Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment (한국대기환경학회지)

Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment (한국대기환경학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Estimation of Light Absorption by Brown Carbon Particles using Multi-wavelength Dual-spot Aethalometer

다파장 Dual-spot Aethalometer를 이용한 갈색탄소의 광흡수계수 평가

  • Yu, Geun-Hye (Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Yu, Jae-Myeong (Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Park, Seung-Shik (Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Chonnam National University)
  • 유근혜 (전남대학교 환경에너지공학과) ;
  • 유재명 (전남대학교 환경에너지공학과) ;
  • 박승식 (전남대학교 환경에너지공학과)
  • Received : 2017.12.13
  • Accepted : 2018.02.20
  • Published : 2018.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this study, light absorption of carbonaceous species in $PM_{2.5}$ was investigated using a dual-spot 7-wavelength Aethalometer(model AE33) with 1-min time interval between January 01 and September 30, 2017 at an urban site of Gwangju. During the study period, two Asian dust (AD) events occurred in April (AD I) and May (AD II), respectively, during which light absorption in total suspended particles was observed. Black carbon (BC) was the dominant light absorbing aerosol component at all wavelengths over the study period. Light absorption coefficients by aerosol particles were found to have 2.7~3.3 times higher at 370 nm than at 880 nm. This would be attributed to light absorbing organic aerosols, which is called brown carbon (BrC), as well as BC as absorbing agents of aerosol particles. Monthly average absorption ${{\AA}}ngstr{\ddot{o}}m$ exponent ($AAE_{370-950nm}$) calculated over wavelength range of 370~950 nm ranged from 1.10 to 1.35, which was lower than the $AAE_{370-520nm}$ values ranging from 1.19~1.68 that was enhanced due to the presence of BrC. The estimated $AAE_{370-660nm}$ of BrC ranged from 2.2 to 7.5 with an average of 4.22, which was fairly consistent to the values reported by previous studies. The BrC absorption at 370 nm contributed 10.4~28.4% to the total aerosol absorption, with higher contribution in winter and spring and lower in summer. Average $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations were $108{\pm}36$ and $24{\pm}14{\mu}g/m^3$ during AD I, respectively, and $164{\pm}66$ and $43{\pm}26{\mu}g/m^3$ during AD II, respectively, implying the greater contribution of local pollution and/or regional pollution to $PM_{2.5}$ during the AD II. BC concentration and aerosol light absorption at 370 nm were relatively high in AD II, compared to those in AD I. Strong spectral dependence of aerosol light absorption was clearly found during the two AD events. $AAE_{370-660nm}$ of both light absorbing organic aerosols and dust particles during the AD I and II was $4.8{\pm}0.5$ and $6.2{\pm}0.7$, respectively. Higher AAE value during the AD II could be attributed to mixed enhanced urban pollution and dust aerosols. Absorption contribution by the light absorbing organic and dust aerosols estimated at 370 nm to the total light absorption was approximately 19% before and after the AD events, but it increased to 32.9~35.0% during the AD events. In conclusion, results from this study support enhancement of the aerosol light absorption due to Asian dust particles observed at the site.

