Abstract
In this study, smart farm technology was used by farmers cultivating 'CHIKUMASSHU T-011' in order to develop an optimal growth model for the precision cultivation of bottle-grown winter mushroom and the results of the same are mentioned herein. Farmers participating in the experiment used 60 ㎡ of bed area with 4 rows and 13 columns of shelf shape, 20 horsepower refrigerator, 100T of sandwich panel for insulation, 6 ultrasonic humidifiers, 12 kW of heating, and 20,000 bottles of Flammulina velutipes mushroom spores. The temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentrations, which directly affect the growth of the mushroom, were collected and analyzed from the environmental sensors installed at the winter mushroom cultivation area. The initial temperature was found to be 14.5℃, which was maintained at 14℃ to 15℃ until the 10th day. In the restriction phase, the initial temperature was 4℃ and was maintained between 2℃ and 3℃ until the 15th day, while during the growth phase, it was maintained between 7.5℃ to 9.5℃. Analysis of the humidity data revealed initial humidity to be 100%, which varied between 88% to 98% during primordia formation period. The humidity remained between 77% to 96% until the 15th day, in the restriction phase and between 75% to 83% during the growth phase. The initial carbon dioxide concentration was 3,500 ppm and varied between 3,500 ppm to 6,000 ppm during primordia formation period and was maintained at 6,000 ppm until the 15th day. During the growth phase, the carbon dioxide concentration was found to be over 6,000 ppm. Fruiting body characteristics of 'CHIKUMASSHU T-011' cultivated in the farmhouse were as follows: Pileus diameter of 7.5 mm and thickness of 4.1 mm, stipe thickness of 3.3 mm, and length of 154.2 mm. The number of valid fruiting bodies was 1,048 unit per 1,400 mL bottle, and the individual weight was 0.71 g per unit. The yield of fruiting bodies was 402.8 g per 1,400 mL bottle.
본 연구는 병재배 팽이버섯 '치쿠마쉬 T-011'의 정밀재배를 위한 최적 생육모델 개발하기 위하여 팽이버섯 병재배 농가를 대상으로 스마트팜 기술을 적용하여 생육환경을 분석한 결과를 보고하고자 한다. 실험농가의 균상면적은 60 ㎡ 균상형태는 4열 13단, 냉동기는 20마력, 단열은 샌드위치 판넬 100 T, 가습dms 초음파 가습기 6대, 난방은 12 kW를 사용하였고, 20,000병을 입병하여 재배하고 있었다. 팽이버섯 재배농가에서 생육환경 데이터를 수집하기 위하여 설치한 환경센서부로부터 버섯의 생육에 직접적으로 영향을 미치는 온도, 습도, CO2농도를 수집 분석하였다. 온도는 발이단계에서 배양이 완료된 병을 균긁기한 후 입상 시 14.5℃에서 시작하여 10일차까지 14~15℃를 유지하였고, 억제단계에서는 4℃에서 시작하여 15일차까지 2~3℃를 유지하였다. 생육단계에서는 7.5~9.5℃를 유지하면서 버섯을 수확하였다. 습도는 균긁기한 후 입상 시 거의 100%에 가까웠고, 팽이버섯 발생단계에서 습도는 88~98%의 범위를 유지하였고, 억제단계에서는 77~96%, 생육단계에서는 75~83% 범위를 유지하였다. CO2농도는 발생단계에서 입상 시 3,500 ppm에서 시작하여 10일차까지는 3,500~6,000 ppm을 유지하였고, 억제단계에서는 6,000 ppm 수준이었으며 생육단계에서는 6,000 ppm 이상을 유지하였다. 농가에 재배하고 있는 '치쿠마쉬 티-011'의 자실체 특성은 갓 직경 7.5 mm, 갓두께 4.1 mm이며, 대 굵기 3.3 mm, 대 길이 154.2 mm였다. 병 당 유효경수는 1,048개, 개체중은 0.71 g/unit이었으며 수량은 402.8 g/1,400 ml로 나타났다.
