Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine (대한물리의학회지)

The Korean Society of Physical Medicine (대한물리의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of Coordinative Locomotor Training on Postural Imbalance and Gait in Children : A Single Subject Design

협응이동훈련이 아동의 자세 불균형과 보행에 미치는 영향 : 단일사례설계

  • Received : 2019.03.13
  • Accepted : 2019.05.21
  • Published : 2019.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

PURPOSE: This study was examined the effects of coordinative locomotor training (CLT) on the postural imbalance and gait in children. METHODS: Four children were sampled as subjects. A single subject study (A-B-A') was conducted by measuring the following: baseline five sessions;, intervention phase, 15 sessions;, and postline (A') five sessions. The research period was eight weeks. The CLT program consisted of warming-up exercise, main exercise, and finishing exercise, and it was performed for one hour per day. A oneleg standing test (OLST) was performed determine the static balance. A functional reach test (FRT) was performed determine the reactionary balance. To determine the dynamic balance, the time up and go test (TUG) was performed. A 10m walking test (10 MWT) was performed to determine the walking ability. A statistical test was performed through descriptive statistics to present the average and standard deviation, and the variation rate was compared using a visual analysis method with graphs. RESULTS: As a result of CLT application, all four subjects improved the OLST, FRT, TUG, and 10 MWT compared to the intervention period baseline, and postline period. CONCLUSION: CLT appeared to improve the posture imbalance and gait in children.

Keywords

References

  1. Negrini S, Negrini A. Postural effects of symmetrical and asymmetrical loads on the spines of schoolchildren. Scoliosis. 2007;2(1):8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-7161-2-8
  2. Moore MK. Upper crossed syndrome and its relationship to cervicogenic headache. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2004;27(6):414-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2004.05.007
  3. Page P, Frank C, Lardner R. Assessment and Treatment of Muscle Imbalance: The Janda Approach. Human Kinetics, 2010.
  4. Woollacott MH, Shumway-Cook A, Williams HG. The development of posture and balance control in children. development of posture and gait across the life span. 1989;77-96.
  5. Winter DA. Human balance and posture control during standing and walking. Gait Posture. 1995;3(4):193-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/0966-6362(96)82849-9
  6. Wade MG, Jones G. The role of vision and spatial orientation in the maintenance of posture. Phys Ther. 1997;77(6):619-28. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/77.6.619
  7. TV Dao H, LabelleR, Le Blanc. Intra-observer variability of measurement of posture with three-dimensional digitization. Ann Chir. 1997;51(8):848-853.
  8. Cohen H, Blatchly CA, Gombash LL. A study of the clinical test of sensory interaction and balance. Phys Ther. 1993;73(6):346-51. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/73.6.346
  9. Jankowicz-Szymanska A, Mikolajczyk E, Wojtanowski W. The effect of physical training on static balance in young people with intellectual disability. Res Dev Disabil. 2012;33(2):675-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2011.11.015
  10. Perry J. Head, Trunk and Pelvis. Gait Analysis: Normal and Pathological Function. Thorofare, New Jersey. SLACK Incorporated. 1992.
  11. Perry J, Davids JR. Gait analysis: Normal and pathological function. J Pediatr Otrhop. 1992;12(6):815.
  12. Yu DH, Seo SW, Lee HS. Effects of therapeutic exercise on hip joint range of motion, manual muscle test, functional movement screen and radiological evaluation in a youth football player with football-specific anterior pelvic tilt: a case report. J Korean Soc Phys Med. 2018;13(4):85-94. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2018.13.4.85
  13. Dietz B. Let's sprint, let's skate. innovationenimpnfkonzept. Berlin. Splinger, 2009.
  14. Tuller B, Turvey MT, Fitch HL. The bernstein perspective: Ii. The concept of muscle linkage or coordinative structure. Human motor behavior: An introduction. 1982;253-70.
  15. Bruton M, O'Dwyer N. Synergies in coordination: a comprehensive overview of neural, computational, and behavioral approaches. J Neurophysiol. 2018;120(6):2761-74. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00052.2018
  16. Kim JC, Lee MK, Lee JA, et al. The effect of coordinative locomotor training on walking in a chronic stroke patient: a single subject design. PNF & Mov. 2018; 16(1):7-17. https://doi.org/10.21598/JKPNFA.2018.16.1.7
  17. Kim JC, Kim TY, Lee JA. Effect of coordinative locomotor training on balance and plantar foot pressure in scoliosis patients : a single subject study. PNF & Mov. 2017;15(3):227-36. https://doi.org/10.21598/JKPNFA.2017.15.3.227
  18. Hurvitz EA, Richardson JK, Werner RA, et al. Unipedal stance testing as an indicator of fall risk among older outpatients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2000;81(5):587-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(00)90039-X
  19. Duncan PW, Weiner DK, Chandler J, et al. Functional reach: A new clinical measure of balance. J Gerontol. 1990;45(6):M192-97. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/45.6.M192
  20. Dhote SN, Khatri PA, Ganvir SS. Reliability of “modified timed up and go” test in children with cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Neurosci. 2012;7(2):96. https://doi.org/10.4103/1817-1745.102564
  21. Thompson P, Beath T, Bell J, et al. Test-retest reliability of the 10-metre fast walk test and 6-minute walk test in ambulatory school-aged children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2008;50(5):370-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2008.02048.x
  22. Zumbrunn T, MacWilliams BA, Johnson BA. Evaluation of a single leg stance balance test in children. Gait Posture. 2011;34(2):174-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.04.005
  23. Hwang JK, Park JS, Lim JH. Effects of coordinative locomotor training program on low extremity strength, balance and quality of life in patients with cancer: Single-subject design. J Korean Soc Phys Med. 2017;12(4):47-59. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2017.12.4.47
  24. Na SH. The Difference of Foot Pressure Distributions and Muscle Activity during the Coordinated Movement Patterns. Master's Degree. Korea University. 2010.
  25. Lim CH. The effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) pattern exercise using the sprinter and the skater on balance and gait function in the stroke patients. J Korean Phys Ther. 2014;26(4):249-56.
  26. Kim JC, Lim JH. The effects of coordinative locomotor training on coordination and gait in chronic stroke patients: A randomized controlled pilot trial. J Exerc Rehabil. 2018;14(6):1010. https://doi.org/10.12965/jer.1836386.193