Journal of Nutrition and Health

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
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Association between antioxidant vitamin intake and obesity among Korean women: using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007 ~ 2016

우리나라 성인 여성의 항산화비타민 섭취량과 비만의 연관성 : 2007 ~ 2016년 국민 건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여

  • Ham, Dongwoo (Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Seong-Ah (Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University) ;
  • Jun, Shinyoung (Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University) ;
  • Kang, Min-Sook (Food and Nutrition Division, Department of Agro-food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Joung, Hyojee (Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University)
  • 함동우 (울대학교 보건환경연구소) ;
  • 김성아 (울대학교 보건환경연구소) ;
  • 전신영 (퍼듀대학교 영양학과) ;
  • 강민숙 (국립농업과학원 농식품자원부 식생활영양과) ;
  • 정효지 (울대학교 보건환경연구소)
  • Received : 2018.09.07
  • Accepted : 2018.10.10
  • Published : 2018.10.31
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Abstract

Purpose: This study examined the association between the antioxidant vitamin intake and obesity in Korean women. Methods: Adult women aged ${\geq}19years$ who completed a health examination and nutrition survey from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2007 ~ 2016 were selected for the study (n = 30,425). A BMI ${\geq}25kg/m^2$ and waist circumference ${\geq}85cm$ were defined as obesity and abdominal obesity, respectively. The individual antioxidant vitamin intake was estimated by linking the antioxidant vitamin composition database of commonly consumed foods and the subjects' 24-hour recall food consumption data. Carotenoids, retinol, vitamin A (retinol activity equivalent), vitamin C, tocopherols, and vitamin E (${\alpha}$-tocopherol equivalent) were included in the analysis. Each vitamin intake was converted to the nutrient density per 1,000 kcal. Odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for obesity according to each tertile of the nutrient density was obtained from multiple logistic regression adjusted for age, household income, education level, smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity. Results: The mean intake of ${\alpha}$-carotene, retinol, vitamin E, ${\alpha}$-tocopherol, and ${\gamma}$-tocopherol per 1,000 kcal was significantly lower in the obese group than in the normal group. A higher intake of lycopene was inversely associated with obesity (highest vs. lowest; OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.83-0.96) and abdominal obesity (highest vs. lowest; OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.81-0.95). Higher intakes of ${\alpha}$-carotene, total carotenoids, vitamin A, and ${\gamma}$-tocopherol also had a negative relationship with abdominal obesity. The antioxidant vitamin intakes from eggs, milk and dairy products, seasoning, and grains were significantly lower in the obese group than in the normal group. Conclusion: This study showed that the dietary intake of antioxidant vitamins was inversely associated with obesity and abdominal obesity among Korean women. Further study will be needed to examine the causal relationship between the antioxidant vitamin and obesity.

본 연구에서는 2007 ~ 2016년 국민건강영양조사의 검진 조사와 식품섭취조사를 완료한 만 19세 이상의 성인 여성 30,425명을 대상으로 항산화비타민 섭취량과 비만 및 복부비만의 연관성을 분석하였다. 체질량지수가 $25kg/m^2$ 이상이거나 허리둘레가 85 cm 이상인 대상자를 각각 비만과 복부비만으로 판정하였고, 개인별 일일 항산화비타민 섭취량은 24시간 회상법을 이용한 식사자료와 한국인 상용식품의 항산화비타민 함량 데이터베이스를 연계하여 추정하였다. 항산화비타민에는 카로티노이드 6종, 레티놀, 비타민 A (레티놀 활성 당량), 비타민 C, 토코페롤 4종, 비타민 E (${\alpha}$-토코페롤 당량)이 포함되었다. 정상군과 비만군의 열량 1,000 kcal당 일일 항산화비타민 섭취량의 평균을 비교한 결과, 비만군은 ${\alpha}$-카로틴, 레티놀, 비타민 E, ${\alpha}$-토코페롤, ${\gamma}$-토코페롤을 정상군보다 적게 섭취한 것으로 나타났다. 항산화비타민 섭취수준에 따라 대상자를 삼분위로 구분했을 때, 라이코펜을 가장 많이 섭취하는 군은 가장 적게 섭취하는 군에 비해 비만 (OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.83-0.96)과 복부비만 (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.81-0.95) 유병률이 유의하게 낮았다. 총 카로티노이드, ${\alpha}$-카로틴, 비타민 A, ${\gamma}$-토코페롤 섭취량 또한 복부비만의 오즈비와 음의 연관성을 나타냈다. 식품군별 항산화비타민 섭취량을 비교했을 때, 비만군은 정상군에 비해 난류, 우유류, 조미료류, 곡류를 통한 항산화비타민 섭취량이 적었다. 추후 전향적 설계를 이용한 후속연구를 수행하여 항산화비타민 섭취량과 비만 간의 인과성을 확인할 필요가 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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