DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effects of Entrepreneurship on Employability of the College Student -Focusing on the Moderating Effects of Gender-

대학생의 기업가정신이 취업가능성에 미치는 영향 -성별의 조절효과를 중심으로-

  • Baek, Yu-Mi (Education Counseling and Psychology, Graduate School of Cyber, Joongbu University)
  • 백유미 (중부대학교 원격대학원 교육상담심리학과)
  • Received : 2018.04.02
  • Accepted : 2018.04.20
  • Published : 2018.04.30

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine if entrepreneurship that can influence entrepreneurial intention affects job-getting possibility. Particularly, this author has questingly investigated if the entrepreneurship of undergraduates who are supposed to get a job influences job-getting possibility and if sex has regulating effects on job-getting possibility. According to the results, first, undergraduates' entrepreneurship influences job-getting possibility. Second, according to sex, there is difference found in the effects of entrepreneurship on job-seeking skills and job-getting possibility. In other words, sex has significant regulating effects on job-seeking skills and job-getting possibility. Third, according to the results of comparing the mean values of two groups, upper and lower groups of entrepreneurship, regarding their job-getting possibility(work ethic, occupational exploration, & job-seeking skills) in accordance with moderating variables, female undergraduates gained significantly higher mean values than male undergraduates. Based on the results, this author suggests implications and presents proposals for follow-up research.

