Journal of agricultural medicine and community health (농촌의학ㆍ지역보건)

Korean Society for Rural Medicine and Community Health (한국농촌의학지역보건학회)
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Factors Affecting on the Quality of Life of the Elderly with Mild Dementia Living in Some Rural Community in Korea

일 농촌지역 경증 치매노인의 삶의 질 영향요인

  • Received : 2018.09.17
  • Accepted : 2018.09.28
  • Published : 2018.09.30
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Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the influencing factor of the quality of life of the elderly with mild dementia in rural community. Methods: A total of 123 elderly who were managed by public health center participated. They were diagnosed as mild dementia by MMSE-DS and CDR. Data were collected during the period from May to September in 2017 by a structured questionnaire that included general characteristics, depression, dependence, comorbidity, sleep scale. Data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The quality of life was correlated significantly with depression. Depression was the factor affecting the quality of life of the elderly with mild dementia in rural community. Depression accounted for 54.0% as a variable of quality of life. Conclusion: This study was meaningful in that it directly measured the quality of life of the elderly with mild dementia is known to be difficult to measure and found meaningful results. it is necessary to identify the cause of depression and establish a linkage system between public health centers and health related organizations in the community. We suggest the need for individualized preventive intervention program and integrated psychological health service considering depression.

본 연구는 농촌지역 경증 치매노인의 삶의 질을 측정하고, 이들의 인구사회학적 특성, 주관적 건강인식, 동반질환, 의존성, 수면, 우울 등 대상자의 삶의 질에 관련된 요인들을 살펴본 상관연구로써, 대상자의 삶의 질 향상을 위한 여러 대안들을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 본 연구의 대상자는 본 연구의 수행에 동의한 충청북도 ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$군 보건소에 등록된 65세 이상의 경증 치매노인으로, 대상자로부터 동의서를 받은 후 설문지를 이용하여 자료 수집을 하였다. 본 연구결과 농촌지역 경증 치매노인의 주관적 건강인식과 의존성, 수면, 우울이 삶의 질과 상관성을 보이는 것으로 나타났고, 우울은 삶의 질의 변인으로써 54%를 설명하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 삶의 질에 유의한 예측변수는 우울이었다. 위의 결과로 다음과 같은 제언을 하고자 한다. 첫째, 대상자의 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 우울의 원인을 파악하고, 그에 따른 지원정책을 분류하여 제공할 필요가 있다고 생각된다. 둘째, 대상자의 우울이 삶의 질에 영향을 주는 것으로 볼 때, 치매노인들의 정신적 건강상태에 따른 의료적 환경과 접근에 있어서 보다 더 용이한 환경이 되도록 보건소와 병원, 노인전문요양시설간의 지역사회내의 연계체계 구축을 통해 통합적 정신건강서비스를 제공할 필요가 있다고 생각된다. 특히 지역 간 보건의료자원의 불균형이 심한 농촌지역의 특성을 고려하여 보건소를 기점으로 보건지소나 보건진료소와 같은 공공보건의료체계를 포괄적이고 효율적으로 보강할 것을 제언한다. 셋째, 본 연구는 일개 농촌지역에 국한되어 선정 기준에 맞는 대상자들만 연구에 포함시켰기 때문에 연구결과를 우리나라 전체 경증 치매노인에게 일반화시키는데 제한적이므로 연구지역을 확대할 것을 제언한다. 또한 경증치매 노인을 위해 개발되는 간결한 검증된 도구의 사용이 필요하다고 본다. 넷째, 경증 치매노인이 평균적으로 어느 정도의 우울을 동반하는지에 대한 후속 연구를 통해 치매정도를 고려한 인지향상 프로그램 외에 우울의 정도에 따른 개별화된 예방 중재 프로그램이 개발되어 장기적인 효과를 확인할 것을 제언한다.

Keywords

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