DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Zygomaticomaxillary buttress and its dilemma

  • Malaviya, Pallavi (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, NIMS Dental College and Hospital) ;
  • Choudhary, Sandeep (Department of Oral Medicine Diagnosis and Radiology, NIMS Dental College and Hospital)
  • Received : 2017.04.08
  • Accepted : 2017.06.05
  • Published : 2018.08.31

Abstract

Zygomatic fractures are the second most common fractures of the facial skeleton, after nasal bone fractures. Due to its uniqueness, the malar bone plays a very important role in maintaining appropriate facial contours. Zygomatic fractures can cause ocular and mandibular functional impairment, along with cosmetic defects. With the help of advanced imaging techniques and various treatment options, the management of zygomatic fractures has become more sophisticated and less invasive. This article discusses zygomatic fractures in detail: their clinical and radiographic features, and the various treatment options available.

Keywords

References

  1. Ellis E 3rd, Kittidumkerng W. Analysis of treatment for isolated zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1996;54:386-400. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-2391(96)90107-X
  2. Chowdhury SR, Menon PS. Etiology and management of zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures in the armed forces. Med J Armed Forces India 2005;61:238-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-1237(05)80162-5
  3. Nayyar MS. Management of zygomatic complex fracture. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2002;12:700-5.
  4. Manson PN, Hoopes JE, Su CT. Structural pillars of the facial skeleton: an approach to the management of Le Fort fractures. Plast Reconstr Surg 1980;66:54-62. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-198007000-00010
  5. Hwang K, Kim DH. Analysis of zygomatic fractures. J Craniofac Surg 2011;22:1416-21. https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e31821cc28d
  6. Rowe NL, Killey HC. Fractures of the facial skeleton. 2nd ed. Edinburgh, London: E&S Livingstone; 1968.
  7. Knight JS, North JF. The classification of malar fractures: an analysis of displacement as a guide to treatment. Br J Plast Surg 1961;13:325-39.
  8. Marinho RO, Freire-Maia B. Management of fractures of the zygomaticomaxillary complex. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2013;25:617-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coms.2013.07.011
  9. Nakib S, Schon R. Mittelgesichtsfrakturen. MKG Chirurg 2014;7:35-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12285-013-0382-7
  10. Hardt N, Kuttenberger J. Craniofacial trauma. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer; 2010.
  11. Cornelius CP, Gellrich N, Hillerup S, Kusumoto K, Schubert W, Fusetti S. AO Surgery Reference [Internet]. Davos: AO Foundation [cited 2017 Jan 15]. Available from: https://www2.aofoundation. org/wps/portal/surgery.
  12. Evans BG, Evans GR. MOC-PSSM CME article: Zygomatic fractures. Plast Reconstr Surg 2008;121(1 Suppl):1-11.
  13. Kovacs AF, Ghahremani M. Minimization of zygomatic complex fracture treatment. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2001;30:380-3. https://doi.org/10.1054/ijom.2001.0131
  14. Patil S, Patil RS. Zygomatic arch fracture reduction via Gillie's (temporal) approach-report of 3 cases. Indian J Mednodent Allied Sci 2014;2:126-9. https://doi.org/10.5958/j.2347-6206.2.1.027
  15. Salinas JB, Vira D, David H, Elashoff D, Abemayor E, John MS. Steimann pin repair of zygomatic complex fractures. Int J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013;2:74-8. https://doi.org/10.4236/ijohns.2013.22018
  16. Rehman AU, Ansari SR, Shah SM, Rehman B. Pattern of zygomatic bone fractures and treatment modalities: a study. Pakistan Oral Dent J 2010;30:36-40.
  17. Ellis E, Zide M. Surgical approaches to the facial skeleton. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006.
  18. Fernandes YB, Maitrot D, Kehrli P, Tella OI Jr, Ramina R, Borges G. Supraorbital eyebrow approach to skull base lesions. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2002;60:246-50. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-282X2002000200012
  19. Ahamed T, Sundararajan V, Ramanathan S. Management of zygomatic complex fractures with two point fixation. IJSS Case Rep Rev 2014;1:25-6.
  20. Langsdon PR, Rohman GT, Hixson R, Stumpe MR, Metzinger SE. Upper lid transconjunctival versus transcutaneous approach for fracture repair of the lateral orbital rim. Ann Plast Surg 2010;65:52-5. https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181c1fe14
  21. Rajkumar K, Mukhopadhyay P, Sinha R, Bandyopadhyay TK. 'Y' Modification of the transconjunctival approach for management of zygomatic complex fractures: a prospective analysis. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2016;15:45-51. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-015-0781-6
  22. Oestreicher J, Mehta S. Complications of blepharoplasty: prevention and management. Plast Surg Int 2012;2012:252368.