본 연구는 창업의도에 영향을 미치는 기업가정신이 취업가능성에 영향을 미치는지 확인하고자 하였다. 특히 취업을 앞두고 있는 대학생의 기업가정신이 취업가능성에 영향을 미치는지와 성별에 따라 취업가능성에 조절효과가 있는지도 탐색적으로 확인하였다. 연구 결과 첫째, 대학생의 기업가정신은 취업가능성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 성별에 따라 기업가 정신이 구직기술, 취업가능성에 미치는 영향력은 차이가 있었다. 즉, 성별에 따라 구직기술과 취업가능성에 유의미한 조절효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 셋째, 기업가정신 상위 및 하위집단 각각에서 조절변인에 따른 두 집단 간 취업가능성(직업의식, 직업탐색, 구직기술)의 평균점수를 비교해보니 남자 대학생보다 여자 대학생의 평균이 현저히 높은 편이었다. 이러한 연구 결과에 근거하여 시사점을 제시하고 미래 연구를 제안하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Statistics Korea. (2018). Employment trend. Statistics Korea. http://kostat.go.kr/portal/eng/index.action
  2. D. A. Kirby. (2005). Entrepreneurship education: can business schools meet the challenge? Education+ training, 46(8/9), 510-519. DOI : 10.4337/9781847201652.00009
  3. J. Y. Lee. (2017). Direction of youth career education in preparation for the fourth industrial revolution. The Korean Society for the study of career Education, 65-96.
  4. European Commission. (2013). Entrepreneurship 2020 Action Plan 2013. European Commission. https://ec.europa.eu/
  5. A. Huq & D. H. Gilbert. (2013). Enhancing graduate employability through work-based learning in social entrepreneurship: A case study. Education Training. 55(6), 550-572. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-04-2012-0047
  6. T. A. Judge, J. E. Bono & E. A. Locke. (2000). Personality and job satisfaction: The mediating role of job characteristics. Journal of Applied Psychology. 85(2), 237. DOI : 10.1037//0021-9010.85.2.237
  7. S. C. Kim & H. Y. Moon. (2014). An Exploratory Study of the Influence Factors for Career Decision Making by Science and Engineering College Students. Human Resources Development, 215-245.
  8. J. C. Lee & A. J. Hong. (2012). Difference and Impact of University Students Personal Characteristics on Self-Leadership, Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy, Career Preparation Behavior, and Employability. Education Studies. 50(3), 177-206. DOI : 10.18211/kjhrdq.2013.15.3.009
  9. Z. T. Bae & M. S. Cha. (2005). Recent Trend in Entrepreneurship and Venture Management Research: A Comparative Analysis of Korean and American Journals (1998-2004). Journal of Entrepreneurship and Venture Studies. 8(3), 57-94.
  10. Sexton, D. L & N. B. Bowman. (1986). Validation of a Personality Index: C om parat ive Psychological C haracter istics A nalysis of Female Entrepreneur, Managers, Entrepreneurship Students, and Business Students. In Ronstadt, J. A, Frontiers of entrepreneurship. Boston, Mass: PWS-Kent publishing Company.
  11. W. B. Gartner. (1985). A conceptual framework for describing the phenomenon of new venture creation. Academy of Management Review, 10 (1), 696-706. DOI : 10.4337/9781783476947.00006
  12. H. Mintzberg & A. McHugh. (1985). Strategy for mulation in an adhocracy. Administrative Science Quarterly, 30 (1), 160-197. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393104
  13. M. A. Hitt, R. D. Rreland, S. M. Camp & D. L. Sexton. (2001). Guest editors’ introduction to the special issue strategic entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial strategies for wealth creation. Strategic Management Journal, 22(6-7), 479-491. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.196
  14. D. Miller. (1983). The correlaties of entrepreneurship in three types of firms. Management Science, 29(7), 770-791. DOI : 10.1287/mnsc.29.7.770
  15. T. Dohmen, A. Falk, D. Huffman, U. Sunde, J. and Schupp & G. G. Wagner. (2011). Individual risk attitudes: Measurement, determinants, and behavioral consequences. Journal of the European Economic Association. 9(3), 522-550. DOI : 10.1111/j.1542-4774.2011.01015.x
  16. Y. M. Hyeong, J. W. Lee & I. M Song. (2016). The Effect of the Entrepreneurship and Psychological Growth Environment of Specialized High School Students on their Entrepreneurial Intrntion. Journal of Social Science, 35(1).
  17. D. Y. Cung, C. J. Im & Y. H. Hyuk. (2017). The Structural Relationship among Personality Traits, Employability and Entrepreneurship of the College Student, and Moderating Effect of Gender.Korean Society for Management Education, 32(3), 249-269. DOI : 10.23839/kabe.2017.32.3.249
  18. A. Rothwell &J. Arnold. (2007). Self-perceived employability: development and validation of a scale. Personnel Review. 36(1), 23-41. DOI : 10.1108/00483480710716704
  19. B. Costea, K. Amiridis & N. Crump. (2012). Graduate employability and the principle of potentiality: An aspect of the ethics of HRM. Journal of Bbusiness Ethics. 111(1), 25-36. DOI : 10.1007/s10551-012-1436-x
  20. K. Berglund. (2013). Fighting against all odds: Entrepreneurship education as employability training. Ephemera, 13(4), 717-735.
  21. C. D. Johnson. (2001). In Search of Traditional and Contemporary Career Success: What's an African American Male to do?. Doctoral dissertation. University of Georgia, USA.
  22. Y. H. Chae. (2016). The Effect of Employability of the University Student on the Entrepreneurial Intention-Focused on the Serial Multiple Mediation Effect of Self-leadership and Self-efficacy and on the Moderating Effect of Major. Doctoral thesis. Soongsil University, Seoul.
  23. L. Kolvereid & O. Moen. (1997). Entrepreneurship among business graduates: Does a major in entrepreneurship make a difference? Journal of European Industrial Training, 21(4), 154-166. DOI : 10.1108/03090599710171404
  24. R. Schwarzer. (2008). Modeling health behavior change: How to predict and modify the adoption and maintenance of health behaviors. Applied Psychology. 57(1), 1-29. DOI : 10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00325.x
  25. P. Arenius & M. Minniti. (2005). Perceptual variables and nascent entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 24, 233-247. DOI : 10.1007/s11187-005-1984-x
  26. J. M. Crant. (1996). The proactive personality scale as a predictor of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Small Business Management, 34, 42-49.
  27. E. Kepler & S. Shane. (2007). Are male and female entre preneurs really that different? Office of Advocacy. US Small Business Administration. https://www.sba.gov/advocacy/office-advocacy-staff
  28. S. Zahara. (1991). Predictors and financial outcomes of corporate entrepreneurship: An exploratory study. Journal of Business Venturing, 6(4), 259-285. DOI : 10.1016/0883-9026(91)90019-a
  29. C. D. Johnson. (2001). In Search of Traditional and Contemporary Career Success: What's an African American Maleto do?. Doctoral dissertation. University of Georgia, USA.
  30. S. U. Oh & S. G. Lee. (2008). A Study on the Observation of the Employability Factors and Measurement of Employment Effectiveness for Job-seekers of the Public Employment Service in Incheon. The Journal of Career Education Research, 21(3), 87-103.
  31. P. A. Frazier, A. P. Tix & K. E. Barron. (2004). Testing moderator and mediator effects in counseling psychology research. Journal Counsel Psychol, 51(1), 115. DOI : 10.1037/0022-0167.51.1.115
  32. I. J. Hyuk. (2017). A Study on the Effects of Entrepreneurship and Leadership on Perceived Success: Focusing on Mediated Effect of Self-Efficacy and Moderating Effect of Gender. Doctoral thesis. Soongsil University, Seoul.
  33. M. K. Kwon & H. S. Yang. (2016). The Influence of Entrepreneurial Supporting Policy and Entrepreneurship on Entrepreneurial Intention in the fusion of industries-Considering the moderating effect of the business failure burden and self-efficacy-. Journal of Digital Convergence, 14(5), 21-37. DOI : 10.14400/JDC.2016.14.5.21
  34. M. J. Lee & J. G. Kim. (2013). The Effects of Entrepreneurial Intention and Entrepreneurship on Entrepreneurial Success. Journal of Digital Convergence, 11(9), 55-65. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDPM.2013.11.9.055
  35. J. Y. Kim. (2017). The Convergence of the Servant Leadership of SMEs on Interpersonal Relations of University Students, Convergence Society for SMB, 7(4), 165-170. DOI : 10.22156/CS4SMB.2017.7.4.165