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Relationships Among the Big Five Personality Traits, Psychological Well-being, and College Adaptation of Pre-service Teachers

교육대학교 학생의 성격 5요인에 기초한 잠재적 성격 특성 유형과 심리적 안녕감, 대학생활적응 간의 관계

  • Lee, Myung-Sook (Department of Education, Daegu National University of Education) ;
  • Choi, Hyo-Sik (Department of Education, Chuncheon National University of Education) ;
  • Yeon, Eun-Mo (College of Basic Studies, Yeungnam University)
  • Received : 2018.10.08
  • Accepted : 2019.03.08
  • Published : 2019.03.31
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Abstract

To extend the potential benefits of error, the current study examined factors that affect students' error perception in the classroom. An experimental design was used to measure relations of classroom goal structure, feedback, and social relationships on students' perception of error. A total of 316 fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade elementary students participated as part of their regular class curriculum. Self-reported questionnaires were administered to measure students' perception of errors and relationships with teacher and peers, and then students were manipulated by classroom goal structure and feedback. Multiple regression analysis results suggested that students' perception of learning from error was affected mostly by relationships with peers, followed by relationships with teacher and the type of feedback. Students' perception of risk taking for error was also affected by relationships with peers and teacher, followed by the classroom goal structure. However, classroom goal structure and feedback did not affect their perception of thinking about error to improve their learning as well as error strain. These results imply how the classroom climate should be structured to improve perception of errors to improve student's learning.

이 연구의 목적은 성격 5요인에 기초하여 교육대학교 학생의 잠재적 성격 특성 유형을 확인하고, 성격 특성 에 따라 심리적 안녕감, 대학생활적응에 차이가 있는지 살펴보는 것이다. 분석 자료는 A 교육대학교 1~4학년 1,295명의 데이터를 활용하였다. 교육대학교 학생의 잠재적 성격 특성 유형을 확인하기 위해 잠재프로파일분석을 활용하였으며, 분류된 성격 특성 잠재 집단에 따른 심리적 안녕감, 대학생활적응 차이 검증을 위해 다변량분산분석방법을 사용하였다. 잠재프로파일분석결과 교육대학교 학생의 성격 특성은 신경과민성, 외향성, 개방성, 우호성, 성실성의 다중 속성에 의해 (1) 높은 수준의 적응적 성격(신경과민성 하, 나머지 성격 요인 상), (2) 중간 수준의 적응적 성격(성격 5요인 모두 중), (3) 낮은 수준의 적응적 성격(신경과민성 상, 나머지 성격 요인 하)의 세 개 유형으로 구분하는 것이 적합한 것으로 확인되었다. 세 집단에 따라 성격 5요인에 유의한 차이가 나타났는데, 높은 수준의 적응적 성격 집단이 중간과 낮은 수준의 적응적 성격 집단보다, 중간이 낮은 수준의 적응적 성격 집단보다 신경과민성은 낮고 외향성, 개방성, 우호성, 성실성이 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 둘째, 성격 특성 잠재 집단에 따라 심리적 안녕감과 대학생활적응에 차이가 있는지 확인한 결과 높은 수준의 적응적 성격 집단은 중간과 낮은 수준의 적응적 성격 집단보다, 중간은 낮은 수준의 적응적 성격 집단보다 심리적 안녕감과 대학생활적응 하위 요인 모두에서 점수가 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 교육대학교 학생의 심리적 안녕감과 대학생활적응에 있어 성격 특성의 중요성을 보여주며, 교육대학교 학생의 행복한 대학생활을 위해서는 성격 특성을 고려한 교육적 개입이 필요함을 시사한다.

Keywords

Table 1. General characteristics of participants (N=1,295)

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Table 2. General model fit statistics for the latent profile analysis of the big five traits characteristics of participants

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Table 3. Classification posterior probabilities for the six profile solution (%)

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Table 4. Descriptive statistics for the latent profiles

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Table 5. Multivariate ANOVA comparisons of the three latent profiles representing Big Five personality traits

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Table 6. Descriptive Statistics of three latent profiles representing psychological well-being and college adaptation

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Table 7. Multiple comparisons of the three latent profiles representing psychological well-being and college adaptation

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