  23. Thangavelu K, Ganesh NS, Kumar JA, Sabitha S, Nikil. Evaluation of the lateral orbital approach in management of zygomatic bone fractures. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2013;4:117-21. https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-9668.107271
  24. Ebenezer V, Ramalingam B, Sivakumar M. Treatment of zygomatic complex fractures using two point fixation under general anaesthesia. World J Med Sci 2014;10:179-83.
  25. Rohrich RJ, Janis JE, Adams WP Jr. Subciliary versus subtarsal approaches to orbitozygomatic fractures. Plast Reconstr Surg 2003;111:1708-14. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.PRS.0000054209.18400.4E
  26. Habal MB, Chaset RB. Infraciliary transconjunctival approach to the orbital floor for correction of traumatic lesions. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1974;139:420-2.
  27. Manganello-Souza LC, Rodrigues de Freitas R. Transconjunctival approach to zygomatic and orbital floor fractures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1997;26:31-4.
  28. Crosara J, Rosa E, Silva M. Comparison of cutaneous incisions to approach the infraorbital rim and orbital floor. Braz J Oral Sci 2009;8:89-91.
  29. Holtmann B, Wray RC, Little AG. A randomized comparison of four incisions for orbital fractures. Plast Reconstr Surg 1981;67:731-7. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-198106000-00003
  30. Heckler FR, Songcharoen S, Sultani FA. Subciliary incision and skin-muscle eyelid flap for orbital fractures. Ann Plast Surg 1983;10:309-13. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000637-198304000-00009
  31. Bahr W, Bagambisa FB, Schlegel G, Schilli W. Comparison of transcutaneous incisions used for exposure of the infraorbital rim and orbital floor: a retrospective study. Plast Reconstr Surg 1992;90:585-91. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199210000-00006
  32. Netscher DT, Patrinely JR, Peltier M, Polsen C, Thornby J. Transconjunctival versus transcutaneous lower eyelid blepharoplasty: a prospective study. Plast Reconstr Surg 1995;96:1053-60. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199510000-00007
  33. Giraddi GB, Syed MK. Preseptal transconjunctival vs. subciliary approach in treatment of infraorbital rim and floor fractures. Ann Maxillofac Surg 2012;2:136-40. https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-0746.101338
  34. Coronal approach [Internet]. Davos: AO Foundation [2009 Dec 3; cited 2017 Jan 15]. Available from: https://goo.gl/SQAHMr.
  35. Rajmohan S, Tauro D, Bagulkar B, Vyas A. Coronal/hemicoronal approach: a gateway to craniomaxillofacial region. J Clin Diagn Res 2015;9:PC01-5.
  36. Zhuang QW, Zhang XP, Wang X, Zhang J, Li ZP, Si YM, et al. Coronal approach to zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2015;19:703-11.
  37. Srivastava A, Sharma R, Chandramala R. Versatility of buccal sulcus approach for zygomatic complex fractures. E-Journal of Dentistry 2012;2:46-51.
  38. Courtney DJ. Upper buccal sulcus approach to management of fractures of the zygomatic complex: a retrospective study of 50 cases. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1999;37:464-6. https://doi.org/10.1054/bjom.1999.0010
  39. de Souza Carvalho AC, Pereira CC, Queiroz TP, Magro-Filho O. Intraoral approach to zygomatic fracture: modified technique for infraorbital rim fixation. J Craniofac Surg 2012;23:537-8. https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3182418ea6
  40. Kuhnel TS, Reichert TE. Trauma of the midface. GMS Curr Top Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2015;14:Doc06.
  41. Dakir A, Muthumani T, Prabu NP, Mohan R, Maity A. One point fixation of zygomatic tripod fractures in the zygomatic buttress through Keen's intraoral approach: a review of 30 cases. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2015;7(Suppl 1):S238-41.
  42. Fujioka M, Yamanoto T, Miyazato O, Nishimura G. Stability of one-plate fixation for zygomatic bone fracture. Plast Reconstr Surg 2002;109:817-8. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-200202000-00069
  43. Kim JH, Lee JH, Hong SM, Park CH. The effectiveness of 1-point fixation for zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2012;138:828-32. https://doi.org/10.1001/archoto.2012.1815
  44. Rana M, Warraich R, Tahir S, Iqbal A, von See C, Eckardt AM, et al. Surgical treatment of zygomatic bone fracture using two points fixation versus three point fixation--a randomised prospective clinical trial. Trials 2012;13:36. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-13-36
  45. Bui TG, Bell RB, Dierks EJ. Technological advances in the treatment of facial trauma. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2012;20:81-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cxom.2011.12.006
  46. Lee CH, Lee C, Trabulsy PP. Endoscopic-assisted repair of a malar fracture. Ann Plast Surg 1996;37:178-83. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000637-199608000-00011

Cited by

  1. Classification of the journal category "oral surgery" in the Scopus and the Science Citation Index Expanded: flaws and suggestions vol.45, pp.4, 2018, https://doi.org/10.5125/jkaoms.2019.45.4.186