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Comparison of the Accuracy of Stereo Camera Calibration According to the Types of Checkerboards

체커보드의 유형에 따른 스테레오 카메라 캘리브레이션의 정확도 비교

  • Kim, Eui Myoung (Department of Spatial Information Engineering, Namseoul University) ;
  • Kwon, Sang Il (Underground Surveying Team, Spatial Information Quality Management Service)
  • Received : 2020.09.15
  • Accepted : 2020.11.23
  • Published : 2020.12.31

Abstract

For camera calibration, a checkerboard is generally used to determine the principal point, focal length, and lens distortions. The checkerboard has a planar and three-dimensional shape, and camera calibration parameters are affected by the size of the checkerboard, the placement of the target, and the number of target points. In this study, the accuracies of the types of checkerboards were compared using checkpoints for stereo camera calibration, and the purpose of this study was to propose the best performance checkerboard. The checkerboard with large flat shape showed comparatively high accuracy through comparison with the check points. However, due to the size of the checkerboard, it was inconvenient to move and rotate, and there was a disadvantage in that it was difficult to shoot so that the target points could all appear in the stereo camera. The checkerboard, which was manufactured in a small size in a flat shape, was easy to move and rotate but had the lowest three-dimensional accuracy. The checkerboard with targets with height values had the hassle of having to determine the three-dimensional coordinates of the target points by using observation equipment for camera calibration, but it was small in size, convenient to move and rotate, and showed the highest three-dimensional accuracy.

카메라 캘리브레이션을 위해 일반적으로 체커보드를 이용하여 주점, 초점거리, 렌즈 왜곡을 결정한다. 체커보드는 평면 형태와 3차원 형태가 있으며 체커보드의 크기, 타겟의 배치와 타겟점의 개수에 따라 카메라 캘리브레이션 매개변수에 영향을 미친다. 본 연구에서는 스테레오 카메라 캘리브레이션을 위해 체커보드의 유형에 따른 정확도를 검사점을 이용하여 비교하였으며 이를 통해 가장 성능이 우수한 체커보드를 제안하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 평면 형태의 크기가 큰 체커보드는 검사점과의 비교를 통해서 비교적 높은 정확도를 나타내었다. 그러나 체커보드의 크기로 인하여 이동과 회전이 불편하였고 스테레오 카메라에서 타겟점이 모두 나타날 수 있도록 촬영하는 것이 어려운 단점이 있었다. 평면 형태의 작은 크기로 제작된 체커보드는 이동 및 회전이 편리하지만 가장 낮은 3차원 정확도를 나타내었다. 높이 값이 있는 타겟을 부착한 체커보드는 타겟점의 3차원 좌표를 카메라 캘리브레이션을 위해서 관측장비를 이용하여 결정해야 하는 번거로움이 있었지만 크기가 작아 이동과 회전이 편리하였고 가장 높은 3차원 정확도를 나타내었다.

Keywords

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