Journal of Conservation Science (보존과학회지)

The Korean Society Of Conservation Science For Cultural Heritage (한국문화재보존과학회)
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A Study on the Inspection of Termite-damaged Wooden Buildings through the Use of Detection Dogs and an Analysis of Environmental Factors

탐지견 반응 및 환경 인자 분석을 통한 목조 건축물의 흰개미 피해 조사

  • Kim, Young Hee (Restoration Technology Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Lim, Bo A (Restoration Technology Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Lee, Jeung Min (Restoration Technology Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Jo, Chang Wook (Restoration Technology Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Kim, Soo Ji (Restoration Technology Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Park, Ji Hee (Restoration Technology Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage)
  • 김영희 (국립문화재연구소 복원기술연구실) ;
  • 임보아 (국립문화재연구소 복원기술연구실) ;
  • 이정민 (국립문화재연구소 복원기술연구실) ;
  • 조창욱 (국립문화재연구소 복원기술연구실) ;
  • 김수지 (국립문화재연구소 복원기술연구실) ;
  • 박지희 (국립문화재연구소 복원기술연구실)
  • Received : 2019.10.21
  • Accepted : 2019.11.25
  • Published : 2019.12.20
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Abstract

This study investigates three buildings arranged alongside at the same level, namely, the Josadang, the Buljojeon, and the Palsangjeon. Their backside is blocked by an embankment with an environmental condition unsuitable for wooden buildings. The pillar behind the Josadang had termite damage for which termite damage and environmental investigations had been conducted for the past four years. The termite damage was monitored four times using the termite detection dogs, and the environmental factors were surveyed 27 times, except during the winter season. As a result, the locations of the columns with a high frequency of responses from the termite detection dogs were found and damage was confirmed. According to the surface moisture content investigations, the surface moisture content was highest in the Josadang and lowest in the Buljojeon. After a statistical analysis, the mean, the median, and the mode values were compared. The difference between the mean and the median was found to be less, however, the mode varied significantly. The mode values of the Josadang and the Palsangjeon were 14.5% and 10.8%, respectively, higher than the 6.1% mode value of the Buljojeon. It was concluded that the temperature and the water content affected the termite damage, which increases if the temperature and the water content remain constant owing to the environmental factors.

본 연구의 조사대상 건물인 조사당, 불조전과 팔상전은 같은 단(段) 위에 나란히 배치되어 있고 뒤편이 축대로 막혀있는 구조로 목조 건축물에 불리한 환경조건을 갖추고 있다. 이미 조사당 뒤편 기둥에서 흰개미 피해가 발생하였고 주변으로 확장 가능성이 있어 흰개미 피해 및 환경조사를 수행하였다. 흰개미 피해는 탐지견을 이용하여 총 4회 실시하였고 환경조사는 조사대상 건물의 모든 기둥 하부에서 총 27회 조사하였다. 건물별로 흰개미 탐지견 반응 빈도가 높은 기둥위치를 파악할 수 있었으며 탐지견이 반복적으로 탐지하는 기둥에서 육안으로 피해가 발생하는 것을 확인하였다. 주변 환경적 요소에 따라 목재의 흡습성이 달라지기 때문에 건물 기둥의 환경인자를 조사하여 비교하였다. 건물별로 비교한 결과에서 조사당의 목재함수율 편차가 가장 적었고 불조전의 편차가 크게 나타났다. 통계분석으로 평균, 중앙값, 최빈값을 비교한 결과 평균과 중앙값의 차이 보다 최빈값의 차이가 크게 나타났다. 조사당과 팔상전의 최빈값은 14.5%와 10.8%로 높게 나타났으나 불조전은 6.1%로 낮았다. 흰개미 피해는 기온과 수분량에 영향을 받는데 목조건물이 위치한 주변 환경적 영향으로 서식환경이 일정하게 유지될 경우 피해가 커질 수 있다. 기후변화에 따른 평균기온의 상승으로 활동기간과 분포범위가 확장될 수 있어 지속적인 모니터링과 방제 방법 연구가 필요하다.

Keywords

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