Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry

The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistry (한국응용생명화학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Antimicrobial, antifungal effect and safety verification using BCOP assay of extracts from Coptis chinensis

황련(Coptis chinensis) 추출물의 항균, 항진균 효과와 BCOP 분석을 이용한 안전성 검증

  • Kim, Eun-Hee (Department of Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Haany University) ;
  • Jang, Young-Ah (Department of Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Haany University) ;
  • Kim, Sol-Bi (Department of Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Haany University) ;
  • Kim, Han-Hyuk (Medical Convergence Textile Center, Reasearch & Certification Team, Gyeongbuk Technopark) ;
  • Lee, Jin-Tae (Department of Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Haany University)
  • Received : 2018.06.26
  • Accepted : 2018.09.18
  • Published : 2018.09.29
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Coptis chinensis is used in oriental medicine for soothing, anti-inflammation, antimicrobial and antipyretic properties, and its main ingredient berberine is known to have strong antibacterial activity. In this study, we investigated the anti-microbial effect of hot water extract of Coptis chinensis (CW) on skin related microorganism and the airborne microbe, the antifungal effects of fungi, which are frequently detected in residential environments. CW showed antibacterial effect against Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, against the airborne microbe, which was collected in four different places. At the concentration of 100 mg/mL, the antimicrobial activity continued for 42 days, showed heat stability without change in the antimicrobial activity even after heat treatment. The MIC and MBC of CW against S. aureus was 0.03, 0.05 mg/mL, against S. epidermidis was 0.50, 0.75 mg/mL and against P. acne was 0.10, 0.15 mg/mL. As a result of measuring the MIC of four kinds of fungi with high detection frequency in the surrounding environment, Gliocladium virens was 65 mg/mL by determined as MIC which can inhibit one hundred percent of mycelial growth. The concentration 90 mg/mL was determined as MIC against Aureobasidium pullulans and 100 mg/mL against Penicilium pinophilum and Chaetomium globosum. CW was considered a safe extract that showed no irritation even in the ocular mucous membrane irritation evaluation test, a patch test. Therefore, these results suggest that Coptis chinensis has antimicrobial, antifungal and safety on human body and can be applied to the development of materials for cosmetic and residential environment industries.

황련은 한의학에서 진정, 소염, 항균 및 해열에 쓰이고 있으며, 주성분인 berberine은 강력한 항균작용을 가지는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 황련에 대한 피부상재균 및 주거환경의 실내 낙하균에 대한 항균효과와 주거 환경에서 검출빈도가 높은 곰팡이에 대한 항진균 효과 및 인체에 대한 안전성을 조사하였다. 황련 열수 추출물(CW)은 Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis에 대해 항균 효과를 보였으며, 각기 다른 4곳에서 포집된 실내 낙하균에 대해서도 항균효과를 보였다. 100 mg/mL의 농도에서 42일까지 항균의 지속력과 열처리 후에도 항균력의 변화가 없는 열 안정성을 보여주었다. CW의 MIC와 MBC는 S. aureus는 0.03, 0.05 mg/mL, S. epidermidis는 0.50, 0.75 mg/mL, P. acne는 0.10, 0.15 mg/mL 였다. 주변 환경에서 검출빈도가 높은 5종의 곰팡이 중 4종에 대해 항진균 활성을 보였으며, 균사 생장의 100%를 억제할 수 있는 최저 농도로 결정하여 MIC를 측정한 결과 Gliocladium virens는 65 mg/mL이었다. Aureobasidium pullulans에 대한 MIC는 90 mg/mL, Penicilium pinophilum 및 Chaetomium globosum에 대한 MIC는 100 mg/mL로 측정되었다. 피부자극 테스트인 패치테스트와 안자극 테스트인 ocular mucous membrane irritation evaluation test에서도 CW는 자극을 보이지 않는 안전한 추출물로 간주되었다. 따라서, 이러한 결과는, 황련(Coptis chinensis)은 항균, 항진균 활성 및 인체 안전성을 가지는 화장품 및 주거 환경 산업의 소재 개발에 응용될 수 있음을 시사한다.

