Safety and Health at Work

Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (산업안전보건연구원)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Assessment of Sleep Deprivation and Fatigue Among Chemical Transportation Drivers in Chonburi, Thailand

  • Phatrabuddha, Nantaporn (Department of Industrial Hygiene and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Burapha University) ;
  • Yingratanasuk, Tanongsak (Department of Industrial Hygiene and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Burapha University) ;
  • Rotwannasin, Piti (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Burapha University) ;
  • Jaidee, Wanlop (Department of Public Health Foundations, Faculty of Public Health, Burapha University) ;
  • Krajaiklang, Narin (Department of Public Health Foundations, Faculty of Public Health, Burapha University)
  • Received : 2017.01.26
  • Accepted : 2017.06.28
  • Published : 2018.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background: Fatigue and sleepiness are inter-related and common among road transport drivers. In this study, sleep deprivation and fatigue among chemical transportation drivers were examined. Methods: A cross-sectional study surveying 107 drivers from three hazardous types of chemical production and transportation industries (nonflammable gases, flammable gases, and flammable liquids) was conducted. Data on sleep deprivation were collected using questionnaires of the Stanford Sleeping Scale and the Groningen Sleep Quality Scale. Fatigue was assessed using an interview questionnaire and a flicker fusion instrument. Results: Chemical drivers had a mean sleeping scale (Stanford Sleeping Scale) of 1.98 (standard deviation 1.00) and had a mean score of 1.89 (standard deviation 2.06) on the Groningen Sleep Quality Scale. High-risk drivers had higher scores in both the Stanford Sleeping Scale and the Groningen Sleep Quality Scale with a mean score of 2.59 and 4.62, respectively, and those differences reached statistical significance (p < 0.05). The prevalence of fatigue, as assessed through a critical flicker fusion analyzer, subjective fatigue question, and either of the instruments, was 32.32%, 16.16%, and 43.43%, respectively. Drivers who slept <7 hours and had poor sleep quality were found to have more fatigue than those who slept enough and well. Drivers who had a more sleepiness score resulted in significantly more objective fatigue than those who had a less sleepiness score. Conclusion: Sleep quality and sleeping hour can affect a driver's fatigue. Optimization of work-rest model should be considered to improve productivity, driver retention, and road safety.

