Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회지)

The Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analysis of Importance in Available Space for Creating Urban Forests to Reduce Particulate Matter - Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process -

미세먼지 저감 도시숲 조성을 위한 가용공간의 중요도 분석 - AHP 기법을 이용하여 -

  • Jeong, Dae-Young (Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Choi, Yun-Eui (OJeong Eco-Resilience Institute, Korea University) ;
  • Chon, Jin-Hyung (Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
  • 정대영 (고려대학교 환경생태공학부) ;
  • 최윤의 (고려대학교 오정에코리질리언스연구원) ;
  • 전진형 (고려대학교 환경생태공학부)
  • Received : 2019.11.22
  • Accepted : 2019.12.17
  • Published : 2019.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Despite recent projects to create urban forests to reduce the levels of particulate matter, objective evaluation criteria for selecting suitable sites for the projects have not been provided. The purposes of this study are to identify assessment items for the evaluation of available spaces for urban forests for the reduction of particulate matter and to analyze the relative importance of the items using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). We identified a total of 19 items in five categories through a literature review and a panel discussion. A total of 29 responses were collected from surveys given to experts, and an AHP analysis was conducted on the results. As a result, 'locational characteristics' (0.355) received the highest weighted value among the five categories, followed by 'planting type of existing green space' (0.184), 'weather conditions' (0.183), 'physical characteristics' (0.15), and 'human social environment' (0.128). In addition, among all the assessment items, 'proximity of source apportionment of particulate matter' (0.143) had higher weighted value while 'plantation of existing green space' (0.024) had the lowest weighted value. This study will present objective criteria and directions in the selecting of available spaces to create urban forests for the reduction of particulate matter.

최근 미세먼지 저감 도시숲을 조성하기 위한 사업이 활발하게 추진되고 있으나, 적합한 가용공간을 선정하는데 필요한 객관적 평가 기준을 마련하지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구의 목적은 미세먼지 저감 도시숲을 조성하기 위한 가용공간의 평가항목을 개발하고, AHP 기법을 이용하여 평가항목의 상대적 중요도(가중치)를 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 문헌고찰 및 전문가 검토를 통해 5개 범주의 총 19개 평가항목을 도출하였다. 전문가 설문조사를 통해 총 29부를 회수하였으며, AHP 분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과, 상위항목의 중요도는 '입지적 특성'(0.355)이 가장 높게 나타났으며, '기존 녹지의 식재유형(0.184)', '기상조건 (0.183)', '물리적 특성(0.15)', '인문사회환경(0.128)' 순으로 중요도가 나타났다. 또한 하위항목의 전체 중요도는 '미세먼지 발생원 인접성'(0.143)이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났으나, '기존 녹지의 식재수종'(0.024)은 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 미세먼지 저감 도시숲을 조성하기 위한 가용공간을 선정하는데 객관적 기준과 방향을 제시할 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Brauer, M., G. Hoek, P. van Vliet, K. Meliefste, P. Fischer, U. Gehring, J. Heinrich, J. Cyrys, T. Bellander, M. Lewne and B. Brunekreef(2003) Estimating long-term average particulate air pollution concentrations: Application of traffic indicators and geographic information systems. Epidemiology 228-239.
  2. Chae, H. J(2009) Effect on the PM10 concentration by wind velocity and wind direction. Journal of Environmental and Sanitary Engineering 24(3): 37-54.
  3. Chen, J., X. Yu, F. Sun, X. Lun, Y. Fu, G. Jia, Z. Zhang, X. Liu, L. Mo and H. Bi(2015) The concentrations and reduction of airborne particulate matter (PM10, PM2. 5, PM1) at shelterbelt site in Beijing. Atmosphere 6(5): 650-676. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos6050650
  4. Cho, S. J and H. M. Kim(2009) Evaluation of green buffer zone supplement plan for air pollution decrease function: In the case of Sihwa industrial complex green buffer zone. Journal of the Korea Society of Environmental Administration 15(3): 145-154.
  5. Choi, T. Y., H. G. Moon, D. I. Kang and J. G. Cha(2018) Analysis of the seasonal concentration differences of particulate matter according to land cover of Seoul-Focusing on forest and urbanized area. Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment 27(6): 635-646. https://doi.org/10.14249/EIA.2018.27.6.635
  6. Eum, J. H.(2019) Analysis and utilization strategies of ventilation corridor characteristics in Jeon-ju area. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 33(3): 366-374. https://doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2019.33.3.366
  7. Giri, D., V. K. Murthy and P. R. Adhikary(2008) The influence of meteorological conditions on PM 10 concentrations in Kathmandu valley. International Journal of Environmental Research 2(1).