Keywords

References

  1. Tabance N, Kirimer N, Demirci F, Baser K (2001) Composotion and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Micromeria cristata subsp. phrygia and the enantiomeric distribution of borenol. J Agric Food Chem 49: 4300-4303 https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0105034
  2. Sofos JN, Beuchat LR, Davidson PM, Johns EA (1998) Naturally ocurring and miscellaneous food antimicrobials. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 28: 71-72 https://doi.org/10.1006/rtph.1998.1246
  3. Conner DE, Beuchat IR (1984) Effest of essential oils from plants on growth of food spoilage yeasts. J Food Sci 49: 429 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1984.tb12437.x
  4. Woo WS (2001) Natural Product Chemistry Research Act. Seoul National University Press. 32-45
  5. Oh DH, Ham SS, Park BK, Ahn C, Yu JY (1998) Antimicrobial activities of natural medicinal herbs on the food spoilage or food borne disease microorganisms. J Kor Food Sci Technol 30: 957-963
  6. Cho MH, Bae EK, Ha SD, Park JY (2005) Application of natural antimicrobials to food industry. J Food Sci & Industry 38: 36-45
  7. Cho JY, Choi I, Hwang EK (2003) Antimicrobial acttivity of extracts from medicinal herbs against Escherichia coli. Kor J Vet Res 43: 625-631
  8. Kim HJ, Ahn MS, Kim GH, Kang MH (2006) Antioxidative from different aerial part. Kor J Food Sci Technol 38: 799-804
  9. Yoon SY, Lee SY, Kim KBWR, Song EJ, Kim SJ, Lee SJ, Lee CJ, Ahn DH (2009) Antimicrobial activity of the solvent extract from different parts of Orostachys japonica., J Kor Soc Food Sci Nutr 38: 14-18 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2009.38.1.014
  10. Eftekhar NS (1973) The Surgeon and Clean Air in the Operating room. Clinical Orthopacdics and Related Research 96: 188-194
  11. Johnson MD, Kim HR, Chesler L, Taao-Wu G, Bouck N, Polverini PJ (1994) Inhibition of angiogenesis by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase. J Cell Physiol 160: 194-202 https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041600122
  12. Robbins CA, Swenson L (2000) Health Effects of Mycotoxins in Indoor Air: A Critical Review. J Occup Environ Hyg 15: 773-784 https://doi.org/10.1080/10473220050129419
  13. Clark NM, Ammann HM, Brunekreef B, Eggleston P, Fisk WJ, Fullilove RE, Guernsey J, Nevalainen A, Von Essen SG, Brennan T, Douwes J (2004) Damp indoor spaces and health (executive summary), The National Academies Press Washington DC
  14. Choi JT, Kim YS (1993) Investigation on Concentration of Airborne Microbes in a Hospital. Kor J Env Hlth Soc 19: 30-36
  15. Chung YH, Hong JB, Chang YH (2001) Study on the microbial air pollution of urban living and indoor environment. Kor J Env Hlth Soc 27: 1-9
  16. Perez RI, Chacon J, Fidalgo A, Martin J, Paraiso V, Munoz-Bellido JL (1997) Peritonitis by Aureobasidium pullulans in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 12: 1544-1545 https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/12.7.1544
  17. Bolignano G, Criseo G (2003) Disseminated Nosocomial Fungal Infection by Aureobasidium pullulans var. melanigenum: a Case Report. J Clin Microbiol 41: 4483-4485 https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.41.9.4483-4485.2003
  18. Miller JH, Giddens JE, Foster AA (1957) A survey of the fungi of forest and cultivated soils of Georgia. Mycologia 49: 779-808 https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1957.12024692
  19. Buommino E, Tirino V, De Filippis A, Silvestri F, Nicoletti R, Ciavatta ML, Pirozzi G, Tufano MA (2011) 3-O-methylfunicone, from Penicillium pinophilum, is a selective inhibitor of breast cancer stem cells. Cell Prolif 44: 401-409 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2184.2011.00766.x
  20. Provost N, Shi C, She Y, Cyr T, Miller D (2013) Characterization of an antigenic chitosanase from the cellulolytic fungus Chaetomium globosum. Med Mycol 51: 290-299 https://doi.org/10.3109/13693786.2012.715246
  21. Samson RA, Houbraken J, Summerbell RC, Flannigan B, Miller JD (2011) Common and important species of fungi and actinomycetes in indoor environments. Microogranisms in Home and Indoor Work Environments, pp 321-511
  22. Ji YJ, Lee JW, Lee IS (2007) Antimicrobial effect of medicinal plants against methicllin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA). J Life Sci 17: 412-419 https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2007.17.3.412
  23. Kim BS, Jang HS, Choi CS, Kim JS, Kwon GS, Kwun IS, Son KH, Sohn HY (2008) Antifungal activity of Zanthaxylum schinifolium against Fusarium graminearum, a barley powdery mildew fungus. J of Life Sci 18: 974-979 https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2008.18.7.974
  24. Mobley HLT, Cortesia MJ, Roseuthal LE, Jones BD (1988) Characterization of urease from Campylobacter pylori. J Clin Microbiol 26: 831-836
  25. Yun NR, Jeong IY, Lee YN, Lim JY (2008) Antibacterial activity of chitosan acetate on bacteria associated with food-borne disease. J Chitin Chitosan, 13: 30-35
  26. Park KM, You JS, Lee HY, Baek NI, Hwang JK (2003) Kuwanon G: an antibacterial agent from the root bark of Morus alba against oral pathogens. J thnopharmacol 84: 181-185 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00318-5
