Journal of Environmental Health Sciences (한국환경보건학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Health (한국환경보건학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Indoor Air Quality and Human Health Risk Assessment for Un-regulated Small-sized Sensitive Population Facilities

소규모 다중이용시설의 실내공기질 실태조사 및 건강위해성평가: 민감군 이용시설을 중심으로

  • Shin, Hyejin (Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Park, Woosang (Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim, Bokyung (Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Ji, Kyunghee (Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Yongin University) ;
  • Kim, Ki-Tae (Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology)
  • 신혜진 (국립환경과학원 환경건강연구부) ;
  • 박우상 (서울과학기술대학교 에너지환경공학과) ;
  • 김보경 (국립환경과학원 환경건강연구부) ;
  • 지경희 (용인대학교 산업환경보건학과) ;
  • 김기태 (서울과학기술대학교 에너지환경공학과)
  • Received : 2018.07.05
  • Accepted : 2018.08.20
  • Published : 2018.08.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate human health risk assessment of indoor air pollutants at small-sized public-use facilities (e.g., daycare centers, hospital and elderly care facilities) that the susceptible population is mainly used. Methods: To assess indoor air quality (IAQ), the concentrations of indoor air contaminants such as HCHO, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, styrene, PM-10, CO, $NO_2$ and $O_3$ in air samples were measured according to the Indoor Air Quality Standard Method. By conducting the questionnaire survey, the major factors influencing IAQ were identified. Human health risk assessment was carried out in the consideration of type of use (user and worker) at 75 daycare centers, 34 hospitals and 40 elderly care facilities. Results: As a result of measurement of indoor air contaminants, the average concentration of HCHO and TVOCs in hospitals was higher than daycare centers and elderly care facilities, about 8.8 and 23.5% of hospitals were exceeded by IAQ standard. In human health risk assessment, for the user of daycare centers and elderly care facilities, the mean carcinogenic risk of HCHO inhalation was higher than acceptable value. Except for HCHO, other values were determined under acceptable risk. Similarly, for the worker of hospitals, the mean carcinogenic risk of HCHO inhalation was higher than acceptable value and other values were evaluated under acceptable risk. In contrast, the risk levels of other contaminants measured in elderly care facilities were acceptable. In the determination of factors influencing IAQ, the construction year, building type, ventilation time, and the use of air cleaner were identified. Conclusions: This study provides the information for establishing the plans of public health management of IAQ at small-sized public-use facilities that have not yet been placed under the regulation. The findings suggest the consideration of human health risk assessment results for the IAQ standards.

Keywords

References

  1. Korea Environment Institute. A study on public opinion survey and policies on indoor air pollution in korea. 2001
  2. World Health Organization. Guidelines for air quality. 2000
  3. Fisk WJ, Rosenfeld AH. Estimates of Improved Productivity and Health from Better Indoor Environments. Indoor Air. 1997; 7: 158-172. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.1997.t01-1-00002.x
  4. Srinivasan S, O'Fallon LR, Dearry A. Creating healthy communities, healthy homes, healthy people: initiating a research agenda on the built environment and public health. Am J Public Health. 2003; 93: 1446-1450. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.93.9.1446
  5. Harrison PTC. Indoor air quality guidelines. Occup Environ Med. 2002; 59: 73-74. https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.59.2.73
  6. National Academy of Sciences (NAS). Human exposure assessment for airbone pollutants Washington D.C. 1993.
  7. Wyon DP. The effects of indoor air quality on performance and productivity. Indoor Air. 2004; 14: 92-101.
  8. Mull TE. HVAC Principles and Applications Manual. New York, McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-044451-X. 1997;
  9. Bobenhausen W. Simplified Design of HVAC Systems. New York. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 1-180. ISBN 0-471-53280-0. 1994;
  10. Yoon Shin Kim, Young Man Roh, Cheol Min Lee, Ki Yeon Kim, Jong Cheol Kim, Hyung Jin Jeon, et al. A Study of Excess Ratio for Guildeline of Indoor Air Pollutants in Classroom of Kindergartens. Korean Society for Indoor Environment. 2007; 4(1). 14-19.
  11. Ministry of Environment. Result of Air Quality Public Used Facilities in korea. 2015.
  12. Ministry of Health and Welfare. Survey on Asbestos Management in Day Care Center, 2017.
  13. Ministry of Health and Welfare. Status of Medical Institutions in Korea. 2015.
  14. Ministry of Health and Welfare. Status of Elderly Care Facilities in Korea. 2015.
  15. In Chul Ryu. Characteristics of Indoor Air Quality in Small Kindergarten Facilities in Seoul. Report of S.I.H.E. 2009; 45: 124-130.
  16. Natonal Institute of Environmental Research. Officially analysis Methods for Indoor Air Quality, ES 04751.1. 2017.
  17. Ministry of Environment. Guidance on procedures and methods for risk assessment of environmental hazard factors. 2017.
  18. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). available: http://www.epa.gov.iris[accessed 08, June 2018.
  19. Ministry of Environment. Korean Exposure Factors Handbook. 2007.
  20. Statistics Korea. Life Tables for Korea. 2013.
  21. European commission. Externalities of Energy (ExternE) Methodology. 2005.
  22. Seoul Development Institute. Study of Indoor Air Quality in Multi-use Facilities and Buildings in Seoul. 2004.
  23. Kyung Hwa Cho. Analysis of Indoor Air Quality in vulnerable facilities according to building characteristics. Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture. 2017; 23(2): 19-26.
  24. Sung Ki Jang. Indoor Air Quality of Elderly Care Facilities. Air Cleaning Technology. 2008; 21(3): 11-19.
  25. Yeon Jeong Go. A Study on Characteristics of Indoor Air Quality and Risk Assessment of Preschool Facility in Korea. [dissertation]. [Seoul]: University of Seoul; 2008.
  26. Won Young Lee. A Study on Concentration of Volatile Organic Compounds and Health Risk Assessment in the Child-care Centers in Seoul. [dissertation]. [Seoul]: University of Seoul; 2014.
  27. Hye Soo Shin. Characterization and risk assessment of VOCs in the child-care facilities. [dissertation]. [Seoul]: University of HanYang; 2012.
  28. Ministry of Environment. Indoor Air Quality Management Manual. 2006.
  29. Ministry of Environment. Indoor VOCs Characterization and Control Methodology. 2001.