  8. Han, S. W., S. H. Lee and H. W. Lee(2015) Study on the characteristics of PM distribution in coastal and inland cities correlation and its correlation. Journal of Environmental Science International 24(11): 1513-1523. https://doi.org/10.5322/JESI.2015.24.11.1513
  9. Hong, S. H., R. Y. Kang, M. Y. An, J. S. Kim and E. S. Jung(2018) Study on the impact of roadside forests on particulate matter between road and public openspace in front of building site: Case of openspace of Busan City Hall in Korea. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 32(3): 323-331. https://doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2018.32.3.323
  10. Hwang, K. I., B. H. Han, J. I. Kwark and S. C. Park(2018) A study on decreasing effects of ultra-fine particles (PM 2.5) by structures in a roadside buffer green-A buffer green in Songpa-gu, Seoul. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 46(4): 61-75. https://doi.org/10.9715/KILA.2018.46.4.061
  11. Jerrett, M., M. A. Arain, P. Kanaroglou, B. Beckerman, D. Crouse, N. L. Gilbert, J. R. Brook, N. Finkelstein and M. M. Finkelstein(2007) Modeling the intraurban variability of ambient traffic pollution in Toronto, Canada. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Part A, 70(3-4): 200-212. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390600883018
  12. Joint Research Project for Long-range Transboundary Air Pollutants in Northeast Asia(2019) Summary Report of the 4th stage (2013-2017) LTP Project. 1. Research Report to National Institute of Environmental Research.
  13. Kim S. H and C. H. Oh(2019) A study on the new-green space derivation in urban area for the reduction of fine dust. In Proceedings of the Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology conference 29(2): 59-60.
  14. Kim, S., S. Lee, K. Hwang and K. An(2017) Exploring sustainable street tree planting patterns to be resistant against fine particles (PM2. 5). Sustainability 9(10): 1709. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9101709
  15. Kumar, P., A. Robins, S. Vardoulakis and R. Britter(2010) A review of the characteristics of nanoparticles in the urban atmosphere and the prospects for developing regulatory controls. Atmospheric Environment 44(39): 5035-5052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.08.016
  16. Lee, D., D. Kim, E. Kim, J. Jeong, Y. Oh, S. Joo and K. Kim(2008) Evaluation indicators for creation and management of urban forest. Journal of the Korea Society of Environmental Restoration Technology 11(5): 104-113.
  17. Lee, H. J(2010) Analysis of time series models for PM10 concentrations at the Suwon city in Korea. Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society 21(6): 1117-1124.
  18. Lee, J. E and S. H. Cho(2011) An analysis of the specialist's preference for the model of park-based mixed-use districts in securing urban parks and green spaces via private development. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 39(6): 1-11. https://doi.org/10.9715/KILA.2011.39.6.001
  19. Lee, S. D., D. P. Kim, S. H. Choi, J. H. Oh and S. H. Hong(2014a) Criteria selection of urban forestry sustainability evaluation in the view of ecology. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 28(4): 472-483. https://doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2014.28.4.472
  20. Lee, W. J., M. K. Hwang and Y. K. Kim(2014b) Health vulnerability assessment for PM 10 in Busan. Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences 40(5): 355-366. https://doi.org/10.5668/JEHS.2014.40.5.355
  21. Liu, J., R. Zhang, H. Liu, J. Duan, J. Kang, Z. Guo, B. Xi and Z. Cao(2018) Assessing the particulate matter removal abilities of tree leaves. JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments) (140): e58026.
  22. Lu, D., W. Mao, D. Yang, J. Zhao and J. Xu(2018) Effects of land use and landscape pattern on PM2. 5 in Yangtze River Delta, China. Atmospheric Pollution Research 9(4): 705-713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2018.01.012
  23. Moon, N. K., S. T. Kim, J. S. Ha, Y. M. Kim and J. H. Seo(2017) Analysis System for regional environmental status to support environmental assessment : Source apportionment analysis of air pollutants from major industrial complexes and local governments. Research Report to Korea Environment Institute.
  24. Morawska, L., Z. D. Ristovski, G. R. Johnson, E. R. Jayaratne and K. Mengersen(2007) Novel method for on-road emission factor measurements using a plume capture trailer. Environmental Science & Technology 41(2): 574-579. https://doi.org/10.1021/es060179z
  25. Nowak, D. J., S. Hirabayashi, A. Bodine and R. Hoehn(2013) Modeled PM2. 5 removal by trees in ten US cities and associated health effects. Environmental pollution 178: 395-402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.03.050
  26. Oh, J. H., J. H. Cho, H. J. Cho, M. S. Choi and J. Kwon(2008) A study on the biotope evaluation and classification of urban forests for landscape ecological management. Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies 11(4): 101-111.
