The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition (한국식품영양학회지)

The Korean Society of Food and Nutrition (한국식품영양학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Evaluation of Antioxidant and Cognition Improvement Effects of 10 Wild Vegetables Cultivated in Gangwon Province

강원도 10종 산채류의 항산화 및 인지능력개선 효능 평가

  • Han, Xionggao (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Choi, Sun-Il (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Min-Jong (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Ok-Hwan (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University)
  • 한웅호 (강원대학교 식품생명공학과 대학원) ;
  • 최선일 (강원대학교 식품생명공학과 대학원) ;
  • 김민종 (강원대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 이옥환 (강원대학교 식품생명공학과)
  • Received : 2019.11.04
  • Accepted : 2019.11.27
  • Published : 2019.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of methanolic extracts of 10 kinds of wild vegetables cultivated in Gangwon province on antioxidant activity, acetylcholinesterase, and β-secretase inhibitory activities. Results showed that among the wild vegetables, Aralia elata(Miq.) Seem shoot extract exhibited the highest total phenol content (84.65±1.08 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoids content (70.77±0.55 mg RE/g), respectively. The antioxidant activity of wild vegetables extracts was measured by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay. Aralia elata(Miq.) Seem shoot extracts had the highest DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity (90.16%, 40.18% at 2 mg/mL). As a result, Aralia elata(Miq.) Seem shoot extract was the most effective in terms of acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (35.94% at 1 mg/mL). In the β-secretase activity assay, all 10 kinds wild vegetables extracts showed low inhibitory activity, and Aralia elata(Miq.) Seem shoot extract had highest inhibitory activity among the 10 wild vegetables extracts was 14.99%. Taken together, these results showed that Aralia elata(Miq.) Seem shoot extract has potential cognition improvement impact, suggesting that it may provide an effective strategy for improving cognition.