Keywords

References

  1. Andreae, M.O., Gelencser, A. (2006) Black carbon or brown carbon? The nature of light-absorbing carbonaceous aerosols, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 6, 3131-3148. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-3131-2006
  2. Bergstrom, R.W., Pilewskie, P., Pommier, J., Rabbette, M., Russell, P.B., Schmid, B., Redemann, J., Higurashi, A., Nakajima, T., Quinn, P.K. (2004) Spectral absorption of solar radiation by aerosols during ACE-Asia, Journal of Geophysical Research, 109, D19S15, doi:10.1029/2003JD004467.
  3. Bergstrom, R.W., Pilewskie, P., Russell, P.B., Redemann, J., Bonds, T.C., Quinn, P.K., Sierau, B. (2007) Spectral absorption properties of atmospheric aerosols, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 7, 5937-5943. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-5937-2007
  4. Charlson, R.J., Schwartz, S.E., Hales, J.M., Cess, R.D., Coakley, J.A., Hansen, J.E., Hoffman, D.J. (1992) Climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols, Science, 255, 423-430. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.255.5043.423
  5. Chen, T., Bond, T.C. (2010) Light absorption by organic carbon from wood combustion, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 10, 1773-1787. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-1773-2010
  6. Cheng, Y., He, K., Du, Z., Engling, G., Liu, J., Ma, Y., Zheng, M., Weber, R.J. (2016) The characteristics of brown carbon aerosol during winter in Beijing, Atmospheric Environment, 127, 355-364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.12.035
  7. Collaud Coen, M., Weingartner, E., Schaub, D., Hueglin, C., Corrigan, C., Henning, S., Schikowski, M., Baltensperger, U. (2004) Saharan dust events at the Jungfraujoch: Detection by wavelength dependence of the single scattering albedo and first climatology analysis, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 4, 2465-2480. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-4-2465-2004
  8. Drinovec, L., Mocnik, G., Zotter, P., Prevot, A.S.H., Ruckstuhl, C., Coz, E., Rupakheti, M., Sciare, J., Muller, T., Wiedensohler, A., Hansen, A.D.A. (2015) The "dualspot" Aethalometer: an improved measurement of aerosol black carbon with real-time loading compensation, Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 8, 1965-1979. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-1965-2015
  9. Feng, Y., Ramanathan, V., Kotamarthi, V.R. (2013) Brown carbon: a signifcant atmospheric absorber of solar radiation?, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 13, 8607-8621. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-8607-2013
  10. Gelencser, A., Hoffer, A., Krivacsy, Z., Kiss, G., Molnar, A., Meszaros, E. (2000) On the possible origin of humic matter in fne continental aerosol, Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmosphere, 107(D12), 4137, doi:10.1029/2001JD001299.
  11. Gwangju (2017) A report of basic survey on the volume traffc in Gwangju in 2016.
  12. Hoffer, A., Gelencser, A., Guyon, P., Kiss, G., Schmid, O., Frank, G.P., Artaxo, P., Andreae, M.O. (2006) Optical properties of humic-like substances (HULIS) in biomass-burning aerosols, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 6, 3563-3570. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-3563-2006
  13. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2014) Climate Change 2014: Radiative Forcing of Climate Change, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York.
  14. Jo, D.S., Park, R.J., Lee, S., Kim, S.-W., Zhang, X. (2016) A global simulation of brown carbon: implications for photochemistry and direct radiative effect, Atmospheric Chemistry Physics, 16, 3413-3432, doi: 10.5194/acp-16-3413-2016.
  15. Kim, H., Kim, J.Y., Jin, H.C., Lee, J.Y., Lee, S.P. (2016) Seasonal variations in the light-absorbing properties of water-soluble and insoluble organic aerosols in Seoul, Korea, Atmospheric Environment, 129, 234-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.01.042
  16. Kirchstetter, T.W., Novakov, T., Hobbs, P.V. (2004) Evidence that spectral dependence of light absorption by aerosols is affected by organic carbon, Journal of Geophysical Research, 109. D21208.
  17. Kirchstetter, T.W., Thatcher, T.L. (2012) Contribution of organic carbon to wood smoke particulate matter absorption of solar radiation, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 12, 6067-6072. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-6067-2012
  18. Laskin, A., Laskin, J., Nizkorodov, S.A. (2015) Chemistry of atmospheric brown carbon, Chemical Reviews, 115, 4335-4382. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr5006167
