Korean Journal of Metals and Materials (대한금속재료학회지)

The Korean Institute of Metals and Materials (대한금속재료학회)
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Recovery of Lithium as Li3PO4 from Waste Water in a LIB Recycling Process

폐리튬이온전지 재활용 공정 폐액으로부터 리튬의 회수를 위한 인산리튬 침전 특성 연구

  • Song, Young-Jun (Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Kangwon National University)
  • 송영준 (강원대학교재료융합공학부)
  • Received : 2018.06.19
  • Accepted : 2018.08.13
  • Published : 2018.10.05
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Abstract

This study was conducted to obtain engineering design data for a process to recover lithium in the form of $Li_3PO_4$ from the waste water of a lithium ion battery (LIB) recycling process. The influence of temperature, pH, and concentration on the solubility of $Li_3PO_4$ and the reaction rate in the $Na_3PO_4-Li_2SO_4-H_2O$ system was investigated. As a result, the solubility of $Li_3PO_4$, 372 mg/L, increased to 417 mg/L as the reaction temperature increased from 20 to $90^{\circ}C$. At the same time, the reaction rate increased from $0.0174{\times}10^{-4}$ to $2.32{\times}10^{-4}mol/L{\cdot}s$. The yield of lithium phosphate rises in proportion to increases in the concentration of salt, temperature and pH, in the reaction of $3Li_2SO_4+2Na_3PO_4{\rightarrow}2Li_3PO_4+3Na_2SO_4$. That is, the higher the concentration, temperature and pH solution are, the more $Li_3PO_4$ precipitates. The temperature must be $70^{\circ}C$ or higher to obtain 90% or more $Li_3PO_4$ as a precipitate. The lithium phosphate particle formed at $20^{\circ}C$ are composed of secondary particles or their agglomerate, which is composed of primary particles of $0.01{\mu}m$ or less size. The size of the primary particle becomes bigger when the reaction temperature is raised and at $90^{\circ}C$ it becomes a large columnar particle, with a $10{\sim}20{\mu}m$ length and $5{\sim}10{\mu}m$ breadth.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 강원대학교

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