Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association (유기물자원화)

Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association (유기성자원학회)
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Application Effects of Organic Fertilizer Utilizing Livestock Horn Meal as Domestic Organic Resource on the Growth and Crop Yields

국내산 유기자원 우각을 활용한 유기질비료의 작물 생육 및 수량에 미치는 영향

  • Jang, Jae-Eun (Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Lim, Gab-June (Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Lee, Jin-Gu (Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Yoon, Seuong-Hwan (Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Hong, Sang Eun (Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Shin, Ki Hae (Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Kang, Chang-Sung (Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Hong, Sun-Seong (Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services)
  • Received : 2019.04.30
  • Accepted : 2019.06.18
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

Objective of this study was to develop an organic fertilizer utilizing domestic livestock horn meal and to investigate the application effect of rice and eggplant. The possibility of utilization of livestock horn meal as an organic resource to replace imported expeller cake fertilizer was examined. In order to select domestic organic resources with high nitrogen content, 8 kinds of organic matter such as chicken manure, fish meal, soybean meal, sesame meal, perilla meal, blood meal, livestock horn meal, and beer sludge were analyzed and organic resources with high nitrogen content were selected. In addition, the conditions for the production of organic fertilizers that can be used in organic agriculture were established by mixing of the rice husk biochar and the rice bran as the supplements with the raw materials for mixing ratios. The content of total nitrogen (T-N) in the livestock horn meal was 12.0 %, which was the next low in 13.5 % blood meal. The content of total nitrogen was 5.9 ~ 7.9 % in fish meal and oil cakes. Total nitrogen content of non-antibiotic chicken manure for organic farming was 3 % and nitrogen content in beer sludge was 3.5 %. Organic fertilizer was produced by using biochar, rice bran as a main ingredient of non-antibiotic chicken manure, livestock horn meal and beer sludge. Compared to nitrogen content (4.0 to 4.2 %) of imported expeller cake fertilizer (ECF), the nitrogen content of organic fertilizer utilizing domestic livestock horn meal is as high as 7.5 %. The developed organic fertilizer is met as Zn 400 mg/kg, Cu 120 mg/kg the quality of organic agricultural materials such as or less. To investigate the effect of fertilizer application on the crops, prototypes of developed organic fertilizer were used for the experiment under selected conditions. As a result of application the developed organic livestock horn meal fertilizer (LHMF) for cultivation of the rice and eggplant, the application quantity of the developed organic LHMF 100 % was decreased by 40 % compared to that of the mixed expeller cake fertilizer (MECF). The application of LHMF, which refers to the application rate corresponding to the nitrogen fertilization recommended by the soil test, was reduced by 40% compared to the application rate of MECF, but the same results were obtained in crop growth and yield. The selection of a new high concentration nitrogen source utilizing domestic organic resources and the development of organic fertilizer is the starting point of the research for substitution of imported ECF using domestic local resources at the present time that the spread of eco-friendly agriculture is becoming increasingly important. If it is expanded in the future, it is expected to contribute to the stable production of eco-friendly agricultural products.

본 연구는 국내산 우각이 혼합된 유기질비료를 개발하여 가장 많은 유기재배 면적을 차지하고 있는 벼를 포함하여 가지에 대한 시용효과를 조사하고 수입 유박을 대체할 유기자원으로 우각의 활용가능성을 구명하고자 실시하였다. 질소함량이 높은 국내산 유기자원 선발을 위하여 계분, 어분, 콩깻묵, 참깻묵, 들깻묵, 혈분, 우각, 맥주오니 등 8종을 분석하여 질소함량이 높은 유기자원을 선발하였고 보조제로 왕겨 바이오차, 미강 등을 원료별, 혼합비율별로 혼합하고 성분을 분석하여 유기농업에 사용 가능한 유기질비료 제조조건을 확립하였다. 우각은 전질소(T-N) 함량이 12.0 %로 높아 혈분 13.5 % 다음으로 높았으며 어분 및 깻묵은 전질소 함량이 5.9~7.9 % 수준이었다. 계분은 유기농업에 사용가능한 무항생제 산란계 계분을 사용하였으며, 맥주오니는 질소함량이 3.4 %로 나타났다. 무항생제 계분, 우각, 맥주오니 등을 주재료로 바이오차, 미강 등을 보조제로 사용하여 유기질비료를 제조한 결과. 수입유박의 질소함량(4.0~4.2 %) 대비 개발한 유기질비료의 질소함량은 7.5 %로 높고 중금속함량은 Zn 400 mg/kg, Cu 120 mg/kg 이하 등으로 나타나 질소 함량이 높고 유기농업자재 품질기준에 적합한 유기질비료를 개발하였다. 우각이 포함된 유기질비료를 사용하여 벼와 가지를 재배하면서 시용효과를 조사한 결과 토양검정질소시비량 기준 100 % 시용시 혼합유박 대비 시용량을 40 % 감소하였음에도 벼 생육 및 수량이 대등하였으며, 가지 재배시에도 동일한 결과를 나타내었다. 우각 등 국산 유기자원을 이용한 새로운 고농도 질소원 선발 및 이를 이용한 유기재배 적합 유기질비료 개발은 친환경농업 확대 보급의 중요성이 높아지고 있는 현 시점에서 지역자원을 이용한 기존 수입 혼합유박 대체 연구의 출발점이자 폐기되고 있는 국내 유기자원의 활용 방안 모색에서 큰 의미를 가지며 향후 확대 보급된다면 친환경농산물의 안정적 생산에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Domestic organic resources for organic fertilizer.

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Fig. 2. The yield of milled rice by organic fertilizer utilizing domestic livestock horn meal application ratio.

Table 1. The Chemical Properties of Domestic Organic Resources

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Table 2. The Chemical Properties of Organic Fertilizer Utilizing Domestic Livestock Horn Meal

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Table 3. Heavy Metal Contents of Organic Fertilizer Utilizing Domestic Livestock Horn Meal

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Table 4. Chemical Properties of Soil by Organic Fertilizer Utilizing Domestic Livestock Horn Meal Application in Rice Cultivation

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Table 5. Chemical Properties of Soil by Organic Fertilizer Utilizing Domestic Livestock Horn Meal Application in Eggplant Cultivation

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Table 6. Physical Properties of Soil after Application of Organic Fertilizer Utilizing Domestic Livestock Horn Meal

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Table 7. The Change of Microorganism in Soil by Organic Fertilizer Utilizing Domestic Livestock Horn Meal Application in Eggplant Cultivation

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Table 8. The Application Effect of Organic Fertilizer Utilizing Domestic Livestock Horn Meal in Rice Cultivation

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Table 9. Comparison of Yield Components and Milled Rice Yield by Organic Fertilizer Utilizing Domestic Livestock Horn Meal Application

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Table 10. The Rice Yield and Edible Quality by Organic Fertilizer Utilizing Domestic Livestock Horn Meal Application

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Table 11. The Growth of Eggplant by Organic Fertilizer Utilizing Domestic Livestock Horn Meal Application

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Table 12. The Fresh Yield of Eggplant by Organic Fertilizer Utilizing Domestic Livestock Horn Meal Application

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