  19. Liu, J., Bergin, M., Guo, H., King, L., Kotra, N., Edgerton, E., Weber, R.J. (2013) Size-resolved measurements of brown carbon in water and methanol extracts and estimates of their contribution to ambient fne-particle light absorption, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 13, 12389-12404. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-12389-2013
  20. Liu, J., Scheuer, E., Dibb, J., Diskin, G.S., Ziemba, L.D., Thornhill, K.L., Anderson, B.E., Wisthaler, A., Mikoviny, T., Devi, J.J., Bergin, M., Perring, A.E., Markovic, M.Z., Schwarz, J.P., Campuzano-Jost, P., Day, D.A., Jimenez, J.L., Weber, R.J. (2015) Brown carbon aerosol in the North American continental troposphere: sources, abundance, and radiative forcing, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15, 7841-7858. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7841-2015
  21. Martinsson, J., Eriksson, A.C., Elbaek Nielsen, I., Berg Malmborg, V., Ahlberg, E., Andersen, C., Lindgren, R., Nyström, R., Nordin, E.Z., Brune, W.H., Svenningsson, B., Swietlicki, E., Boman, C., Pagels, J.H. (2015) Impacts of combustion conditions and photochemical processing on the light absorption of biomass combustion aerosol, Environmental Science and Technology, 49, 14663-14671. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b03205
  22. Olson, M.R., Garcia, M.V., Robinson, M.A., Van Rooy, P., Dietenberger, M.A., Bergin, M.H., Schauer, J.J. (2015) Investigation of black and brown carbon multiple wavelength dependent light absorption from biomass and fossil fuel combustion source emissions, Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 120, 6682-6697. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022970
  23. Park, S.S., Yu, J. (2016) Chemical and light absorption properties of humic-like substances from biomass burning emissions under controlled combustion experiments, Atmospheric Environment, 136, 114-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.04.022
  24. Ramanathan, V., Carmichael, G. (2008) Global and regional climate changes due to black carbon, Nature Geoscience 1, 221-227. https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo156
  25. Russell, P.B., Bergstrom, R.W., Shinozuka, Y., Clarke, A.D., De-Carlo, P.F., Jimenez, J.L., Livingston, J.M., Redemann, J., Dubovik, O., Strawa, A. (2010) Absorption Angstrom Exponent in AERONET and related data as an indicator of aerosol composition, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 10, 1155-1169. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-1155-2010
  26. Saleh, R., Marks, M., Heo, J., Adams, P.J., Donahue, N.M., Robinson, A.L. (2015) Contribution of brown carbon and lensing to the direct radiative effect of carbonaceous aerosols from biomass and biofuel burning emissions, Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmosphere, 120, 10285-10296. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023697
  27. Sandradewi, J., Prevot, A.S.H., Szidat, S., Perron, N., Alfarra, M.R., Lanz, V.A., Weingartner, E., Baltensperger, U. (2008) Using aerosol light absorption measurements for the quantitative determination of wood burning and traffc emissions contributions to particulate matter, Environmental Science and Technology, 42, 3316-3323. https://doi.org/10.1021/es702253m
  28. Schnaiter, M., Linke, M., Möhler, O., Naumann, K.-H., Saathoff, H., Wagner, R., Schurath, U., Wehner, B. (2005) Absorption amplification of black carbon internally mixed with secondary organic aerosol, Journal of Geophysical Research, 110, D19204, doi:10.1029/2005JD006046.
  29. Sun, H., Biedermann, L., Bond, T.C. (2007) Color of brown carbon: A model for ultraviolet and visible light absorption by organic carbon aerosol, Geophysical Research Letter 34, L17813. https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL029797
  30. Titos, G., del Aguila, A., Cazorla, A., Lyamani, H., Casquero-Vera, J.A., Colombi, C., Cuccia, E., Gianelle, V., Mocnik, G., Alastuey, A., Olmo, F.J., Alados-Arboledas, L. (2017) Spatial and temporal variability of carbonaceous aerosols: Assessing the impact of biomass burning in the urban environment, Science of the Total Environment, 578, 613-625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.007
  31. Weingartner, E., Saathoff, H., Schnaiter, M., Streit, N., Bitnar, B., Baltensperger, U. (2003) Absorption of light by soot particles: determination of the absorption coeffcient by means of aethalometers, Journal of Aerosol Science, 34, 1445-1463. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-8502(03)00359-8
  32. Yu, J., Yu, G.-H., Park, S., Bae, M.-S. (2017) Chemical and absorption characteristics of water-soluble organic carbon and humic-like substances in size-segregated particles from biomass burning emissions, Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment, 11(2), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.5572/ajae.2017.11.1.001