  27. Park, C. S. (2017) Variations of PM10 concentration in Seoul during 2015 and relationships to weather condition. Journal of the Association of Korean Photo-Geographers 27(2): 47-64. https://doi.org/10.35149/jakpg.2017.27.2.004
  28. Park, J., J. Park and J. Choi(2018) An Air Pollution exposure on floating population using air pollution dispersion model. The Geographical Journal of Korea 52(2): 193-204.
  29. Park, S. Y., Y. J. Kim and C. H. Kim(2012) Characteristics of long-range transport of air pollutants due to different transport patterns over Northeast Asia. Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 28(2): 142-158. https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2012.28.2.142
  30. Rosenlund, M., F. Forastiere, M. Stafoggia, D. Porta, M. Perucci, A. Ranzi, F. Nussio and C. A. Perucci(2008) Comparison of regression models with land-use and emissions data to predict the spatial distribution of traffic-related air pollution in Rome. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology 18(2): 192. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jes.7500571
  31. Salbitano, F., S. Borelli and G. Sanesi(2015) Chapter 11. Urban forestry and agro-forestry. De Zeeuw H., Cities, Food and Agriculture; Towards Resilient Urban Food Systems. A State of the Art, Oxford.
  32. Seo, Y. H(2013) Development of construction site source profile by a chemical analysis of PM10 collected at the construction site. Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 19: 67-72.
  33. Shin, M. K., C. D. Lee, H. S. Ha, C. S. Choe and Y. H. Kim(2007) The influence of meteorological factors on PM 10 concentration in Incheon. Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 23(3): 322-331. https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2007.23.3.322
  34. Son, H. Y and C. H. Kim(2009) Interpretating the spectral characteristics of measured particle concentrations in Busan. Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 25(2): 133-140. https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2009.25.2.133
  35. Song, K. W and Y. Lee(2013) Re-scaling for improving the consistency of the AHP method. Social Science Research 29(2): 271-288.
  36. Sung, S. Y., J. S. Park, S. E. Lee and S. H. Kim(2019) Introducing the ventilation corridor for reducing particulate matter air pollution. KRIHS POLICY BRIEF 709: 1-6.
  37. Wind, Y and T. L. Saaty(1980) Marketing applications of the analytic hierarchy process. Management Science 26(7): 641-658. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.26.7.641
  38. Wise, E. K and A. C. Comrie(2005) Meteorologically adjusted urban air quality trends in the Southwestern United States. Atmospheric Environment 39(16): 2969-2980. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.01.024
  39. Wu, J., W. Xie, W. Li and J. Li(2015) Effects of urban landscape pattern on PM2. 5 pollution-a Beijing case study. Plos one 10(11): e0142449. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142449
  40. Xu, X. R. and J. O. Kim(2017) Planting design strategies and green space planning to mitigate respirable particulate matters-case studies in Beijing, China. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 45(6): 40-49. https://doi.org/10.9715/KILA.2017.45.6.040
  41. Yu, S. Y., N. I. Gu and C. Y. Park(2017) Characteristics of fine dust concentration in the urban forest. In Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference: 191.
  42. Korea Forest Service(2018) "미세먼지 저감효과 큰나무 심어 도시민 숨통 틔운다! ". http://www.forest.go.kr/kfsweb/cop/bbs/selectBoardArticle.do?bbsId=BBSMSTR_1036&mn=NKFS_04_02_01&nttId=3124638
  43. Ministry of Environment(2018a) "환경부 2019년도 예산안, 쾌적하고 안전한생활환경조성에투자확대". http://www.me.go.kr/home/web/board/read.do?boardMasterId=1&boardId=904490&menuId=286
  44. Ministry of Environment(2018b) "국민78.7%"미세먼지는건강위협", 72.4%"시민실천운동참여"…시민참여의지높아". http://www.me.go.kr/home/web/board/read.do?menuId=286&boardMasterId=1&boardCategoryId=39&boardId=914570
  45. National Institue of Forest Science(2018) "공장 주변 미세먼지도 '도시숲'이 잡는다". http://www.forest.go.kr/newkfsweb/cop/bbs/selectBoardArticle.do;jsessionid=O56SVWMPLdnFfCJ2SSCNg0BOA7sxHVvXHEodDf9eumFs0Vh1MnaB9a8YPSvltZYx.frswas02_servlet_engine11?nttId=3117277&bbsId=BBSMSTR_1036&mn=KFS_14_06_02