Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship (벤처창업연구)

The Korean Society of Business Venturing (한국벤처창업학회)
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Influence of Corporate Venture Capital on Established Firms' Aquisition of Startups

스타트업 인수 시 기업벤처캐피탈(CVC)이 모기업에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, MyungGun (Graduate School of Management of Technology, Korea University) ;
  • Kim, YoungJun (Graduate School of Management of Technology, Korea University)
  • 김명건 (고려대학교 기술경영전문대학원) ;
  • 김영준 (고려대학교 기술경영전문대학원)
  • Received : 2019.01.07
  • Accepted : 2019.04.16
  • Published : 2019.04.30
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Abstract

As a way to find new and innovative technologies, many companies have invested in and acquired skilled startups. Because startups are usually small in size and have a small history of past business experience, there are many risks involved in acquiring them as they have limited technical skills and business feasibility verification methods. Thus, venture capital plays an important role in discovering and investing competitive startups. While Independent Venture Capital generally values financial returns, Corporate Venture Capital, which plays investment roles in the firm, values business synergies with the parent company from a strategic perspective. In an industry sector where development of technology is rapid and whether new technology is held determines a company's competitiveness, existing companies incorporate startups with innovative technologies into their investment portfolios, collaborate together, and take over for comprehensive cooperation. In addition, new investments and acquisitions are carried out through the management of portfolio companies to obtain and utilize industry information. In this paper, major U.S. companies listed in the U.S. verified their investment activities through corporate venture capital and their impact on parent companies and startups through regression, while the parent company's acquisition performance was analyzed through an event study based on a stock price analysis. The criteria for startup were defined as companies with less than 12 years of experience, and the analysis showed that the parent companies with corporate venture capital with a larger number of investments actively take over startups. In addition, increasing corporate venture capital's financial investment activities shows a negative impact on the parent companies' acquisition activities, and the acquisition performance increased when the parent companies took over startups in its portfolio.

새롭고 혁신적인 기술을 확보하기 위한 방안으로 많은 기업들은 기술력 있는 스타트업에 투자를 하고 인수하여 왔다. 스타트업들은 일반적으로 규모가 작고 과거 사업 경력이 작기 때문에 기술력 및 사업성 검증 방법에 한계가 있어 인수할 때 여러 가지 위험이 따른다. 그래서, 경쟁력 있는 스타트업을 발굴하고 투자를 집행하는 부분에 있어서 벤처캐피탈은 중요한 역할을 한다. 독립벤처캐피탈(Independent Venture Capital)은 일반적으로 재무적인 수익을 중요시하는 반면 기업에서 투자 담당 역할을 하는 기업벤처캐피탈(Corporate Venture Capital)은 전략적인 관점에서 모기업과의 비즈니스 시너지를 중시하고 있다. 기술의 발전이 급속하게 이루어지고 신기술의 보유 여부가 기업의 경쟁력을 좌우하는 산업계 분야에선 기존 회사들은 혁신적인 기술을 보유한 스타트업에 지분 투자를 통해 투자 포트폴리오로 편입시키고 같이 협업을 진행하며 포괄적인 협력을 위해서 인수를 진행한다. 또한, 기존 투자한 회사들의 포트폴리오 관리를 통해서 업계의 정보를 얻고 이를 활용해서 신규 투자 및 인수를 진행한다. 본 논문에서는 미국에 상장된 주요 기업들이 기업벤처캐피탈을 통해 진행한 투자활동 및 모기업과 스타트업에 미치는 효과를 회귀분석을 통해 검증하였고 모기업의 인수 성과는 주가 분석에 기반을 둔 이벤트 스터디(Event Study) 또는 사건연구라 불리는 방법론을 통해 분석하였다. 스타트업의 기준은 창업 후 12년 이하의 회사로 규정하였고 분석 결과 투자 규모 및 횟수가 큰 기업벤처캐피탈을 보유한 모기업 일수록 적극적으로 스타트업을 인수하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 기업벤처캐피탈이 재무적 목적의 투자 활동을 증가시킬 경우 모기업의 인수활동에 음(-)의 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있고, 기업벤처캐피탈이 기존에 투자한 포트폴리오 내에 있는 회사를 모기업이 인수할 경우 그렇지 않은 경우에 비해서 인수 성과가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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