Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship (벤처창업연구)

The Korean Society of Business Venturing (한국벤처창업학회)
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A Study on the Impact of Military Service Experience on their Entrepreneurial Intention

군복무 경험 특성이 창업의도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

  • Received : 2019.08.29
  • Accepted : 2019.10.26
  • Published : 2019.10.31
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of personal characteristics and military service experience on their entrepreneurial intention. Hypotheses were developed based on extant literature and tested using the data collected by surveys to retiring officers and NCOs. The conclusions drawn from the analysis were as follows. First, the major factors affecting the voluntary self-employment intention are role model, perceived desirability, and working environment. Second, the biggest difficulty in preparing to start a self-employed business is the lack of founding capital and entrepreneurial information. Third, the respondents believe that military career is not helpful in starting a business. Fourth, there were many negative perceptions that the education and training from the military does not help the self-employment. As a result, it is believed that improvement of entrepreneurial education in the military and expansion of entrepreneurial education during service are required. Especially, the education focusing on self-employed entrepreneurship should be improved. It is recommendable that the entrepreneurial education now being carried out by the Military Outplacement Training Institute should be extended not only during the outplacement period but also the normal service period, thereby increasing the intention of the military official.

최근 경제 상황의 악화로 인해 제대군인들의 재취업이 더욱 어려워지는 여건을 보여주고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 배경 속에서 제대군인들의 원활한 사회복귀를 위한 자영업 창업지원이 필요한 것이라는 인식에서 시작되었다. 선행연구에서 창업의도에 미치는 요소로 알려진 개인적 특성(성별, 연령, 결혼상태), 사회적자본(네트워크, 롤모델), 인적자본(교육 및 경험), 재정자원(보유자산, 연금 등) 등이 전역 예정군인들의 자영업 창업의도에 미치는 영향과 더불어 전역예정 직업군인들의 군 복무 경험 특성(근무기간, 근무환경(지역), 계급(신분), 군인연금, 병과 구분 등)이 자영업 창업의도에 어떤 영향을 미치는지도 분석하였다. 연구결과 군복무 환경에 따라 창업의도가 상당히 달라진다는 점을 확인하였으며, 따라서 상대적으로 복무환경이 열악했던 군인들에게 창업 관련 정보를 제공하고 관심을 높여 나갈 수 있는 정책이 매우 중요한 것으로 해석되었다. 이를 위해 현재 국방전직교육원에서 실시하고 있는 창업 관련 교육을 전직교육기간 뿐만 아니라 평소 복무기간 중에도 일부 개방하는 등의 방법이 제안되었다. 본 연구는 현재 시행되고 있는 제대군인 창업 지원정책의 개선과 더불어 향후 제대군인들에 대한 전직 지원정책을 발전시켜 나가는 데 그 근거를 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

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