentifiable models. Biometrika. 1974;61(2):215-231. https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/61.2.215
  22. Lanza ST, Rhoades BL. Latent class analysis: An alternative perspective on subgroup analysis in prevention and treatment. Prevention Science. 2013;14(2):157-168. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-011-0201-1
  23. Luigi ND, Gibertoni D, Randon E, Scorcu AE. Patterns of gambling activities and gambling problems among Italian high school students: Results from a latent class analysis. Journal of Gambling Studies. 2017:1-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-017-9694-2
  24. Vachon DD, Bagby MR. Pathological gambling subtypes. Psychological Assessment. 2009;21(4):608-615. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016846
  25. Welte JW. Barnes GM, Wieczorek WF, Tidwell MO, Hoffman JH. Type of gambling and availability as risk factors for problem gambling: A tobit regression analysis by age and gender. International Gambling Studies. 2007;7(2):183-198. https://doi.org/10.1080/14459790701387543
  26. Kim SW, Shin JH. Comparison of illegal lottery cases in Korea and foreign countries. Journal of Korean Public Police and Security Studies. 2017;14(1):23-48. https://doi.org/10.25023/kapsa.14.1.201705.23
  27. Welte JW. Barnes GM, Tidwell M-CO, Hoffman JH. The association of form of gambling with problem gambling among American youth. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors. 2009;23(1):105-112. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013536
  28. Shin HJ, Kim JC. Major issues and tasks for gambling disorder in adolescents: Focusing on a controversy over speculation in doll drawing game. Korean Association of Addiction Crime Review. 2017;7(2):59-80.
  29. Kessler RC, Hwang I, LaBrie R, Petukhova M, Sampson NA, Winters KC, et al. DSM-IV pathological gambling in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Psychological Medicine. 2008;38(9):1351-1360. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291708002900
  30. Cook S, Turner N, Paglia-Boak A, Adlaf EM. Mann RE. Ontario youth gambling report: Data from the 2009 Ontario student drug use and health survey [Internet]. Toronto: Problem Gambling Institute of Ontario; c2010 [cited 2017 Nov 19]. Available from: http://www.ontla.on.ca/library/repository/mon/24011/305877.pdf.

Cited by

  1. 한국 중년남성의 건강관련 삶의 질에 대한 잠재계층분석 vol.49, pp.1, 2018, https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2019.49.1.104
  2. The Gambling Factors Related with the Level of Adolescent Problem Gambler vol.16, pp.12, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16122110
  3. Gambling Subgroups among Korean Out-of-school Adolescents vol.26, pp.3, 2020, https://doi.org/10.4094/chnr.2020.26.3.385