Keywords

References

  1. Department of Land Transport, Ministry of Transport (MOT). Traffic statistics [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2015 Sept 10]. Available from: http://www.mot.go.th/statmot.html.
  2. Jamroz K, Smolarek L. Driver fatigue and road safety on Poland's national roads. Int J Occup Saf Ergon 2013;19(2):297-309. https://doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2013.11076987
  3. Workplace Safety and Health Guidelines. Fatigue management [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2016 Dec 31]. Available from: https://www.wshc.sg/files/wshc/ upload/cms/file/2014/Fatigue Management.pdf.
  4. Shen J, Barbera J, Shapiro CM. Distinguishing sleepiness and fatigue: focus on definition and measurement. Sleep Med Rev 2006;10:63-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2005.05.004
  5. Mohren D, Jansen N, van Amelsvoort L, Kant IJ. An epidemiological approach of fatigue and work. Experiences from the Maastricht Cohort Study. Amersfoort: Wilco Publishers; 2007.
  6. Williamson A, Lombardi D, Folkard S, Stutts J, Courtney T, Connor J. The links between fatigue, safety and performance. Accid Anal Prev 2011;43:498-515. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2009.11.011
  7. Fletcher A, McCulloch K, Baulk SD, Dawson D. Countermeasures to driver fa- tigue: a review of public awareness campaigns and legal approaches. Aust NZ J Public Health 2005;29(5):471-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842X.2005.tb00229.x
  8. Dan M, Hongting L, Wenshu L. A review study of driving fatigue detection methods based on physiological signal. Chin J Ergon 2012;18(1):67-9.
  9. Drobnich DA. A National Sleep Foundation's conference summary: the National Summit to prevent drowsy driving and a new call to action. Ind Health 2005;43:197-200. https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.43.197
  10. Schwebel DC, Severson J, Ball KK, Rizzo M. Individual difference factors in risky driving: the roles of anger/hostility, conscientiousness, and sensation-seeking. Accid Anal Prev 2006;38(4):801-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2006.02.004
  11. Pepple G, Adio A. Visual function of drivers and its relationship to road traffic accidents in Urban Africa. Springerplus 2014;3:47-53. https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-3-47
  12. Duke J, Guest M, Boggess M. Age-related safety in professional heavy vehicle drivers: a literature review. Accid Anal Prev 2010;42:364-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2009.09.026
  13. Rajaratnam SMW, Howard ME, Grunstein RR. Sleep loss and circadian disruption in shift work: health burden and management. Med J Aust 2013;199(8):S11-5.
  14. Sze SK, Tamrin SBM, Goh YM. Driving fatigue and performance among occupational drivers in simulated prolonged driving. Global J Health Sci 2010;2(1):167-77.
  15. Boonpa P, Lormpong M, Pusapukdeepob J. Factors related to fatigue among bus drivers in zone of Bangkok Mass Transit Authority, Bangkok. Public Health J Burapha Univ 2013;8(2):46-58.
  16. Milia LD, Smolensky MH, Costa G, Howarth HD, Ohayon MM, Philip P. Demographic factors, fatigue and driving accidents: an examination of the published literature. Accid Anal Prev 2011;43(2):516-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2009.12.018
  17. Singh H, Bhatia JS, Kaur J. Eye tracking based driver fatigue monitoring and warning system. India International Conference on Power Electronics, IICPE 2010, January 28, 2011-January 30, IEEE Computer Society, New Delhi, India.
  18. Smolensky MD, Milia L, Ohyayon M, Philip P. Demographic factors and fatigue: chronic medical conditions and sleep disorders. Accid Anal Prev 2011;43:516-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2009.12.018
  19. Morad Y, Barkana Y, Zadok D, Hartstein M, Pras E, Bar-Dayan Y. Ocular parameters as an objective tool for the assessment of truck. Accid Anal Prev 2009;41:856-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2009.04.016
  20. Fox News Travel. Top 10 countries with deadliest roads for travelers [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2016 Apr 10]. Available from: http://www.foxnews.com/travel/2014/02/21/top-10-deadliest-countries-for-drivers.html.
  21. Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management, Chulalongkorn University. Knowledge platformon chemical safety [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2015 Dec 25]. Available from: http://www.chemtrack.org/BoardFile/F3-4-1.pdf.
  22. Piper BF, Dibble SL, Dodd MJ, Weiss MC, Slaughter RE. The revise Piper fatigue scale: psychometric evaluation in women with breast cancer. Oncol Nurs Forum 1998;25:677-84.
  23. Hoddes E, Zarcone V, Smythe H, Phillips R, Dement WC. Quantification of sleepiness: a new approach. Psychophysiology 1973;10(4):431-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1973.tb00801.x
  24. Mulder-Hajonides van der Meulen WREH, Wijnberg JR, Hollanders JJ, DeDiana I, Hoofdakker R. Measurement of subjective sleep quality. Eur Sleep Res Soc Abstracts 1980;5:98.
  25. Jafarian S, Gorouhi F, Taghva A, Lotfi J. High altitude sleep disturbance: results of the Groningen Sleep Quality Questionnaire survey. Sleep Med 2008;994: 446-9.
  26. Williams TM, Aderanti RA. Sleep as a determinant of academic performance of university students in Ogun state, South west, Nigeria. Eur Sci J 2014;10(13): 657-64.
  27. Killgore WDS, Balkin TJ, Wesensten NJ. Impaired decision-making following 49 hours of sleep deprivation. J Sleep Res 2006;15:7-13.
  28. Crowley S, Acebo C, Carskadon MA. Circadian rhythms and circadian rhythm disorders in adolescents. Sleep Med Rev 2007;8(6):602-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2006.12.002
  29. Hossain JL, Ahmad P, Reinish LW, Kayumov L, Hossain NK, Shapiro CM. Subjective fatigue and subjective sleepiness: two independent consequences of sleep disorders? J Sleep Res 2005;14(3):245-53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2869.2005.00466.x
  30. Arnedt JT, Wilde GJS, Munt PW, MacLean AW. How do prolonged wakefulness and alcohol compare in the decrements they produce on a simulated driving task? Accid Anal Prev 2001;33:337-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-4575(00)00047-6
  31. Hanowski RJ, Hickman J, Fumero MC, Olson RL, Dingus TA. The sleep of commercial vehicle drivers under the 2003 hours-of-service regulations. Accid Anal Prev 2007;39(6):1140-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2007.02.011
  32. Kim H, Young T. Subjective daytime sleepiness: dimensions and correlates in the general population. Sleep 2005;28(5):625-34. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/28.5.625
  33. Weil JV. Sleep at high altitude. High Alt Med Biol 2004;5:180-9. https://doi.org/10.1089/1527029041352162
  34. Torlot FJ, McPhail MJW, Taylor-Robinson SD. Meta-analysis: the diagnostic accuracy of critical flicker frequency in minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2013;37(5):527-36. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.12199
  35. Shankar H, Pesudovs K. Critical flicker fusion test of potential vision. J Cataract Refract Surg 2007;33:232-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2006.10.042
  36. Krueger GP. Technologies and methods for monitoring driver alertness and detecting driver fatigue: a review applicable to long haul truck driving: Technical report for American Transportation Research Institute and Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration; June 2004.
  37. van der Hulst M. Long workdays and health. Scand J Work Environ Health 2003;29:171-88. https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.720
  38. Akerstedt T. Shift work and sleep disturbance. Scientific symposium: the health effects of shift work. Toronto [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2015 Dec 18]. Available from: http://www.iwh.on.ca/system/files/documents/shift_work_2010_akerstedt_abstract.pdf 2010.

Cited by

  1. Sleep quality among industrial workers: related factors and impact vol.33, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1108/jhr-08-2018-0072
  2. Factors associated with sleep quality of Thai intercity bus drivers vol.57, pp.5, 2018, https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.2018-0168