Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
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Developing Maker Competency Model and Exploring Maker Education Plan in the Field of Elementary and Secondary Education

메이커 역량 모델 개발 및 초·중등 교육 현장에서의 메이커 교육 방안 탐색

  • Received : 2018.07.21
  • Accepted : 2018.09.20
  • Published : 2018.10.31
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Abstract

In this study, we extracted the core competencies of makers through the analysis of critical incident technique and behavioral event interview to explore the nature and attributes of maker education, and then we developed a maker competency model based on these core competencies. As a result, six competency groups and 23 sub-competencies were extracted. In other words, we were able to confirm the existence of integrated thinking competency group consisting of four competencies made up of 'analytic thinking', 'intuitive thinking', 'visual thinking', and 'empirical thinking' and that of collaborative competency group with four competencies of 'sharing', 'communication', 'conflict management', and 'scrupulosity'. In addition, we could also confirm the existence of making mind competency group, which is composed of four competencies namely 'interest in various areas', 'challenge consciousness', 'failure management', and 'pleasure of the making process'. We could also confirm that human-centered competence group consisting of two competencies of 'humanity' and 'user-oriented' and the problem-finding competence group consisting of two competencies of 'observation' and 'recognition of discomfort in daily life'. Lastly, the making practice competency group is composed of seven competencies: 'understanding making tool', 'understanding electricity', 'understanding programming', 'planning', 'hand knowledge', 'information search', and 'direct execution'. We discussed educational implications of these findings.

이 연구에서는 메이커 교육의 본질 및 속성을 탐색하기 위하여 중요사건기법 분석과 행동사건면접 분석을 통해 메이커들이 지니고 있는 핵심 역량을 추출하였고, 이를 바탕으로 메이커 역량 모델을 개발하였다. 연구 결과, 6개의 역량군과 23개의 하위 역량을 추출할 수 있었다. 즉, '분석적 사고', '직관적 사고', '시각적 사고', '경험적 사고'의 4개 역량으로 구성된 통합적 사고 역량군, '공유', '의사소통', '갈등관리', '주도성'의 4개 역량으로 구성된 협업 역량군을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 '다양한 영역에 대한 관심', '도전 의식', '실패 관리', '메이킹 과정의 즐거움'의 4개 역량으로 구성된 메이킹 마인드 역량군, '인류애', '사용자 지향'의 2개 역량으로 구성된 인간중심 역량군, '관찰', '일상 속 불편함의 인식'의 2개 역량으로 구성된 문제 발견 역량군을 확인할 수 있었다. 마지막으로, '제작 도구에 대한 이해', '전기에 대한 이해', '프로그래밍에 대한 이해', '계획수립', '손 지식', '정보 탐색', '직접적인 실행'의 7개 역량으로 구성된 메이킹 수행 역량군을 확인할 수 있었다. 이에 대한 교육적 시사점에 대해 논의하였다.

Keywords

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