Journal of fish pathology (한국어병학회지)

The Korean Society of Fish Pathology (한국어병학회)
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Genetic Identification and Biochemical Characteristics of Edwardsiella Strains Isolated from Freshwater Fishes Cultured in Korea

내수면 양식 어류에서 분리된 Edwardsiella 속 균주들의 유전학적 동정 및 생화학적 특성

  • Jang, Mun Hee (Inland Aquaculture Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Kim, Keun-Yong (Department of Genetic Analysis, AquaGenTech Co., Ltd) ;
  • Lee, Yu Hee (Inland Aquaculture Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Oh, Yun Kyung (Inland Aquaculture Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Lee, Jeong-Ho (Inland Aquaculture Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Song, Jun-Young (Inland Aquaculture Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
  • 장문희 (국립수산과학원 내수면양식연구센터) ;
  • 김근용 (아쿠아젠텍(주)) ;
  • 이유희 (국립수산과학원 내수면양식연구센터) ;
  • 오윤경 (국립수산과학원 내수면양식연구센터) ;
  • 이정호 (국립수산과학원 내수면양식연구센터) ;
  • 송준영 (국립수산과학원 내수면양식연구센터)
  • Received : 2020.11.07
  • Accepted : 2020.11.27
  • Published : 2020.12.31
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Abstract

The genus Edwardsiella belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae is a member of Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria that cause disease in diverse aquatic organisms such as fish, amphibians and reptiles as well as avians and mammals including human throughout the world. This genus had been composed of three species, E. hoshinae, E. ictaluri and E. tarda, but recent researches erected two novel species, E. anguillarum and E. piscicida that were conventionally identified as E. tarda. In this study, we isolated seven strains belonging to the genus Edwardsiella from freshwater fishes that had been reared at inland fish farms in South Korea and investigated their biochemical characteristics and molecular phylogenetic relationships. The seven strains showed typical characteristics of four Edwardsiella species, E. anguillarum, E. ictaluri, E. piscicida and E. tarda, by biochemical analyses of Gram staining, indole and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production, and API (Analytic Profile Index) 20E test. Molecular phylogenetic analyses inferred from DNA sequence data of both 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and DNA gyrase subunit B (gyrB) genes were congruent with the biochemical characteristics. As a result, both biochemical and molecular phylogenetic analyses identified four strains isolated from three Anguilla species as E. anguillarum, E. piscicida and E. tarda, two strains from Pelteobagrus fulvidraco and Silurus asotus as E. ictaluri, and one strain from Moroco oxycephalus as E. piscicida. In this study, we isolated and successfully identified recently newly erected species, E. anguillarum and E. piscicida in addition to historically notorious pathogenic species, E. ictaluri and E. tarda. In the future study, systematic and comprehensive monitoring of the four Edwardsiella species are required for studying differences in pathogenicity among freshwater fishes.

우리나라 내수면 양식 어류로부터 Edwardsiella 속 세균 7개 균주를 분리하여 이들의 생화학적 특성 및 유전학적 특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 기존의 어류 병원성 세균으로 알려진 E. tarda 와 E. ictaluri 뿐 아니라, 최근 새로운 종으로 보고된 E. anguillarum과 E. piscicida를 성공적으로 분리 및 동정하여 우리나라 내수면 양식 어류에서 Edwardsiella 속의 다양한 종이 분리되는 것을 확인하였다. 뱀장어류에서 분리된 4개 균주는 E. anguillarum, E. piscicida 및 E. tarda로, 메기와 동자개로부터 분리된 2개 균주는 E. ictaluri로, 버들치로부터 분리된 1개 균주는 E. piscicida로 동정되었다. 또한, 이들의 생화학적 특성의 조사 결과, 이들은 대부분 E. anguillarum, E. ictaluri, E. piscicida 및 E. tarda의 각 종에 해당하는 전형적인 생화학적 특성을 나타내었으며, 유전자를 이용한 분자계통발생학적 분석 결과와도 일치하였다. 특히, 16S rRNA 및 gyrB 유전자를 이용하여 Edwardsiella 속 종의 명확한 분류가 가능함을 확인함으로써, Edwardsiella 속 세균의 분류학적 동정을 위한 마커로써의 가능성을 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 우리나라 내수면 양식 어류로부터 다양한 Edwardsiella 속 종들이 분리되는 것을 확인하였으며, 이들 종들에 대한 체계적인 모니터링 및 숙주에 따른 병원성의 차이에 관한 연구가 필요함을 제안한다.

Keywords

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