Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment (환경영향평가)

Korean Society of Environmental Impact Assessment (한국환경영향평가학회)
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A Study on Grade Classification for Improvement of Water Quality and Water Quality Characteristics in the Han River Watershed Tributaries

한강 수계 지류 하천의 수질 특성 및 수질 개선을 위한 등급화 방안 연구

  • Cho, Yong-Chul (Han River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Park, Minji (Han River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Shin, Kyungyong (Han River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Choi, Hyeon-Mi (Han River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Kim, Sanghun (Han River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Yu, Soonju (Han River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research)
  • 조용철 (국립환경과학원 한강물환경연구소) ;
  • 박민지 (국립환경과학원 한강물환경연구소) ;
  • 신경용 (국립환경과학원 한강물환경연구소) ;
  • 최현미 (국립환경과학원 한강물환경연구소) ;
  • 김상훈 (국립환경과학원 한강물환경연구소) ;
  • 유순주 (국립환경과학원 한강물환경연구소)
  • Received : 2019.02.11
  • Accepted : 2019.04.22
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

The objective of this research is to evaluate the water quality characteristics using the statistical analysis of major tributaries in the Han River and to provide water quality improvement plan by selecting tributaries that should be preferentially managed by river grade classification method. The major 15 tributaries in Han River watershed were monitored for discharge and water quality during January-December 2017. As a result of the correlation analysis, the river discharge has been not correlation with other water quality constituents (p>0.05) but COD and TOC were significantly correlated (r=0.957, p<0.01). The main cause of water quality fluctuation was organic pollutants and nutrients in the principal component analysis (PCA) method. The BOD, COD, TOC, TN, and TP were found to be significantly different (p<0.05) by seasonal in result of one-way ANOVA analysis. Result of river grade classification by quantitative indicators the tributaries requiring improvement of water quality were Gulpocheon, Anyangcheon, Wangsukcheon, and Tancheon which affected by wastewater treatment plant.In this research, we determined tributaries that need to improve the water quality of Han River watershed and it can be used as an important data for efficient water quality management.

본 연구는 한강 수계의 주요 지류 하천에 통계분석을 이용하여 수질특성을 파악하고 하천 등급화 방법에 따른 우선으로 관리되어야 할 지류 하천을 선정하여 수질 개선 방안을 제시하는 것이다. 한강 수계의 주요 15개 지류 하천을 대상으로 2017년 1월부터 12월까지 유량 및 수질을 모니터링 하였다. 상관 분석 결과 하천 유량은 수질 항목 간의 상관성(p>0.05)이 있지 않았으나 COD와 TOC는 통계적으로 유의한 수준의 높은 상관성을 나타냈다(r=0.957, p<0.01). 주성분 분석 결과 유기오염 물질 및 영양염류에 의한 오염이 수질변동의 주요한 요인으로 나타났으며 BOD, COD, TOC, TN, TP는 일원 분산분석 결과 계절별로 유의한 수준에서 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 정량적 지표에 따른 하천 등급화 결과 수질개선이 필요한 지류 하천은 공공하수처리시설 방류수의 영향을 받는 굴포천, 안양천, 왕숙천, 탄천 등으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통하여 한강 수계의 수질 개선이 필요한 지류 하천을 선정할 수 있었으며 효율적인 수질 관리를 위한 중요한 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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Figure 1. Monitoring sites of discharge and water quality in the Han River watershed tributaries.

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Figure 2. The relationship between BOD-TOC and COD-TP concentration in the Han River watershed tributaries.

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Figure 3. Result of river environment standard for water quality for BOD and TP parameter in the Han river watershed tributaries.

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Figure 4. Component plot in rotated space.

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Figure 5. Dendrogram using Ward‘s linkage of cluster analysis.

Table 1. Characteristics of 15 tributaries in Han River watershed

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Table 2. Average concentration of discharge and water quality data in Han River watershed tributaries

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Table 3. Pearson correlation coefficients of discharge-water quality parameters in the Han River watershed tributaries

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Table 4. Results of principal component analysis of normalized data

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Table 5. Rotated component matrix by principal component analysis

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Table 6. Results of one-way ANOVA analysis

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Table 7. Index score for tributaries grade classification

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Table 8. Water quality improvement priorities selected results in the Han River watershed tributaries

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