  27. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards(NCCLS) (2002) Reference Method for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically; Approved Standard M7-A6. NCCLS, Wayne
  28. ASTM G-21 (2009) Standard Practice for Determining Resistance of Synthetic Polymeric Materials to Fungi, American Society for Testing and Material
  29. Vinale F, Marra R, Scala F, Ghisalberti EL, Lorito M, Sivasithamparam K (2006) Major secondary metabolites produced by two commercial Trichoderma strains active against different phytopathogens. Lett Appl Microbiol 43: 143-148 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2006.01939.x
  30. Yamamoto A, Serizawa S, Ito M, Sato Y (1991) Stratum corneum lipid abnormalities in atopic dermatitis. Arch Derm Res 283: 219-223 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01106105
  31. Cazedey ECL, Carvalho FC, Fiorentino FAM, Gremiao MPD, Salgado HRN (2009) $Corrositex^{(R)}$, BCOP and HET-CAM as alternative methods to animal experimentation. Braz J Pharm Sci 45: 759-766 https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-82502009000400021
  32. Donahue DA, Kaufman LE, Avalos J, Simion FA, Cerven DR (2011) Survey of ocular irritation predictive capacity using Chorioallantoic Membrane Vascular Assay (CAMVA) and Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (BCOP) test historical data for 319 personal care products over fourteen years. Toxicol In Vitro 25: 563-572 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2010.12.003
  33. Kim SJ, Yang HY, Lee SG (2009) Antimicrobial Effect and Cytotoxicity of Chinensis Galla. Korean J Oriental Physiology & Pathology 23: 412-415
  34. Mehnaz P, Md Abul H, Lim BO (2013) Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Vaccinium corymbosum L. leaf extract. Asian Pac J Trop Dis 3: 444-453 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2222-1808(13)60099-7
  35. Kim YH, Lee SM, Cheon SJ, Jang MJ, Jun DH, Choi HJ, Cho WA, Lee JT (2007) Study on cosmeceutical activity of four kinds of Korea herb medicine materials. J Kor Soc F & B 5: 130-138
  36. Kim BC (2010) Quality Characteristics and medicated diet approach of Sulgidduk added with Gamcha(Hydranea serrata SERINGE) powder. Dissertation, Myong-ji University
  37. Lee SG, Lee SH, Park EJ (2015) Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of ethanol leaf extract of Dendropanax morbiferus Lev.. Korean J food cook sci 31: 515-523 https://doi.org/10.9724/kfcs.2015.31.5.515
  38. Lee NK, Jung BS, Na DS, Yu HH, Kim JS, Paik HD (2016) The impact of antimicrobial effect of chestnut inner shell extracts against Campylobacter jejuni in chicken meat. Food Sci Technol 65: 746-750
  39. Jang MJ, Kim YH, An BJ, Lee CE, Lee JT, Kim SH, Lee BG, Lee DH (2008) Study on anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial effect of Pinus rigida Mill. Inner bark extracts as a cosmetic material. J Korean For Soc 97: 215-220
  40. Han SH (2011) Antimicrobial effects of edible medicinal herbs extracts on foodborne pathogens. Dissertation, Sunchon National University
  41. Park HS (2011) Cultivation of Mushroom(phellinus linteus Mycelium) on Brown Rice Investigation of antibacterial activity. Dissertation, Kyonggi University
  42. Yun JJ (2016) Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of ethanol extracts and fractions from Curcuma longa Linne. Dissertation, Sunchon National University
  43. Hong SB, Lee CH (2015) Antimicrobial activity of Houttuynia cordata ethanol extract against major clinical resistant microorganisms. Korean J Clin Lab Sci 47: 140-146 https://doi.org/10.15324/kjcls.2015.47.3.140
  44. Oh YO (2016) A study of anti-oxidative, anti-melanogenic, antimicrobial from teatree(Melaleuca alternifolia) extract under water, ethanol extract condition. Dissertation, Daegu Haany University
  45. Lee SJ (1999) Isolation and identification of antimicrobial active substance from Coptis chinesis Franch extract. Dissertation, Kyung Sang University
  46. Kim HJ (2010) Antimicrobial activity and bactericidial potency of Galla rhois extracts. Dissertation, Keimyung University
  47. Cox CS (1989) Airborne bacteria and viruses. Sci Prog 73: 469-499
  48. Park HS, Kang IS, Kim JW, Eo HJ (2004) A study of airborne microbes in the NSICU according to number of persons who pass through every hour. J Kor Acad Funda Nurs 11: 41-48
  49. Chung KH, Kim JT, Lee SH, Lee YC (2001) Antmicrobial activity of omija(Schizandra chinensis) extracts. J Kor Soc Food Sci Nutr 30: 127-132
  50. Lee SY, Ahn DH, Hong YK, Kim KBWR, Kim SJ, Lee SJ, Lim SM, Song EJ, Yoon SY (2009) Antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract from Sargassum thunbergii. J Kor Soc Food Sci Nutr 38: 502-508 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2009.38.4.502
  51. Lee CE, Jo JK, Kim JD, Lee DG, Kim WS, Lee SH (2017) Verification of antibacterial activities of oriental herbal medicine extracts. J Life Sci 27: 611-616

Cited by

  1. 티트리 (Melaleuca alternifolia) 추출물의 항균 활성 vol.20, pp.5, 2018, https://doi.org/10.5762/kais.2019.20.5.102