The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY (한국해양학회지:바다)

The Korean Society of Oceanography (한국해양학회)
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Characteristics of Waterbird Community at Coastal Wetlands in the South and West Coasts, Korea

서·남해안 연안습지의 수조류 군집특성

  • Received : 2019.01.10
  • Accepted : 2019.02.13
  • Published : 2019.02.28
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Abstract

The migration status of waterbirds inhabiting the 10 coastal wetlands in the south and west coasts (Jangbongdo, Muuido, Daecheoncheon estuary, Seocheon tidal flat, Yubudo, Gomso bay, Hauido, Jeungdo, Doam bay, Gangjin bay) was examined from May 2008 to March 2013. For the most dominant taxonomical group, shorebirds accounted for 37.5% of the number of species and 67.1% of the total population, followed in the order of dabbling ducks, herons, and seagulls. The dominate species were Calidris alpina, Larus crassirostris, Limosa lapponica, Charadrius alexandrinus, and Calidris tenuirostris. Shorebirds were observed most at Seocheon Tidal Flats and Yubudo Island, and dabbling ducks were found most in Doam Bay. Diving ducks were observed most at Gangjin Bay and seagulls were seen most frequently at Seocheon Tidal Flats. The ten coastal wetlands of the western and southern coasts were divided into three groups according to the similarity index of waterbirds (Ro). Group 1 was the area where dabbling ducks and diving ducks were dominant, group 2 was the area where shorebirds were dominant, and group 3 was the area where seagulls were dominant. It was evident that there were differences in species composition depending on the regional environments.

국가해양생태계종합조사와 연안습지 기초조사를 통한 서 남해안 연안습지 10개 지역(장봉도, 무의도, 대천천하구, 서천갯벌, 유부도, 곰소만, 하의도, 증도, 도암만, 강진만)에서 서식하는 수조류의 도래현황에 대한 조사는 2008년 5월부터 2013년 3월까지 실시되었다. 관찰된 수조류 중 도요 물떼새류가 36종(37%) 193,111개체(67.1%)로 가장 우점하는 분류군이었으며, 수면성 오리류, 백로류, 갈매기류 등의 순으로 우점하였다. 우점종은 민물도요(Calidris alpina), 괭이갈매기(Larus crassirostris), 큰뒷부리도요(Limosa lapponica), 흰물떼새(Charadrius alexandrinus), 붉은어깨도요(Calidris tenuirostris)이었다. 분류군별 개체수는 도요 물떼새류가 서천갯벌과 유부도에서 가장 많이 관찰되었으며, 수면성 오리류는 도암만에서 가장 많이 관찰되었다. 잠수성 오리류는 강진만에서 가장 많이 관찰되었으며, 갈매기류는 서천갯벌에서 가장 많이 관찰되었다. 서 남해안 연안습지 10개 지역은 수조류의 유사도지수(Ro)에 의해 3개 Group으로 나뉘었다. 1 Group은 수면성 오리류와 잠수성 오리류가 우점한 지역이었으며, 2 Group은 도요 물떼새류가 우점한 지역이었다. 3 Group은 갈매기류가 우점한 지역으로 구분되었으며, 지역 간 환경에 따른 종구성에 차이가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Study site of waterbirds on the south-west coast of Korea(1:Jangbongdo, 2:Muuido, 3:Daecheoncheon estuary, 4:Seocheon tidal flat, 5:Ubudo, 6:Gomso bay, 7:Jeungdo, 8:Hauido, 9:Doam bay, 10:Gangjin bay).

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Fig. 2. Status of dominant species among waterbirds observed at the 10 coastal wetlands of the south-west coasts.

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Fig. 3. Number of species and count per region at the 10 coastal wetlands on the south-west coasts (GJ : Gangjin bay, GS: Gomso bay, DC:, Daecheoncheon estuary, DA: Doam bay, MU: Muuido. SC: Seocheon tidal flat, UB: Ubudo, JB: Jangbongdo, JD: Jeungdo, HU: Hauido).

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Fig. 4. Similarity index cluster analysis results of 10 coastal wetlands of the south-west coasts using the sum of max counts. In Group 1, there are reservoirs, paddies and salt fields, in which dabbling ducks and diving ducks are dominant. In Group 2, there are vast tidal flats in which shorebirds are dominant. In Group 3, there are vast tidal flats as well as a large port, in which seagulls are dominant(GJ : Gangjin bay, GS: Gomso bay, DC:, Daecheoncheon estuary, DA: Doam bay, MU: Muuido. SC: Seocheon tidal flat, UB: Ubudo, JB: Jangbongdo, JD: Jeungdo, HU: Hauido).

Table 1. Waterbird survey period

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Table 2. Number of waterbird species observed at the 10 coastal wetlands in south-west coasts

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Table 3. Number of other waterbird counts observed at the 10 coastal wetlands in south-west coasts

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Table 4. Status of dominant taxon by 10 coastal wetlands in south-west coasts

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Table 5. Analysis of similarity index (Ro) by region using the sum of the max waterbird counts observed at the 10 coastal wetlands in south-west coasts

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