Keywords

References

  1. Cha JY, Ahn HY, Eom KE, Park BK, Jun BS, Cho YS. 2009. Antioxidative activity of Aralia elata shoot and leaf extracts. J Life Sci 19:652-658 https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2009.19.5.652
  2. Coyle JT, Price DL, DeLong MR. 1983. Alzheimer's disease: a disorder of cortical cholinergic innervation. Science 219: 1184-1190 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.6338589
  3. Dhingra D, Parle M, Kulkarni SK. 2006. Comparative brain cholinesterase-inhibiting activity of Glycyrrhiza glabra, Myristica fragrans, ascorbic acid, and metrifonate in mice. J Med Food 9:281-283 https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2006.9.281
  4. Duval B, Shetty K. 2001. The stimulation of phenolics and antioxidant activity in pea (Pisum sativum) elicited by genetically transformed anise root extract. J Food Biochem 25:361-377 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4514.2001.tb00746.x
  5. Ellman GL, Courtney KD, Andres V, Feather-Stone RM. 1961. A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem Pharmacol 7:88-95 https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(61)90145-9
  6. Figueiro M, Ilha J, Pochmann D, Porciuncula LO, Xavier LL, Achaval M, Nunes DS, Elisabetsky E. 2010. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition in cognition-relevant brain areas of mice treated with a nootropic Amazonian herbal (Marapuama). Phytomedicine 17:956-962 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2010.03.009
  7. Gangwondo Agricultural Research and Extension Services. 2016. Easy production and use of wild vegetables. pp.8-9
  8. Gheldof N, Engeseth NJ. 2002. Antioxidant capacity of honeys from various floral sources based on the determination of oxygen radical absorbance capacity and inhibition of in vitro lipoprotein oxidation in human serum samples. J Agric Food Chem 50:3050-3055 https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0114637
  9. Halliwell B, Aeschbach R, Loliger J, Aruoma OI. 1995. The characterization of antioxidants. Food Chem Toxicol 33:601-617 https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-6915(95)00024-V
  10. Hwang CR, Oh SH, Kim HY, Lee SH, Hwang IG, Shin YS, Jeong HS. 2011. Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Deoduk (Codonopsis lanceolata) and Doragi (Platycodon grandiflorum) according to temperature. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 40:798-803 https://doi.org/10.3746/JKFN.2011.40.6.798
  11. Hwang DY, Chae KR, Kang TS, Hwang JH, Lim CH, Kang HK, Goo JS, Lee MR, Lim HJ, Min SH, Cho JY, Hong JT, Song CW, Paik SG, Cho JS, Kim YK. 2002. Alterations in behavior, amyloid beta-42, caspase-3, and Cox-2 in mutant PS2 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. FASEB J 16:805-813 https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.01-0732com
  12. Jeong CH, Kang ST, Joo OS, Lee SC, Shin YH, Shim KH, Cho SH, Choi SG, Heo HJ. 2009. Phenolic content, antioxidant effect and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of Korean commercial green, puer, oolong, and black teas. Korean J Food Preserv 16:230-237
  13. Jung HA, Karki S, Kim JH, Choi JS. 2015. BACE1 and cholinesterase inhibitory activities of Nelumbo nucifera embryos. Arch Pharm Res 38:1178-1187 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-014-0492-4
  14. Kim HJ, Jun BS, Kim SK, Cha JY, Cho YS. 2000. Polyphenolic compound content and antioxidative activities by extracts from seed, sprout and flower of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 29:1127-1132
  15. KOSTAT. 2015. Elderly statistics 2015. Statistics Korea, Deajeon, Korea
  16. Lee EN, Song JH, Lee JS. 2010. Screening of a potent antidementia acetylcholinesterase inhibitor-containing fruits and optimal extraction conditions. Korean J Food Nutr 23:318-323
  17. Lee GH, Jung JW, Ahn EM. 2009. Antioxidant activity of isolated compounds from the shoot of Aralia elata Seem. Korea J Herbol 24:137-142
  18. Lee HM, Park EJ, Jeon IS, Kang YS, Jin DI, Chung HJ. 2010. Effect of maca supplementation on scopolamine-induced memory impairment of mice. Korean J Food Nutr 23:485-491
  19. Lee YM, Bae JH, Jung HY, Kim JH, Park DS. 2011. Antioxidant activity in water and methanol extracts from Korean edible wild plants. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 40:29-36 https://doi.org/10.3746/JKFN.2011.40.1.029
  20. Morris JC. 1996. Classification of dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neurol Scand Suppl 165:41-50 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0404.1996.tb05871.x
  21. Nurk E, Refsum H, Drevon CA, Tell GS, Nygaard HA, Engedal K, Smith AD. 2009. Intake of flavonoid-rich wine, tea, and chocolate by elderly men and women is associated with better cognitive test performance. J Nutr 139:120-127 https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.108.095182
  22. Ozgen M, Reese RN, Tulio AZ Jr, Scheerens JC, Miller AR. 2006. Modified 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) method to measure antioxidant capacity of selected small fruits and comparison to ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods. J Agric Food Chem 54:1151-1157 https://doi.org/10.1021/jf051960d
  23. Park GH, Jang JH. 2013. Protective effect of luteolin against $\beta$-amyloid-induced cell death and damage in BV-2 microglial cells. Korea J Herbol 28:79-86 https://doi.org/10.6116/kjh.2013.28.6.79
  24. Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C. 1999. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radic Biol Med 26:1231-1237 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(98)00315-3
  25. Shao D, Zou C, Luo C, Tang X, Li Y. 2004. Synthesis and evaluation of tacrine-E2020 hybrids as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 14:4639-4642 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.07.005
  26. Talesa VN. 2001. Acetylcholinesterase in Alzheimer's disease. Mech Ageing Dev 122:1961-1969 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0047-6374(01)00309-8
  27. Uchida K, Stadtman ER. 1993. Covalent attachment of 4-hydroxynonenal to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. A possible involvement of intra- and intermolecular crosslinking reaction. J Biol Chem 268:6388-6393 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)53264-6
  28. Vassar R, Bennett BD, Babu-Khan S, Kahn S, Mendiaz EA, Denis P, Teplow DB, Ross S, Amarante P, Loeloff R, Luo Y, Fisher S, Fuller J, Edenson S, Lile J, Jarosinski MA, Biere AL, Curran E, Burgess T, Louis JC, Collins F, Treanor J, Rogers G, Citron M. 1999. $\beta$-Secretase cleavage of Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein by the transmembrane aspartic protease BACE. Science 286:735-741 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.286.5440.735
  29. Youn K, Lee J, Ho CT, Jun M. 2016. Discovery of polymethoxyflavones from black ginger (Kaempferia parviflora) as potential $\beta$-secretase (BACE1) inhibitors. J Funct Foods 20:567-574 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2015.10.036
  30. Younkin SG, Goodridge B, Katz J, Lockett G, Nafziger D, Usiak MF, Younkin LH. 1986. Molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase in Alzheimer's disease. Fed Proc 45:2982-2988