Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies (한국지리정보학회지)

The Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies (한국지리정보학회)
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Calculation of Soil Moisture and Evaporation on the Korean Peninsula using NASA LIS(Land Information System)

NASA LIS(Land Information System)을 이용한 한반도의 토양수분·증발산량 산출

  • PARK, Gwang-Ha (Water Resources Management Research Center K-water Research Institute) ;
  • YU, Wan-Sik (Water Resources Management Research Center K-water Research Institute) ;
  • HWANG, Eui-Ho (Water Resources Management Research Center K-water Research Institute) ;
  • JUNG, Kwan-Sue (Dept. of Civil Engineering, Chungnam National University)
  • 박광하 (K-water연구원 유역물관리연구소) ;
  • 유완식 (K-water연구원 유역물관리연구소) ;
  • 황의호 (K-water연구원 유역물관리연구소) ;
  • 정관수 (충남대학교 토목공학과)
  • Received : 2020.10.15
  • Accepted : 2020.11.10
  • Published : 2020.12.31
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Abstract

This study evaluated the accuracy of soil moisture and evapotranspiration by calculating the hydrological parameters in Korean peninsula using Land Information System(LIS) developed by US NASA. We used Noah-MP surface model to calculate hydrological parameters, and used MERRA2(Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2) for hydrological forcing data. And, International Geosphere-Biosphere Program(IGBP) and University of Maryland(UMD) land cover maps were applied to compare the output accuracy, and Automated Synoptic Observing System(ASOS) of KMA was used as ground observation data. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the output data, the correlation coefficient(CC), BIAS, and efficiency factor (NSE, Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency) were analyzed with soil moisture and evapotranspiration by ASOS ground observation data. As a result, the correlation coefficient of soil moisture using IGBP was 0.56 on average, and evapotranspiration was about 0.71. On the other hand, soil moisture using UMD was 0.68 on average and evapotranspiration was about 0.72, and the correlation coefficient by UMD was evaluated as high accuracy compared to the results by using IGBP. The correlation coefficient of soil moisture was an average of 0.68 and evapotranspiration was an average of 0.72 when MERRA2 was used as hydrological forcing data. On the other hand, the soil moisture applied with ASOS was an average of 0.66, and evapotranspiration was an average of 0.72. It is judged that the ASOS point data was reanalyzed as 0.65°× 0.5°grids, which is the same spatial resolution with MERRA2, resulting in differences in accuracy depending on the region.

본 연구에서는 미국 NASA에서 개발한 LIS(Land Information System)를 이용하여 한반도 지역의 수문인자를 산출하여 토양수분 및 증발산량에 대한 정확도를 평가하였다. LIS를 이용한 수문인자 산출을 위해 사용된 지표면 모형은 Noah-MP(Noah-MultiParameterization)이며, 수문기상 자료는 MERRA2(Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2)를 적용하였다. Land Cover 및 국내 기상자료 적용에 따른 정확도를 확인하기 위해 IGBP(International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme), UMD(University of Maryland) Land Cover를 적용하였고, 기상관측자료는 기상청의 종관기상관측(ASOS, Automated Synoptic Observing System) 자료를 사용하였다. 산출된 자료의 정확도를 평가하기 위해 토양수분 및 증발산량을 대상으로 지상 관측자료와 비교하여 상관계수(CC, Correlation Coefficient), 편의(BIAS), 효율계수(NSE, Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency)를 분석하였다. 그 결과, IGBP를 적용한 토양수분의 상관계수는 평균 0.56, 증발산량은 평균 0.71로 나타났고, UMD를 적용한 토양수분은 평균 0.68, 증발산량은 평균 0.72이며, UMD를 적용한 결과의 상관계수가 높게 평가되었다. 수문기상 자료로 MERRA2를 사용하였을 경우 토양수분의 상관계수는 평균 0.68, 증발산량은 평균 0.72로 나타났고, ASOS를 적용한 토양수분은 평균 0.66, 증발산량은 평균 0.72이며, ASOS를 적용한 결과 상관계수가 낮아지는 것으로 분석되었다. 국내 기상자료를 적용할 경우 상관계수가 낮아지는 현상이 발생하였는데, 지점 자료의 격자화를 진행할 때 MERRA2와 동일한 공간해상도인 0.65°× 0.5°로 격자화하여 지역에 따라 정확도의 차이가 발생 된 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 환경부의 물관리연구사업(79622)에서 지원받았습니다.

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