Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회)
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Survey of Mycotoxin Contamination in Grains and Grain Products

곡류 및 곡류가공품 중 곰팡이독소 오염도 조사 연구

  • Yang, Yongshik (Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju) ;
  • Lee, Hyang Hee (Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju) ;
  • Kim, Ae Gyeong (Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju) ;
  • Ryu, Keun Young (Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju) ;
  • Choi, Su Yeon (Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju) ;
  • Seo, Doo Ri (Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju) ;
  • Seo, Kye Won (Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju) ;
  • Cho, Bae Sik (Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju)
  • 양용식 (광주광역시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 이향희 (광주광역시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 김애경 (광주광역시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 류근영 (광주광역시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 최수연 (광주광역시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 서두리 (광주광역시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 서계원 (광주광역시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 조배식 (광주광역시 보건환경연구원)
  • Received : 2019.02.11
  • Accepted : 2019.04.04
  • Published : 2019.04.30
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Abstract

This study surveyed mycotoxin contamination in grains and grain products, which were purchased from supermarkets and traditional markets from October 2017 to September 2018 in Gwangju (Metropolitan City). A total of 127 samples including adlay, sorghum, millet, rice, oats, barley, buckwheat, corn as grains, and rice flour, buckwheat flour, roasted barley and corn, as grain products were surveyed. The tested mycotoxins were aflatoxin ($AFB_1$, $AFB_2$, $AFG_1$, $AFG_2$), fumonisin ($FUB_1$, $FUB_2$), ochratoxin A (OTA), and zearalenone (ZON). Mycotoxins were analyzed simultaneously with a UPLC-tandem mass spectrometry method. Fumonisin ($B_1+B_2$) was detected at the range of $4.8{\sim}738.5{\mu}g/kg$ in 35 samples and zearalenone at $8.4{\sim}507.6{\mu}g/kg$ in 20 samples, respectively. No other mycotoxins were detected. Risk assessment was evaluated by using estimated daily intake (EDI) and provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) in accordance with the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). When the hazard index (HI) was expressed as $(EDI/PMTDI){\times}100$, the HI (%) showed in the range of 0.0019~1.9526%. Based on these results, mycotoxin concentrations in the grains and grain products were within safe levels.

2017년 10월부터 2018년 9월까지 광주광역시 시내 슈퍼, 대형마트 및 재래시장에서 구입한 율무, 수수, 기장, 조, 백미, 보리 등 곡류 75건과 볶은 율무, 보리, 옥수수 등 곡류가공품 52건 총 127건을 대상으로 곰팡이독소 함량검사를 실시하였다. 검사한 곰팡이독소는 아플라톡신($B_1$, $B_2$, $G_1$, $G_2$,), 푸모니신($B_1,\;B_2$), 오크라톡신 A, 제랄레논이었다. 127건의 시료 중 38건에서 곰팡이독소가 검출되어 29.9%의 검출률을 나타내었다. 127건의 시료 중 35건에서 푸모니신($B_1+B_2$)은 $4.8{\sim}738.5{\mu}g/kg$, 제랄레논은 20건에서 $8.4{\sim}507.6{\mu}g/kg$ 범위에서 검출되었다. 검사한 곡류와 곡류 가공품 중에서 가장 오염도가 높은 곰팡이독소는 푸모니신과 제랄레논이었고 이들 곰팡이가 중복 검출된 검체는 17건으로 독소가 검출된 38건 중에서 44.7%를 차지하였다. 곰팡이독소 일일추정섭취량(EDI)과 잠정최대일일섭취허용량(PMTDI)으로부터 위해도를 산출하였다. 위해도는 0.0019~1.9526%로 나타나 이번에 조사한 곡류와 곡류가공품은 곰팡이독소 측면에서는 안전한 수준으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

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